Usul16
الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

Printed-page view →

بَابُ اسْتِيمَارِ الْبِكْرِ وَ مَنْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ اسْتِيمَارُهَا وَ مَنْ لَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ‌

alkafi-9661

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

Show clickable narrator chain

لَا تَزَوَّجُ ذَوَاتُ الْآبَاءِ مِنَ الْأَبْكَارِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ آبَائِهِنَّ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from ibn abu ibn abu Ya’fur who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A virgin woman who has her father must not marry without his permission.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-9662

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ:

Show clickable narrator chain

لَا تُسْتَأْمَرُ الْجَارِيَةُ إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ أَبَوَيْهَا لَيْسَ لَهَا مَعَ الْأَبِ أَمْرٌ وَ قَالَ يَسْتَأْمِرُهَا كُلُّ أَحَدٍ مَا عَدَا الْأَبَ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘A virgin girl when living with her parents cannot appoint anyone to solemnize her marriage. In the absence of her father anyone can ask her to be appointed as her guardian.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]قال السيّد- رحمه اللّه- في شرح النافع: الظاهر أن المراد يستأمر الجارية كل أحد الا إذا كان لها اب فانها لا تستأمر كما يدلّ عليه أول الخبر و قال العلامة- رحمه اللّه-: يمكن أن يكون المراد بالابوين الأب و الجد و إذا كان المراد الأب و الام ففى الام محمول على الاستحباب و يمكن أن يقال في تلك الاخبار انها في غير البكر محمولة على الاستحباب ففى البكر أيضا كذلك و الا يلزم عموم المجاز.( آت)ص 393

alkafi-9663

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَ أُخْتَهُ قَالَ

Show clickable narrator chain

يُؤَامِرُهَا فَإِنْ سَكَتَتْ فَهُوَ إِقْرَارُهَا وَ إِنْ أَبَتْ لَمْ يُزَوِّجْهَا وَ إِنْ قَالَتْ زَوِّجْنِي فُلَاناً فَلْيُزَوِّجْهَا مِمَّنْ تَرْضَى وَ الْيَتِيمَةُ فِي حَجْرِ الرَّجُلِ لَا يُزَوِّجْهَا إِلَّا بِرِضَاهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Dawud ibn Sarhan who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who wants to give his sister in marriage. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must have her permission and if she remains quiet it is her affirmation. If she refuses he must not give her in marriage, if she says, “Give me in marriage to so and so” then he must give her in marriage to whom she has chosen. An orphan in the care of a man must not be given in marriage without her agreement.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]المشهور بين الاصحاب انه يكفى في اذن البكر سكوتها و لا يعتبر النطق و خالف ابن إدريس و لو ضحكت فهو اذن و نقل عن ابن البرّاج انه الحق بالسكوت و الضحك البكاء و هو مشكل و اما الثيب فيعتبر نطقها بلا خلاف و الحق العلامة بالبكر من زالت بكارتها بطفرة او سقط او نحو ذلك لان حكم الابكار انما يزول بمخالطة الرجال. و هو غير بعيد و ان كان الأولى اعتبار النطق في غير البكر مطلقا.( آت)ص 393

alkafi-9664

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي الْجَارِيَةِ يُزَوِّجُهَا أَبُوهَا بِغَيْرِ رِضًا مِنْهَا قَالَ

Show clickable narrator chain

لَيْسَ لَهَا مَعَ أَبِيهَا أَمْرٌ إِذَا أَنْكَحَهَا جَازَ نِكَاحُهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ كَارِهَةً قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَ أُخْتَهُ قَالَ يُؤَامِرُهَا فَإِنْ سَكَتَتْ فَهُوَ إِقْرَارُهَا وَ إِنْ أَبَتْ لَمْ يُزَوِّجْهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who gives his daughter in marriage to someone without her permission. He (the Imam) said, ‘With the existence of her father she has no say and commandments. If he gives her in marriage it is permissible even if she dislikes.’ He (the Imam) was asked about the case of a man who wants to give his sister in marriage. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must have her commandment, permission and if she remains quiet it is her affirmation and if she refuses he cannot give her in marriage.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]يدل على استقلال الأب.( آت)ص 394

alkafi-9665

حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ فَضْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

Show clickable narrator chain

لَا تُسْتَأْمَرُ الْجَارِيَةُ الَّتِي بَيْنَ أَبَوَيْهَا إِذَا أَرَادَ أَبُوهَا أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا هُوَ أَنْظَرُ لَهَا وَ أَمَّا الثَّيِّبُ فَإِنَّهَا تُسْتَأْذَنُ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ بَيْنَ أَبَوَيْهَا إِذَا أَرَادَا أَنْ يُزَوِّجَاهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from Ja’far ibn Sama‘ah from Aban from ibn Fadl ibn ‘Abd al-Malik who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The girl who is with her parents cannot appoint someone (to solemnize her marriage) when her father wants to give her in marriage; he is more careful than her. A woman for her second marriage must be asked for her permission if she lives with her parents and they want to give her in marriage.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-9666

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ قَالَ:

Show clickable narrator chain

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع- عَنِ الْجَارِيَةِ الصَّغِيرَةِ يُزَوِّجُهَا أَبُوهَا أَ لَهَا أَمْرٌ إِذَا بَلَغَتْ قَالَ لَا لَيْسَ لَهَا مَعَ أَبِيهَا أَمْرٌ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْبِكْرِ إِذَا بَلَغَتْ مَبْلَغَ النِّسَاءِ أَ لَهَا مَعَ أَبِيهَا أَمْرٌ قَالَ لَا لَيْسَ لَهَا مَعَ أَبِيهَا أَمْرٌ مَا لَمْ تَكْبَرْ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Salt who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’, Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a small girl whose father wanted to give her in marriage: if she had any commandment. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, with the existence of her father she has no commandments.’ I then asked about a virgin who has grown like other woman; if she has any commandment with her father. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, she does not have any commands with her father until she grows up.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]في بعض النسخ‌[ ما لم تثيب‌].ص 394

alkafi-9667

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ قَالَ:

Show clickable narrator chain

كَتَبَ بَعْضُ بَنِي عَمِّي إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي صَبِيَّةٍ زَوَّجَهَا عَمُّهَا فَلَمَّا كَبِرَتْ أَبَتِ التَّزْوِيجَ فَكَتَبَ بِخَطِّهِ لَا تُكْرَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ الْأَمْرُ أَمْرُهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan al-Ash’ariy who has said the following: “Certain ones of sons of my uncle wrote to abu Ja’far al-Thaniy (a.s.), asking about the small girl whom her uncle gave in marriage to someone and when she grew up she disagreed with the marriage. He (the Imam) wrote back in his own handwriting, ‘She must not be forced, and the command is her command.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]ظاهره أن مع التجويز تصح العقد و المشهور صحة النكاح الفضولى و توقفه مع الاجازة و ذهب الشيخ في النهاية إلى البطلان و الاخبار تدلّ على المشهور.( آت)ص 394

alkafi-9668

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ

Show clickable narrator chain

قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع‌ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ الْبِكْرِ إِذْنُهَا صُمَاتُهَا وَ الثَّيِّبِ أَمْرُهَا إِلَيْهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Nasr that Abul Hasan (as) said, "In the case of a virgin, her remaining quiet is her permission, and a woman for her second marriage has her own command and power of decision making."

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-9669

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ قَالَ:

Show clickable narrator chain

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع- عَنِ الصَّبِيَّةِ يُزَوِّجُهَا أَبُوهَا ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ وَ هِيَ صَغِيرَةٌ فَتَكْبَرُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا زَوْجُهَا أَ يَجُوزُ عَلَيْهَا التَّزْوِيجُ أَوِ الْأَمْرُ إِلَيْهَا قَالَ يَجُوزُ عَلَيْهَا تَزْوِيجُ أَبِيهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il ibn Bazi’ who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a small girl whose father gave her in marriage, but he died before her husband went to bed with her; if her marriage was permissible or it was it up to her to decide. He (the Imam) said, ‘Her father’s giving in marriage is permissible.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[4]يدل على سقوط ولاية الأب بمحض التزويج من غير دخول.( آت)ص 394