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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ عِلَلِ الْمَوْتِ وَ أَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ يَمُوتُ بِكُلِّ مِيتَةٍ

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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كَانَ النَّاسُ يَعْتَبِطُونَ اعْتِبَاطاً فَلَمَّا كَانَ زَمَانُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ع قَالَ يَا رَبِّ اجْعَلْ لِلْمَوْتِ عِلَّةً يُؤْجَرُ بِهَا الْمَيِّتُ وَ يُسَلَّى بِهَا عَنِ الْمُصَابِ قَالَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْمُومَ وَ هُوَ الْبِرْسَامُ‌ ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ بَعْدَهُ الدَّاءَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Faddal from those who narrated to him from Sa‘d ibn Tarif who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘People would just drop dead. Ibrahim (Abraham), ‘Alayhi al Salam, in his time pleaded before Allah to create a cause for death so the dying person receives rewards and the grieving people find solace. Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, then sent al-Mum, which is a kind of fever causing hallucination and thereafter He sent medicine.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[1]الاعتباط: ادراك الموت بلا علة. و في الصحاح: عبطت الناقة و اعبطتها إذا ذبحتها و ليست بها علة فهي عبيطة و لحمها عبيط.ص 111

[2]الموم: البرسام مع الحمى و قال: البرسام- بالكسر- علة يهذى فيها.( النهاية) و قوله عليه السلام:« بعده الداء» أي انواعه.ص 111

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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كَانَ النَّاسُ يَعْتَبِطُونَ اعْتِبَاطاً فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ ع يَا رَبِّ لَوْ جَعَلْتَ لِلْمَوْتِ عِلَّةً يُعْرَفُ بِهَا وَ يُسَلَّى عَنِ الْمُصَابِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْمُومَ وَ هُوَ الْبِرْسَامُ ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ الدَّاءَ بَعْدَهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Faddal from ‘Asim ibn Humayd from Sa‘d ibn Tarif who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘People would just drop dead. Ibrahim (Abraham), ‘Alayhi al Salam, pleaded before Allah, ‘Would that You had created a cause for death to be recognized thereby and for grieving people to receive condolence.’ Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, then sent al-Mum, which is a kind of fever causing hallucination and thereafter He sent medicine.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدٌ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‌ الْحُمَّى رَائِدُ الْمَوْتِ‌ وَ هُوَ سِجْنُ اللَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ هُوَ حَظُّ الْمُؤْمِنِ مِنَ النَّارِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Isma’il from Sa‘dan ibn Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say that fever is the harbinger of death; it is the prison of Allah on earth and the share of a believing person from the fire.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]أي أنّها يأتي لتهيئة منزل الموت و لاعلام الناس بنزوله. لان الرائد من هو يأتي قبل المسافر في طلب الكلاء.ص 111

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَاتَ‌ دَاوُدُ النَّبِيُّ ع يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ مَفْجُوءاً فَأَظَلَّتْهُ الطَّيْرُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا وَ مَاتَ مُوسَى كَلِيمُ اللَّهِ ع فِي التِّيهِ فَصَاحَ صَائِحٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاتَ مُوسَى ع وَ أَيُّ نَفْسٍ لَا تَمُوتُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Faddal, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Yazid who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Prophet David died suddenly on a Saturday and birds provided shadow over his body. Moses died in the wilderness where he had lost his way. A voice cried from the sky, “Moses has died! Who is he that does not die?””’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ وَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ إِنَّ مَوْتَ الْفَجْأَةِ تَخْفِيفٌ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَ أَخْذَةُ أَسَفٍ عَنِ الْكَافِرِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr and al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from abu Jamilah from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘A sudden death compensates (for the short comings) of a believing person but it is a regrettable grip for an unbeliever.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]الاسف: الغضب.ص 112

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع قَالَ:

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أَكْثَرُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ مِنْ مَوَالِينَا بِالْبَطَنِ الذَّرِيعِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad or someone other than him from Ali ibn Hadid from who has said the following: “Al-Rida (a.s.), has said that most of our followers die from widespread stomach (internal) illness.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ أَبِي مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ شَيْخٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا يُكَنَّى بِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ الْحُمَّى رَائِدُ الْمَوْتِ وَ سِجْنُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِي أَرْضِهِ وَ فَوْرُهَا مِنْ جَهَنَّمَ وَ هِيَ حَظُّ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ مِنَ النَّارِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Musa ibn al-FIassan from al-Haytham ibn al-Masruq from a shaykh of our people called abu ‘Abd Allah from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Fever is a harbinger of death and a prison of Allah on earth. Its heat is from hell and that is the share of a believing person (instead) of hellfire.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ نَاجِيَةَ قَالَ

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قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ يُبْتَلَى بِكُلِّ بَلِيَّةٍ وَ يَمُوتُ بِكُلِّ مِيتَةٍ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا يَقْتُلُ نَفْسَهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar from Najiyah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ’A believing person may die by any form of death and suffer from any form of suffering; however, he does not kill himself.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ وُهَيْبِ بْنِ حَفْصٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ مِيتَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَقَالَ يَمُوتُ الْمُؤْمِنُ بِكُلِّ مِيتَةٍ يَمُوتُ غَرَقاً وَ يَمُوتُ بِالْهَدْمِ وَ يُبْتَلَى بِالسَّبُعِ وَ يَمُوتُ بِالصَّاعِقَةِ وَ لَا تُصِيبُ ذَاكِرَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

9. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from Wuhayb ibn Hafs from abu Basir who has said the following: “Once I asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about the death of a believing person. The Imam said, ‘A believing person may die by any form of death, such as by drowning, or collapse of a house, by beasts or thunderous lightening but not when speaking of Allah.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ النَّوَّاءِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَبْتَلِي الْمُؤْمِنَ بِكُلِّ بَلِيَّةٍ وَ يُمِيتُهُ بِكُلِّ مِيتَةٍ وَ لَا يَبْتَلِيهِ بِذَهَابِ عَقْلِهِ أَ مَا تَرَى أَيُّوبَ ع كَيْفَ سَلَّطَ إِبْلِيسَ عَلَى مَالِهِ وَ وُلْدِهِ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يُسَلِّطْهُ عَلَى عَقْلِهِ تَرَكَ لَهُ مَا يُوَحِّدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

10. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ‘Uthman al-Nawwa’ from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, places a believing person under any kind of test and trial and causes him or her to die by any form of death but He does not cause him or her to suffer the loss of reason. Consider the case of prophet Ayyub, how Satan controlled his property, children and family and all things that were his, but not his reason. It remained with him so he could worship thereby and maintain his belief in Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.