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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ كَرَاهِيَةِ الرَّهْبَانِيَّةِ وَ تَرْكِ الْبَاهِ‌

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ يَصُومُ النَّهَارَ وَ يَقُومُ اللَّيْلَ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مُغْضَباً يَحْمِلُ نَعْلَيْهِ حَتَّى جَاءَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ فَوَجَدَهُ يُصَلِّي فَانْصَرَفَ عُثْمَانُ حِينَ رَأَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا عُثْمَانُ لَمْ يُرْسِلْنِي اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِالرَّهْبَانِيَّةِ وَ لَكِنْ بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَنِيفِيَّةِ السَّهْلَةِ السَّمْحَةِ أَصُومُ وَ أُصَلِّي وَ أَلْمِسُ أَهْلِي فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ فِطْرَتِي فَلْيَسْتَنَّ بِسُنَّتِي وَ مِنْ سُنَّتِيَ النِّكَاحُ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy from ibn al-Qaddah who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once wife of ‘Uthman ibn Maz‘un came to the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, ‘Uthman, fasts during the day and stands up for Salat (prayer) during the night.’ The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, came out with anger carrying his shoes until he reached ‘Uthman and found him performing Salat (prayer). When ‘Uthman completed, he saw the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, who said to him, “O ‘Uthman, why did Allah not sent me to behave like a monk, however, He has sent me to be right-minded, planner and magnanimous. I fast, perform Salat (prayer) and touch my wife. Whoever likes my nature (culture) must adopt my Sunnah (manners) and of my Sunnah is marriage.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]قال في النهاية: الرهبانية هي من رهبنة النصارى و أصلها من الرهبة الخوف كانوا يترهبون بالتخلى من اشغال الدنيا و ترك ملاذّها و الزهد فيها و العزلة عن أهلها و تعمد مشاقها حتّى ان منهم من كان« بقية الحاشية في الصفحة الآتية»« بقية الحاشية من الصفحة الماضية» يخصى نفسه و يضع السلسلة في عنقه و غير ذلك من أنواع التعذيب فنفاها النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه و آله عن الإسلام و نهى المسلمين عنها. و عثمان بن مظعون- بالظاء المعجمة- ابن حبيب بن وهب بن حذافة بن جمح الجمحى- قال ابن إسحاق: أسلم بعد ثلاثة عشر رجلا، و هاجر الى الحبشة هو و ابنه السائب الهجرة الأولى في جماعة فلما بلغهم أن قريشا أسلمت رجعوا فدخل عثمان في جوار الوليد بن المغيرة ثمّ ذكر رده جواره و رضاء بما عليه النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه و آله و سلم و ذكر قصته مع لبيد بن ربيعة حين أنشد« ألا كل شي‌ء ما خلا اللّه باطل» فقال عثمان بن مظعون: صدقت فقال لبيد:« و كل نعيم لا محالة زائل» فقال عثمان: كذبت نعيم الجنة لا يزول فقام سفيه منهم إلى عثمان فلطم عينه فاخضرت. و في الصحيحين عن سعد بن أبي وقاص قال ردّ النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه و آله و سلم على عثمان بن مظعون التبتل و لو أذن له لاختصينا: و روى ابن شاهين و البيهقيّ في الشعب من طريق قدامة بن إبراهيم الجمحى عن عمر بن حسين عن عائشة بنت قدامة عن ابيها عن عمها قال: قلت يا رسول اللّه انى رجل تشق على العزوبة في المغازى فتأذن لي في الخصاء فاختصى؟ فقال:« لا، و لكن عليك يا ابن مظعون بالصوم» و روى البزار من طريق قدامة بن موسى عن أبيه عن جده قدامة ابن مظعون حديثا و قال لا اعلم له غيره، و في الصحيحين عن أم العلاء قالت: لما مات عثمان بن مظعون قلت: شهادتى عليك أبا السائب لقد اكرمك اللّه توفى بعد شهوده بدرا في السنة الثانية من الهجرة و هو أول من مات بالمدينة من المهاجرين و أول من دفن بالبقيع منهم، و روى الترمذي من طريق القاسم عن عائشة قالت: قبل النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه و آله و سلم عثمان بن مظعون و هو ميت و هو يبكى و عيناه تذرفان، و لما توفى إبراهيم بن النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه و آله و سلم قال:« الحق بسلفنا الصالح عثمان بن مظعون» و قالت امراة ترثيه:ص 494

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جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لِرَجُلٍ أَصْبَحْتَ صَائِماً قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَأَطْعَمْتَ مِسْكِيناً قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَارْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدَقَةٌ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Ja’far ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Qaddah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once asked a man, ‘Are you fasting this morning?’ The man replied, ‘No, I am not fasting.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) asked, ‘Have you fed a destitute person?’ He replied, ‘No, I have not done so.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) then said, ‘Go to your family, it will be a charity from you to them.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ مَعَهُ أَهْلُهُ فِي السَّفَرِ لَا يَجِدُ الْمَاءَ أَ يَأْتِي أَهْلَهُ قَالَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَخَافَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ‌ قَالَ قُلْتُ طَلَبَ بِذَلِكَ اللَّذَّةَ أَوْ يَكُونُ شَبِقاً إِلَى النِّسَاءِ قَالَ إِنَّ الشَّبِقَ يَخَافُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ- قُلْتُ يَطْلُبُ بِذَلِكَ اللَّذَّةَ قَالَ هُوَ حَلَالٌ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ يُرْوَى عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ص أَنَّ أَبَا ذَرٍّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ هَذَا فَقَالَ ائْتِ أَهْلَكَ تُؤْجَرْ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ آتِيهِمْ وَ أُوجَرُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كَمَا أَنَّكَ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ الْحَرَامَ أُزِرْتَ‌ فَكَذَلِكَ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ الْحَلَالَ أُوجِرْتَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ لَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ إِذَا خَافَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَأَتَى الْحَلَالَ أُوجِرَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who is on a journey with his wife and they cannot find water; if he can go to bed with his wife. He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not like it unless he is afraid for himself.’ I then asked, ‘Is it about the case of seeking to satisfy one’s lust or is about the case of pressing desire for women?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Pressing desire for women of one’s fear for one’s self.’ I then asked, ‘Can one seek thereby pleasure?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is lawful.’ I then asked, ‘It is narrated from the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, that once abu Dharr, may Allah grant him mercy, asked him about it and he (the Messenger of Allah) said, “You can go to your wife; you will be rewarded.” He asked, “O Messenger of Allah, I go to my wife and receive reward?” The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, said, “It is like when you commit an unlawful act; you have sinned, so also is the case of your doing a lawful act; you receive rewards.’” Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Consider when one fears his soul, then performs a lawful act; he then is rewarded.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 3

[1]ظاهره الكراهة و ظاهر بعض الاصحاب الحرمة.( آت)ص 495

[2]الشبق: الحرص على الجماع.ص 495

[1]لعله كان اوزرت فصحف أو قلب الواو همزة لمزاوجة أجرت.( آت)ص 496

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْجُعْفِيِّ قَالَ

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سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص دَخَلَ بَيْتَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَشَمَّ رِيحاً طَيِّبَةً فَقَالَ أَتَتْكُمُ الْحَوْلَاءُ فَقَالَتْ هُوَ ذَا هِيَ تَشْكُو زَوْجَهَا فَخَرَجَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْحَوْلَاءُ فَقَالَتْ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي إِنَّ زَوْجِي عَنِّي مُعْرِضٌ فَقَالَ زِيدِيهِ يَا حَوْلَاءُ قَالَتْ مَا أَتْرُكُ شَيْئاً طَيِّباً مِمَّا أَتَطَيَّبُ لَهُ بِهِ وَ هُوَ عَنِّي مُعْرِضٌ فَقَالَ أَمَا لَوْ يَدْرِي مَا لَهُ بِإِقْبَالِهِ عَلَيْكِ‌ قَالَتْ وَ مَا لَهُ بِإِقْبَالِهِ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ إِذَا أَقْبَلَ اكْتَنَفَهُ مَلَكَانِ فَكَانَ كَالشَّاهِرِ سَيْفَهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ جَامَعَ تَحَاتُّ عَنْهُ الذُّنُوبُ كَمَا يَتَحَاتُّ وَرَقُ الشَّجَرِ فَإِذَا هُوَ اغْتَسَلَ انْسَلَخَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from his father from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad al-Jawhariy from Ishaq ibn Ibrahim al-Al-Ju‘fiy who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once went to the house of ‘Umm Salamah, smelled a fine fragrance and asked, ’Had al-Hawla’ come to you?’ She replied, ’She is here, complaining against her husband.’ Al-Hawla then came out and said, ’I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, my husband turns away from me.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘Use more perfume, O Hawla’. She said, ‘I have not left any perfume without being tried to make him happy but he turns away from me.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) then said, ’I wish he learns what he receives by coming forward to you.’ She asked, ’What can he receive by being forthcoming to me?’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘If he comes to you he will be circled by two angels and he will be like one who has pulled his sword from its sheath in the way of Allah; and when he goes to bed with his wife, sins fall off of him like the falling of leaves from the tree and when he takes Ghusl (bath), he comes clean out of sins.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[2]يعني زينب العطارة و هي امرأة تصنع الطيب و تبيعه.ص 496

[3]أي لاقبل عليك فجواب الشرط محذوف أو يكون« لو» للتمنى او بادرت بالسؤال قبل اتمام الكلام.ص 496

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الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ الْمُسْتَرِقِّ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِنَّ ثَلَاثَ نِسْوَةٍ أَتَيْنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ إِحْدَاهُنَّ إِنَّ زَوْجِي لَا يَأْكُلُ اللَّحْمَ وَ قَالَتِ الْأُخْرَى إِنَّ زَوْجِي لَا يَشَمُّ الطِّيبَ وَ قَالَتِ الْأُخْرَى إِنَّ زَوْجِي لَا يَقْرَبُ النِّسَاءَ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَجُرُّ رِدَاءَهُ حَتَّى صَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِي لَا يَأْكُلُونَ اللَّحْمَ وَ لَا يَشَمُّونَ الطِّيبَ وَ لَا يَأْتُونَ النِّسَاءَ أَمَا إِنِّي آكُلُ اللَّحْمَ وَ أَشَمُّ الطِّيبَ وَ آتِي النِّسَاءَ فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ سُنَّتِي فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from abu Dawud al-Mustariq from certain persons of his people who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Three women came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, and one of them said, “My husband does not eat meat.” The other one said, “My husband does not smell perfume.” The other one said, “My husband does not go near the woman.” The Messenger of Allah came out while his gown dragged behind him until he climbed on the pulpit, praised Allah and glorified Him; then said, “What has happened to certain people of my companions who do not eat meat, smell perfume and do not go near women. I however, eat meat, smell perfumes and go to women, thus, those who disregard my Sunnah are not of my people.’””

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ أَبِي سَيَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَى فِطْرَتِي فَلْيَسْتَنَّ بِسُنَّتِي وَ إِنَّ مِنْ سُنَّتِيَ النِّكَاحَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan al-Shammun from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abd al- Rahman from Misma’ abu Sayyar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Whoever loves to follow my nature (culture), he must follow my Sunnah; and of my Sunnah is marriage.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.