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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابٌ فِي آدَابِ اقْتِضَاءِ الدَّيْنِ‌

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الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ:

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دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ جَاءَ الْمَشْكُوُّ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا لِفُلَانٍ يَشْكُوكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَشْكُونِي أَنِّي اسْتَقْضَيْتُ مِنْهُ‌ حَقِّي قَالَ فَجَلَسَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مُغْضَباً ثُمَّ قَالَ كَأَنَّكَ إِذَا اسْتَقْضَيْتَ حَقَّكَ لَمْ تُسِئْ أَ رَأَيْتَ مَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ- يَخافُونَ سُوءَ الْحِسابِ‌ أَ تَرَى أَنَّهُمْ خَافُوا اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجُورَ عَلَيْهِمْ لَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا خَافُوا إِلَّا الِاسْتِقْضَاءَ فَسَمَّاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سُوءَ الْحِسَابِ فَمَنِ اسْتَقْضَى بِهِ فَقَدْ أَسَاءَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman who has said the following: “Once, a man came to abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), to complain before him (the Imam) against one of his companions. In a little while the defendant came in and abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked, ‘Why does so and so complain against you?’ He replied, ‘It is because I asked him for payment of what he owes to me.’ He (the narrator) has said that abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then sat straight with anger and said, ‘It seems as if when you demand for payment of what others owe, you do not consider it maltreating him. Consider what Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said in His book, ‘They fear dreadful accounting.’ (13:21) Do you think they fear that Allah will do injustice to them? No, by Allah, that is not the case. They did not fear anything but demand for payment of what is owed to them and Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has called it (demand for payment) dreadful accounting, thus one who demands payment has maltreated him (debtor).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[2]أي طلبت منه حقى. و في بعض النسخ بالصاد المهملة في الموضعين أي بلغت الغاية في المطالبة.ص 100

[1]الرعد: 21.ص 101

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ إِنَّ لِي عَلَى بَعْضِ الْحَسَنِيِّينَ مَالًا وَ قَدْ أَعْيَانِي أَخْذُهُ وَ قَدْ جَرَى بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ كَلَامٌ وَ لَا آمَنُ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ مَا أَغْتَمُّ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَيْسَ هَذَا طَرِيقَ التَّقَاضِي وَ لَكِنْ إِذَا أَتَيْتَهُ أَطِلِ الْجُلُوسَ وَ الْزَمِ السُّكُوتَ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ فَمَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا يَسِيراً حَتَّى أَخَذْتُ مَالِي.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya in a marfu’ manner has narrated the following: “He (the narrator) has said that a man once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘A man of Al- Husayniy people owes me a certain amount. Asking him for payment has become tiring for me. We had an argument about it and I am afraid something may happen between us that will make me sad.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘This is not a proper manner of asking for payment. When you go to him next time sit with him for a long time and remain quiet.’ The man has said, ‘I followed the instruction and shortly thereafter I received full payment.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ خَضِرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو النَّخَعِيِّ قَالَ

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قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا ع‌ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَالٌ فَيَجْحَدُهُ قَالَ إِنِ اسْتَحْلَفَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ بَعْدَ الْيَمِينِ شَيْئاً وَ إِنْ تَرَكَهُ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَحْلِفْهُ فَهُوَ عَلَى حَقِّهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from Khidr ibn ‘Amr al-Nakha’iy who has said the following: “About the case of a man to whom another person owes a certain amount of assets but denies such liability one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘If he (creditor) makes him (the debtor) to take an oath, thereafter he (the creditor) is not entitled to take anything from him (the debtor), but if he does not make him to take an oath his right remains enforced upon the debtor.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا وَجَعَ إِلَّا وَجَعُ الْعَيْنِ وَ لَا هَمَّ إِلَّا هَمُّ الدَّيْنِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas’adah ibn Sadaqah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘No other ache is a serious ache except an eye ache, and no anxiety is a serious anxiety except the anxiety because of debts.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ الدَّيْنُ رِبْقَةُ اللَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُذِلَّ عَبْداً وَضَعَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith the following is narrated: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Debt is the loop of Allah on earth and when He wants to humiliate a person. He places it on his neck.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ بَيَّاعِ السَّابِرِيِّ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ وَ حَكَمٍ الْحَنَّاطِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ

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سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ حَبَسَ مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وَ هُوَ قَادِرٌ عَلَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ إِيَّاهُ مَخَافَةَ إِنْ خَرَجَ ذَلِكَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ يَدِهِ أَنْ يَفْتَقِرَ كَانَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَقْدَرَ عَلَى أَنْ يُفْقِرَهُ مِنْهُ عَلَى أَنْ يُفْنِيَ نَفْسَهُ بِحَبْسِهِ ذَلِكَ الْحَقَّ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Hammad ibn abu Talhah Bayya’ al-Sabiriy and Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl and Hakam al-Hannat all from abu Hamzah who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja’far ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘One who withholds the assets of a Muslim, despite his ability to give it to him, just because of fear of standing in need, Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has greater power to impoverish him because of wasting his time and soul for holding back such right.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.