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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ التَّكْبِيرِ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ‌

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ اذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْدُوداتٍ‌ قَالَ التَّكْبِيرُ فِي أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ مِنْ يَوْمِ النَّحْرِ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ مِنْ يَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ وَ فِي الْأَمْصَارِ عَشْرَ صَلَوَاتٍ فَإِذَا نَفَرَ بَعْدَ الْأُولَى أَمْسَكَ أَهْلُ الْأَمْصَارِ وَ مَنْ أَقَامَ بِمِنًى فَصَلَّى بِهَا الظُّهْرَ وَ الْعَصْرَ فَلْيُكَبِّرْ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, ‘Speak of Allah during the well identified days.’ (2:203) He (the Imam) said, ‘Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) during the bright days should be commenced at noontime on the tenth of Dhu al-Hajjah up to the morning of the 13th of Dhu al-Hajjah. In the cities however, it is during the ten salawat (prayers). As soon as people begin to leave Mina, people of the cities discontinue Takbirat (Allah is great beyond description); however, people who still remain in Mina’ must say Zuhr and al-‘Asr salat (prayer) and al-Takbirat (Allah is great beyond description) there.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[1]البقرة: 203.ص 516

[2]على التفصيل المذكور فيه فتوى الاصحاب و ذهب الاكثر الى استحبابها و ذهب السيّد الى الوجوب أيّام التشريق.( آت)ص 516

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حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع التَّكْبِيرُ فِي أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ فِي دُبُرِ الصَّلَوَاتِ فَقَالَ التَّكْبِيرُ بِمِنًى فِي دُبُرِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ صَلَاةً وَ فِي سَائِرِ الْأَمْصَارِ فِي دُبُرِ عَشْرِ صَلَوَاتٍ وَ أَوَّلُ التَّكْبِيرِ فِي دُبُرِ صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ- يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ يَقُولُ فِيهِ- اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَ لِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى مَا هَدَانَا اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى مَا رَزَقَنَا مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ وَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ فِي سَائِرِ الْأَمْصَارِ فِي دُبُرِ عَشْرِ صَلَوَاتٍ لِأَنَّهُ إِذَا نَفَرَ النَّاسُ فِي النَّفْرِ الْأَوَّلِ أَمْسَكَ أَهْلُ الْأَمْصَارِ عَنِ التَّكْبِيرِ وَ كَبَّرَ أَهْلُ مِنًى مَا دَامُوا بِمِنًى إِلَى النَّفْرِ الْأَخِيرِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Hammad ibn ‘Isa has narrated from Hariz ibn ‘Abd Allah from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) in the days of Tashriq after Salat (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) in Mina’ is after fifteen Salawat (prayers). In other cities it is after ten Salawat (prayers). The first Takbir is after Salat (prayer) of al-Zuhr on the day of al-Nahr (slaughtering the offering, 10th of Dhu al-Hajjah) in which one says, ‘Allah is great beyond description, Allah is great beyond description. No one deserves worship except Allah. Allah is great beyond description. Allah is great beyond description. All praise belongs to Allah. Allah is great beyond description. Allah is great beyond description as He has given us the cattle.’ In other cities it is after ten because in the cities when people leave with the first departure, people of the cities stop saying Takbir (Allah is great beyond description); but people in Mina’ continue saying Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) up till the last person’s departure.’” (Fatwa best explains Hadith 2 of this Chapter)

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]قال في المرآة: الأولى في كيفية التكبير اتباع هذا الخبر المعتبر و ان كان خلاف ما ذكره الاكثر.ص 516

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ اذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْدُوداتٍ‌ قَالَ

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هِيَ أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ كَانُوا إِذَا أَقَامُوا بِمِنًى بَعْدَ النَّحْرِ تَفَاخَرُوا فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ كَانَ أَبِي يَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ- فَإِذا أَفَضْتُمْ‌ مِنْ عَرَفاتٍ‌ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ كَذِكْرِكُمْ‌ آباءَكُمْ أَوْ أَشَدَّ ذِكْراً قَالَ وَ التَّكْبِيرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَ لِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى مَا هَدَانَا اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى مَا رَزَقَنَا مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Mansur ibn Hazim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, ‘Speak of Allah during the well identified days’ (2:203) has said, ‘Such days are the bright days, 11, 12 and 13 of Dhu al-Hajjah. The Arabs would stay in Mina’ after the tenth of Dhu al-Hajjah and speak of their superiority over the others. A man among them would say, ‘My father did such and such things.’ Allah, the most Blessed, the most High, then said, ‘When you leave ‘Arafat, speak of Allah just as you speak of your fathers or even more intensely.’ (2:198-200) He (the Imam) then said, ‘Takbirat are as follows. ‘Allahu Akbar (Allah is great beyond description), Allahu Akbar (Allah is great beyond description). No one deserves worship except Allah, Allahu Akbar (Allah is great beyond description), Allahu Akbar (Allah is great beyond description). All praise belongs to Allah, Allahu Akbar (Allah is great beyond description), for His granting us guidance, Allahu Akbar (Allah is great beyond description) for His giving us cattle.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]البقرة: 198 إلى 200 هكذا:« فَإِذا أَفَضْتُمْ مِنْ عَرَفاتٍ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ عِنْدَ الْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرامِ وَ اذْكُرُوهُ كَما هَداكُمْ وَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ لَمِنَ الضَّالِّينَ* ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفاضَ النَّاسُ وَ اسْتَغْفِرُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ* فَإِذا قَضَيْتُمْ مَناسِكَكُمْ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ كَذِكْرِكُمْ آباءَكُمْ أَوْ أَشَدَّ ذِكْراً». و لعلّ سقط منه:« إلى قوله» من النسّاخ قال الطبرسيّ- رحمه اللّه- في المجمع في قوله تعالى:« فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ» اختلف في الذكر على قولين احدهما أن المراد به التكبير المختص بايام منى لانه الذكر المرغب فيه المندوب إليه في هذه الأيّام و الآخر أن المراد به سائر الأدعية في تلك المواطن لان الدعاء فيها أفضل منه في غيرها.« كَذِكْرِكُمْ آباءَكُمْ» معناه ما روى عن الباقر عليه السلام انهم إذا كانوا فرغوا من الحجّ يجتمعون هناك و يعدون مفاخر آبائهم و مآثرهم و يذكرون أيامهم القديمة و اياديهم الجسيمة فامرهم اللّه سبحانه ان يذكروه مكان ذكرهم آباءهم في هذا الموضع.ص 517

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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التَّكْبِيرُ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ مِنْ آخِرِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ إِنْ أَنْتَ أَقَمْتَ بِمِنًى وَ إِنْ أَنْتَ خَرَجْتَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ التَّكْبِيرُ وَ التَّكْبِيرُ أَنْ تَقُولَ- اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَ لِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى مَا هَدَانَا اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى مَا رَزَقَنَا مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى مَا أَبْلَانَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya and Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Takbir in the days of Tashriq is from Salat (prayer) of al-Zuhr on the day of al-Nahr (slaughtering the offering, 10th of Dhu al-Hajjah) to Salat (prayer) of al-‘Asr of the last day of Tashriq, if you remain in Mina’. If you leave Mina 5 you are not obligated for anything in this matter. In Takhir say, ’Allah is great beyond description, Allah is great beyond description. No one deserves worship except Allah. Allah is great beyond description. Allah is great beyond description. All praise belongs to Allah. Allah is great beyond description. Allah is great beyond description as He has given us the cattle and all praise belongs to Allah for His testing and trials for us.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]رواه في التهذيب ج 1 ص 381 و فيه« إلى صلاة الفجر» و لعله هو الصواب.ص 517

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ فَاتَتْهُ رَكْعَةٌ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ قَالَ يُتِمُّ صَلَاتَهُ ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ التَّكْبِيرِ بَعْدَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ فَقَالَ كَمْ شِئْتَ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ شَيْ‌ءٌ مُوَقَّتٌ يَعْنِي فِي الْكَلَامِ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, from Safwan ibn Yahya from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who misses one Rak’at Salat (prayer) with the Imam of Salat (prayer) in the days of Tashriq. He (the Imam) said, ’He completes his Salat (prayer) and then says Takhir.’ I then asked about Takhir after every Salat (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘As many times as you like. There is not anything definite in speaking of Allah.’” NOTE: Fatwa best explains Hadith 4-5 of this Chapter

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]لعل السائل سأل عن عدد التكبيرات التي تقرأ بعد كل صلاة فقال عليه السلام: ليس فيه عدد معين موقت أي محدود و هذا هو المراد بقوله:« يعنى في الكلام» أي ليس المراد عدم التوقيت في عدد الصلاة بل في عدد الذكر.( آت)ص 517