1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy from Jamil and Hisham who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ’Establishing testimony (the burden of proof) is on the plaintiff and oath is on the defendant.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Abu Ali al-Ash ‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from abu ‘Abd Allah, ibn Bukayr from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘In the matters of your blood (lives), Allah has judged differently from His judging in matters of your assets. In matters of your assets and belongings, He has judged by means of placing the establishment of testimony (burden of proof) on the plaintiff and oath on the defendant. In matters of your blood (lives), He has placed establishment of testimony (burden of proof) on the defendant, and oath on the plaintiff so that the blood (life) of a Muslim is not invalidated.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.