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قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ لَهُ الْوَلَدُ أَ يَسَعُهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ مَالَهُ لِقَرَابَتِهِ فَقَالَ هُوَ مَالُهُ يَصْنَعُ بِهِ مَا شَاءَ إِلَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ الْمَوْتُ إِنَّ لِصَاحِبِ الْمَالِ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ بِمَالِهِ مَا شَاءَ مَا دَامَ حَيّاً إِنْ شَاءَ وَهَبَهُ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهُ إِلَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَإِنْ أَوْصَى بِهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا الثُّلُثُ إِلَّا أَنَّ الْفَضْلَ فِي أَنْ لَا يُضَيِّعَ مَنْ يَعُولُهُ وَ لَا يُضِرَّ بِوَرَثَتِهِ. - وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَعْتَقَ مَمَالِيكَ لَهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ غَيْرُهُمْ فَعَابَهُ النَّبِيُّ ص وَ قَالَ تَرَكَ صِبْيَةً صِغَاراً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ.
English translationMuhammad Sarwar
10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak from ‘Abd Allah ibn Jabalah from Sama‘ah from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has a son; if he can give his assets to his relatives. He (the Imam) said, ‘They are his assets, he can do to them whatever he wants until death comes upon him; the owner can do whatever he wants as long as he is alive. He can give it as a gift or charity, or he can leave it until his death comes. If he makes a will it only applies to one-third of his legacy. It is more excellent for him not to neglect those who are his dependent and he must not harm the heirs. It is narrated that the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once criticized a man of al-Ansar who set free his slaves and no one was left for him, saying, ‘He has left behind small children to beg from people.’”
Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.
Commentary1 available source
الشارح لم يُعِد نصّ الحديث هنا؛ رُبط الشرح بترتيبه داخل الباب.
لا يوجد شرح متاح لهذا الحديث.
Hadith gradings
1- مجهول وآخره مرسلAllamah Baqir al-MajlisiMirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (23/16)
الهوامش2
[1]يعني انما الفضل في مثل هذه الميراث التي هي مظان الفضل من الهبة و الصدقة و الوصية بالثلث إذا لم تتضمن ضياع العيال و ضرار الورثة فإذا تضمن شيئا من ذلك فلا فضل فيه بل هو حرام كما مرّ و جاز للوصى إلى الحق.( فى)ص 9
[2]استكف و تكفف هو ان يمد كفه و يسأل الناس.ص 9