بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ
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سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ النَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ أَ وَاجِبٌ هُوَ عَلَى الْأُمَّةِ جَمِيعاً فَقَالَ لَا فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَ لِمَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَلَى الْقَوِيِّ الْمُطَاعِ الْعَالِمِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ مِنَ الْمُنْكَرِ لَا عَلَى الضَّعِيفِ الَّذِي لَا يَهْتَدِي سَبِيلًا إِلَى أَيٍّ مِنْ أَيٍّ يَقُولُ مِنَ الْحَقِّ إِلَى الْبَاطِلِ وَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَوْلُهُ وَ لْتَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ أُمَّةٌ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى الْخَيْرِ وَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ فَهَذَا خَاصٌّ غَيْرُ عَامٍّ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ مِنْ قَوْمِ مُوسى أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَ بِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ عَلَى أُمَّةِ مُوسَى وَ لَا عَلَى كُلِّ قَوْمِهِ وَ هُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ أُمَمٌ مُخْتَلِفَةٌ وَ الْأُمَّةُ وَاحِدَةٌ فَصَاعِداً كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ إِنَّ إِبْراهِيمَ كانَ أُمَّةً قانِتاً لِلَّهِ يَقُولُ مُطِيعاً لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَنْ يَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ فِي هَذِهِ الْهُدْنَةِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ إِذَا كَانَ لَا قُوَّةَ لَهُ وَ لَا عُذْرَ وَ لَا طَاعَةَ قَالَ مَسْعَدَةُ وَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي جَاءَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ الْجِهَادِ كَلِمَةُ عَدْلٍ عِنْدَ إِمَامٍ جَائِرٍ مَا مَعْنَاهُ قَالَ هَذَا عَلَى أَنْ يَأْمُرَهُ بَعْدَ مَعْرِفَتِهِ وَ هُوَ مَعَ ذَلِكَ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا.
Read English translationHide English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn
16. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas’adah ibn Sadaqah who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when asked about commanding others to do what is obligatory and prohibiting them from committing what is evil, whether this is obligatory upon the whole nation, saying, ‘No, it is not obligatory up on the whole nation.’ He (the Imam) was asked, ‘Why it is not obligatory upon the whole nation?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is obligatory only upon the strong ones who are obeyed and who know well what is obligatory and what is evil. It is not obligatory upon the weak ones who are not able to find the way - about what the facts are - to the truth and falsehood. The proof thereof is in the book of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, “Among you there must live a nation who must command to do what is obligatory and prohibit committing evil.” (3:104) This verse is of particular sense as opposed to a general sense, just as in the following verse: “Of the people of Moses, there is a nation who guide to the truth and with truth they issue judgments.” (7:158) Allah has not said, “It is obligatory upon the nation of Moses or upon his whole nation who in those days formed many nations.” Nation is also used to mean one person as well as to mean more than one person. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, “Ibrahim was a nation (person) very obedient to Allah.” (16:119) In peace-time when one is not able to enforce such commands it does not apply to his case. . . .’” “Mas’adah has said, ‘I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when asked about a Hadith narrated from the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, that said, “The best Jihad is saying a word of justice before an unjust Imam.” He (the Imam) said, “This is true when commanding to do good, he knows well about what is ‘good’ as well as knowing that he will accept his command in the matter, otherwise, it (asking to do good) is not obligatory.’””
Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.
الهوامش · 5⌄
[1]كأنّه من كلام الراوي و معناه انهم يدعون الناس من الحق إلى الباطل لعدم اهتدائهم سبيلا اليهما. و الأظهر من الحق إلى الباطل ليكون متعلقا بسبيلا فيكون داخلا تحت النفي و لعلّ الراوي ذكر حاصل المعنى.( فى)ص 60
[2]آل عمران: 104.ص 60
[3]الأعراف: 158. اى يهدون الناس محقين او بكلمة الحق و« به» أي و بالحق يعدلون بينهم في الحكم.ص 60
[4]النحل: 119.ص 60
[5]الهدنة- بضم الهاء-: الصلح و المراد بقوله عليه السلام هاهنا اي زمان صلحنا مع أهل البغى.ص 60