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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الْمَمْلُوكِ يُعْتَقُ وَ لَهُ مَالٌ‌

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُعْتِقَ مَمْلُوكاً لَهُ وَ قَدْ كَانَ مَوْلَاهُ يَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ ضَرِيبَةً فَرَضَهَا عَلَيْهِ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ فَرَضِيَ بِذَلِكَ الْمَوْلَى وَ رَضِيَ بِذَلِكَ الْمَمْلُوكُ فَأَصَابَ الْمَمْلُوكُ فِي تِجَارَتِهِ مَالًا سِوَى مَا كَانَ يُعْطِي مَوْلَاهُ مِنَ الضَّرِيبَةِ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَدَّى إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ مَا كَانَ فَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ فَمَا اكْتَسَبَ بَعْدَ الْفَرِيضَةِ فَهُوَ لِلْمَمْلُوكِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ فَرَائِضَ فَإِذَا أَدَّوْهَا إِلَيْهِ لَمْ يَسْأَلْهُمْ عَمَّا سِوَاهَا قُلْتُ لَهُ فَمَا تَرَى لِلْمَمْلُوكِ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ مِمَّا اكْتَسَبَ وَ يُعْتِقَ بَعْدَ الْفَرِيضَةِ الَّتِي كَانَ يُؤَدِّيهَا إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَاجِبٌ ذَلِكَ لَهُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكاً مِمَّا اكْتَسَبَ سِوَى الْفَرِيضَةِ لِمَنْ يَكُونُ وَلَاءُ الْمُعْتَقِ قَالَ فَقَالَ يَذْهَبُ فَيَتَوَالَى إِلَى مَنْ أَحَبَّ فَإِذَا ضَمِنَ جَرِيرَتَهُ وَ عَقْلَهُ كَانَ مَوْلَاهُ وَ وَرِثَهُ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ لَيْسَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ قَالَ فَقَالَ هَذَا سَائِبَةٌ لَا يَكُونُ وَلَاؤُهُ لِعَبْدٍ مِثْلِهِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ ضَمِنَ الْعَبْدُ الَّذِي أَعْتَقَهُ جَرِيرَتَهُ وَ حَدَثَهُ أَ يَلْزَمُهُ ذَلِكَ وَ يَكُونُ مَوْلَاهُ وَ يَرِثُهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَا يَرِثُ عَبْدٌ حُرّاً.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, altogether, from Ibn Mahboub, from Umar Bin Yazeed who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about a man who intended to emancipated an owned slave of his, and his master had taken from him his earnings, which he had enforced upon him during every year. The master was pleased with that, and the slave was pleased with that. So the slave achieved wealth in his business besides what he used to give to his master, from the earning. So he asws said: ‘When he has paid off to his master what was necessitated upon him, so whatever he achieved after the enforcement, so it is for the slave’. Then Abu Abdullah asws said: ‘Is it not that Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic has Obligated the Obligations upon the servants. So when they fulfill these to Him azwj , He azwj does not Question them about what is besides that’. I said, ‘So what is your asws view, is it for the slave if he were to give in charity from what he earns, and he emancipates (a slave) after the enforced (amount) which he used to pay to his master?’ He asws said: ‘Yes, that (payment) is Obligated upon him’. I said, ‘So if the slave were to emancipate (a slave) from what he has earned besides the enforced (payment), so for whom would be the guardianship of the emancipated slave?’ So he asws said: ‘He would go and give his guardianship to the one he so likes to. So when he takes the responsibility of his crimes, and his intellect, he would be his master, and would inherit him’. I said to him asws , ‘Did not Rasool-Allah saww say: ‘The guardianship is for the one who emancipates?’ So he asws said: ‘He is an emancipated slave, his guardianship does not happen to be for a slave like him’. I said, ‘Supposing the slave were to take the responsibility for the one who emancipated him, for his crimes, and his actions, would that necessitate him, and he would become his master and inherit him?’ So he asws said: ‘That is not allowed, and a slave would not inherit a free man’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِذَا كَاتَبَ الرَّجُلُ مَمْلُوكَهُ وَ أَعْتَقَهُ وَ هُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالًا وَ لَمْ يَكُنِ اسْتَثْنَى السَّيِّدُ الْمَالَ حِينَ أَعْتَقَهُ فَهُوَ لِلْعَبْدِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Bukeyr, from Zurara, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘When the man contracts his owned slave, and emancipates him, and he knows that for him would be wealth, and did not happen to make an exclusion for the wealth when he emancipated him, so it is for the slave’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ عَبْداً لَهُ وَ لَهُ مَالٌ لِمَنْ مَالُ الْعَبْدِ قَالَ

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إِنْ كَانَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالًا تَبِعَهُ مَالُهُ وَ إِلَّا فَهُوَ لِلْمُعْتِقِ.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ عَبْداً لَهُ وَ لِلْعَبْدِ مَالٌ لِمَنِ الْمَالُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ‌ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ لَهُ مَالًا تَبِعَهُ مَالُهُ وَ إِلَّا فَهُوَ لَهُ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Abu Najran, from Muhammad, from Zurara who said, ‘I asked Abu Ja’far asws about a man who emancipated a slave of his, and for the slave is wealth. For whom is the wealth?’ He asws said: ‘If he knew that there is wealth for him, he would pursue his wealth, or else it would be for him (the slave)’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَرِيرٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِمَمْلُوكِهِ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ وَ لِي مَالُكَ قَالَ لَا يَبْدَأُ بِالْحُرِّيَّةِ قَبْلَ الْمَالِ يَقُولُ لَهُ لِي مَالُكَ وَ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ بِرِضَى الْمَمْلُوكِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Bin Khalid, from sa’ad, from Abu Jareer who said, ‘I asked Abu Al-Hassan asws about a man who said to his owned slave, ‘You are free, and for me is your wealth’. He asws said: ‘He would not begin with the freedom before the wealth. He should be saying to him, ‘For me is your wealth, and you are free’, with the pleasure of the slave, for that is more beloved to me asws ’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.