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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ طَعَامِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ وَ مُؤَاكَلَتِهِمْ وَ آنِيَتِهِمْ‌

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ طَعَامِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَ مَا يَحِلُّ مِنْهُ قَالَ الْحُبُوبُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the food of the people of the book and what is lawful for food thereof. He (the Imam) said, ’It is grains.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ طَعَامِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَ مَا يَحِلُّ مِنْهُ قَالَ الْحُبُوبُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ‘Ammar ibn Marwan from Sanaa ‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the food of the people of the book and what is lawful for food thereof. He (the Imam) said, ’It is grains.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ عِيصِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مُؤَاكَلَةِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامِكَ فَتَوَضَّأَ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ‘Is ibn al-Qasim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about eating with the Jews, Christians and Zoroastrians. He (the Imam) said, ’If the food belongs to you then make wudu (wash) and eat with them; it is not unlawful.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]ظاهره طهارة أهل الكتاب و المشهور بين الاصحاب نجاسة الكفّار مطلقا و هو مذهب الصدوقين و الشيخين و الفاضلين و الشهيدين و الحلى و الديلميّ و الكركى و كافة المتأخرين كما قاله صاحب المستند. و نسب إلى ابن الجنيد و ابن عقيل و المفيد في المسائل الغرية و الشيخ في النهاية القول بطهارة أهل الكتاب اما قول الشيخ في النهاية« يكره أن يدعو الإنسان أحدا من الكفّار إلى طعامه فيأكل معه و إن دعاه فليأمره بغسل يده ثمّ ياكل معه» فمحمول على حال الضرورة أو ما لا يتعدى و غسل اليد للتعبد لوروده في الاخبار او زوال الاستقذار و الحاصل من النجاسات الخارجية لتصريحه قبل ذلك بأسطر بعدم جواز مؤاكلة الكفّار، على اختلاف مللهم و لا استعمال أوانيهم إلّا بعد غسلها و انهم انجاس ينجس الطعام بمباشرتهم كما في المستند أيضا و قال العلّامة المجلسيّ- رحمه اللّه-:ص 263

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْكَاهِلِيِّ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْمٍ مُسْلِمِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ وَ حَضَرَهُمْ رَجُلٌ مَجُوسِيٌّ أَ يَدْعُونَهُ إِلَى طَعَامِهِمْ فَقَالَ أَمَّا أَنَا فَلَا أُؤَاكِلُ الْمَجُوسِيَّ وَ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُحَرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ شَيْئاً تَصْنَعُونَهُ فِي بِلَادِكُمْ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Abd Allah ibn Yahya al-Kahiliy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a Muslim people who take food and a Zoroastrian man comes to them; if they can invite him for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not eat food with Zoroastrians and I dislike making unlawful for you what you do in your lands.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]ظاهره التقية و يمكن الحمل على الجامد و يكون امتناعه عليه السلام لكراهة مشاركتهم في الاكل.( آت)ص 263

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ آنِيَةِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ وَ الْمَجُوسِ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْكُلُوا فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ وَ لَا مِنْ طَعَامِهِمُ الَّذِي يَطْبُخُونَ وَ لَا فِي آنِيَتِهِمُ الَّتِي يَشْرَبُونَ فِيهَا الْخَمْرَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub, from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja’far, Alayhi al-Salam, about the utensils of the non-Muslim taxpayer and Zoroastrians. He (the Imam) said, ’Do not eat in their utensils or from their food which they cook or in the utensils that they use for drinking wine.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ طَعامُ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتابَ حِلٌّ لَكُمْ وَ طَعامُكُمْ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ‌ فَقَالَ ع الْحُبُوبُ وَ الْبُقُولُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from abu al-Jarud who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘The food of the people to whom the book was given is lawful for you and your food is lawful for them.’ (5:5) He (the Imam) said, ‘It is grains and vegetables.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]المائدة: 5. و استدلّ بهذه الآية على طهارتهم و أجيب بالحمل على ما ذكر في الخبر بقرينة الاخبار.( آت)ص 264

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ مُؤَاكَلَةِ الْمَجُوسِيِّ فِي قَصْعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَ أَرْقُدَ مَعَهُ عَلَى فِرَاشٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ أُصَافِحَهُ قَالَ لَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from Ya‘qub ibn Yazid from Ali ibn Ja‘far from his brother abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, Alayhi al-Salam, about eating with a Zoroastrian in a bowl and sleeping with him on one furnishing and shaking hands with him. He (the Imam) said, ‘No.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]النهى اما عن أصل المعاشرة حرمة او كراهة لمرجوحية موادتهم أو كناية عن وجوب الاحتراز عنهم و الحكم بنجاستهم بحمل كل منها على ما يوجب السراية كما هو الظاهر في الاكثر.( آت)ص 264

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عَنْهُ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي أُخَالِطُ الْمَجُوسِيَّ فَآكُلُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ فَقَالَ لَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

8. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from ’Isma‘il ibn Mehran from Muhammad ibn Ziyad from Harun ibn Kharijah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, if I can associate with Zoroastrians and eat from their food. He (the Imam) said, ‘No.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي طَعَامِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْكُلْهُ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ هُنَيْئَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا تَأْكُلْهُ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ هُنَيْئَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا تَأْكُلْهُ وَ لَا تَتْرُكْهُ تَقُولُ إِنَّهُ حَرَامٌ وَ لَكِنْ تَتْرُكُهُ تَنَزُّهاً عَنْهُ إِنَّ فِي آنِيَتِهِمُ الْخَمْرَ وَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

9. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from ’Isma‘il ibn Jabir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the people of the book and what he (the Imam) says about their food. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not eat it.’ He (the Imam) then remained quiet then said, ‘Do not eat it’ He (the Imam) then remained quiet then said, ‘Do not eat it and do not leave it. Say that it is unlawful, however, you can leave to abstain thereof because in their utensils there is wine and flesh of pigs.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]ظاهره الطهارة و يمكن الحمل على التقية.( آت)ص 264

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ:

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كُنْتُ نَصْرَانِيّاً فَأَسْلَمْتُ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي عَلَى دِينِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ فَأَكُونُ مَعَهُمْ فِي بَيْتٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ آكُلُ مِنْ آنِيَتِهِمْ فَقَالَ لِي ع أَ يَأْكُلُونَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab from Zakariya ibn Ibrahim who has said the following: “I was a Christian, then became a Muslim and said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘People of my family are Christians. I live with them in one house and eat in their utensils. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Do they eat pork?’ I replied, ‘No, they do not eat pork.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.