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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ فَيُطَلِّقُهَا أَوْ تَمُوتُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا أَوْ بَعْدَهُ فَيَتَزَوَّجُ أُمَّهَا أَوْ بِنْتَهَا

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ وَ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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الْأُمُّ وَ الِابْنَةُ سَوَاءٌ إِذَا لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا يَعْنِي إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ شَاءَ تَزَوَّجَ أُمَّهَا وَ إِنْ شَاءَ تَزَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj and Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A mother and daughter are the same if one has not gone to bed with her, that is, if one marries a woman then divorces her before going to bed with her, in such case it is permissible to marry her mother or her daughter.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ مُتْعَةً أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهَا قَالَ لَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who married a woman in manner of al-Mut‘ah; if it is permissible for him to marry her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not permissible.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَنَظَرَ إِلَى رَأْسِهَا وَ إِلَى بَعْضِ جَسَدِهَا أَ يَتَزَوَّجُ ابْنَتَهَا فَقَالَ لَا إِذَا رَأَى مِنْهَا مَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجُ ابْنَتَهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a man who married a woman and looks at her head and a few places of her body; if he could marry her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so when he has seen what is unlawful for people other than him to look at. It is not lawful for him to marry her daughter.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ قَالَ:

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كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَمَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا أَ يَتَزَوَّجُ بِأُمِّهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَدْ فَعَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا فَلَمْ نَرَ بِهِ بَأْساً فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا تَفْخَرُ الشِّيعَةُ إِلَّا بِقَضَاءِ عَلِيٍّ ع فِي هَذِهِ الشَّمْخِيَّةِ الَّتِي أَفْتَاهَا ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ ثُمَّ أَتَى عَلِيّاً ع فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ع مِنْ أَيْنَ أَخَذْتَهَا فَقَالَ مِنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ رَبائِبُكُمُ اللَّاتِي فِي حُجُورِكُمْ مِنْ نِسائِكُمُ اللَّاتِي دَخَلْتُمْ بِهِنَّ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُونُوا دَخَلْتُمْ بِهِنَّ فَلا جُناحَ عَلَيْكُمْ‌ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع إِنَّ هَذِهِ مُسْتَثْنَاةٌ وَ هَذِهِ مُرْسَلَةٌ وَ أُمَّهاتُ نِسائِكُمْ‌ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لِلرَّجُلِ أَ مَا تَسْمَعُ مَا يَرْوِي هَذَا عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ع فَلَمَّا قُمْتُ نَدِمْتُ وَ قُلْتُ أَيَّ شَيْ‌ءٍ صَنَعْتُ يَقُولُ هُوَ قَدْ فَعَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا فَلَمْ نَرَ بِهِ بَأْساً وَ أَقُولُ أَنَا قَضَى عَلِيٌّ ع فِيهَا فَلَقِيتُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَسْأَلَةُ الرَّجُلِ إِنَّمَا كَانَ الَّذِي قُلْتُ يَقُولُ كَانَ زَلَّةً مِنِّي فَمَا تَقُولُ فِيهَا فَقَالَ يَا شَيْخُ تُخْبِرُنِي أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع قَضَى بِهَا وَ تَسْأَلُنِي مَا تَقُولُ فِيهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya from Mansur ibn Hazim who has said the following: “Once I was with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when a man came and asked about the case of a man who married a woman but she died before going to bed with her; if he could marry her mother. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘A man from us had done so, thus I do not see it as unlawful.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, al-Shi’ah are only proud of the judgment of Ali (a.s.), on the issue of al-Shamakhiyah about which ibn Mas‘ud had given a Fatwa that said, “It is not harmful”, then he went to Ali (a.s.), and asked him (the Imam) and Ali (a.s.), asked, “From what source did you take it?” He (ibn Mas‘ud) replied, “I took it from the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . and those who grow in your care from your women with whom you have gone to bed but if you have not gone to bed with them (their mother) then it is not harmful for you . . .’ (4:23)” Ali (a.s.), said, “This (the case in this verse) is an exception (from woman married in general with or without sexual intercourse) and this one is free of such exceptions (that is she is divorced and there is no question about sexual intercourse) and ‘the mother of your women’ in the above verse.’” Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said to the man, ‘Do you hear what this man is narrating from Ali (a.s.) .’ When I stood up I regretted and said to myself, ‘What did I do?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘A man from us has done so, thus I do not see it as harmful,’ and I say, ‘Ali (a.s.), judged the issue.’ I then met him (the Imam) afterwards and said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, about the question of that man, my saying that “he says so and so” was a slip from me. What do you say about it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘O Shaykh, when you narrate to me that Ali (a.s.), judged the issue then why do you ask me about what I say on the case?”’ (One must consult fatwa about the above Hadith)

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[1]النساء: 23.ص 422

[2]قوله:« فى الشمخية» يحتمل أن يكون تسميتها بها لأنّها صارت سببا لافتخار الشيعة على العامّة و قال الوالد العلامة: إنّما و سمت المسألة بالشمخية بالنسبة إلى ابن مسعود فانه عبد اللّه بن مسعود ابن غافل بن حبيب بن شمخ. أو لتكبر ابن مسعود فيها عن متابعة أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام، يقال: شمخ بأنفه، و التقية ظاهر من الخبر انتهى. و أقول: أكثر علمائنا الإسلام على أن تحريم أمّهات النساء« بقية الحاشية في الصفحة الآتية»« بقية الحاشية من الصفحة الماضية» ليس مشروطا بالدخول بالنساء لقوله تعالى:« وَ أُمَّهاتُ نِسائِكُمْ» الشامل للمدخول بها و غيرها و الاخبار الواردة في ذلك كثيرة.( آت) و في هامش المطبوع: و لما جعل ابن مسعود قوله تعالى:« مِنْ نِسائِكُمُ اللَّاتِي دَخَلْتُمْ بِهِنَ‌ الآية» متعلقا بالمعطوف و المعطوف عليه جميعا و جعلهما مقيدين بالدخول ردّ عليه السلام بان المعطوف عليه مطلق و المعطوف مقيد و قوله عليه السلام ان هذه مستثناه اي مقيدة بالنساء اللاتى دخلتم بهن و قوله:« و هذه مرسلة» أي مطلقة غير مقيدة بالدخول و عدمه قال الشيخ- قدّس سرّه- في الاستبصار فهذان الخبران( أى هذا الخبر و خبر جميل و حماد) شاذان مخالفان لظاهر كتاب اللّه تعالى قال اللّه تعالى:« وَ أُمَّهاتُ نِسائِكُمْ» و لم يشترط الدخول بالبنت كما شرطه في الام لتحريم الربيبة فينبغي ان تكون الآية على اطلاقها و لا يلتفت إلى ما يخالفه و يضاده ممّا روى عنهم عليهم السلام ما اتاكم عنا فاعرضوه على كتاب اللّه فما وافق كتاب اللّه فخذوا به و ما خالفه فاطرحوه و يمكن أن يكون الخبران وردا على ضرب من التقية لان ذلك مذهب بعض العامّة انتهى.ص 422

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ قَالَ:

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سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَمَكَثَ أَيَّاماً مَعَهَا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُهَا غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ رَأَى مِنْهَا مَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُهَا أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهَا فَقَالَ أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ وَ قَدْ رَأَى مِنْ أُمِّهَا مَا قَدْ رَأَى‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Khalid ibn Jarir from abu al-Rabi‘ who has said the following: “About the case of a man who marries a woman and lives with her for many days, unable to do anything except that he has seen from her what is unlawful for others to see; then he divorces her; if he can marry her daughter. He (the Imam) said, ’How can it be proper for him when he has seen of her mother what he has seen?’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]حمل الشيخ و غيره هذا الخبر و خبر محمّد بن مسلم على الكراهة.( آت)ص 423