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بَابُ مِيرَاثِ الْقَاتِلِ‌

No. ١vol. 7 · page 140
alkafi-13467

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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لَا يَتَوَارَثُ رَجُلَانِ قَتَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Two people of whom one has killed the other cannot inherit each other.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

No. ٢vol. 7 · page 140
alkafi-13468

أَحْمَدُ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ أُمَّهُ أَ يَرِثُهَا قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي ع يَقُولُ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ ذُو رَحِمٍ قَتَلَ قَرِيبَهُ لَمْ يَرِثْهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id has narrated from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Sulayman who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has killed his mother; if he can inherit her. He (the Imam) said, ‘I heard my father (a.s.), saying, “Whoever of the relatives kills one of his relatives he cannot inherit from that relative.’””

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[2]كان نفى التوارث من الجانبين المتحقّق في ضمن حرمان القاتل فقط فان المقتول يرث من القاتل ان مات القاتل قبله.( آت)ص 140

No. ٣vol. 7 · page 140
alkafi-13469

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ:

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لَا يَرِثُ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا قَتَلَ وَلَدَهُ أَوْ وَالِدَهُ وَ لَكِنْ يَكُونُ الْمِيرَاثُ لِوَرَثَةِ الْقَاتِلِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Hadid all from Jamil ibn Darraj who has narrated the following: “One of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘A man who kills his son or father cannot inherit from him, but the legacy is for the heirs of the killer.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

No. ٤vol. 7 · pages 140-141
alkafi-13470

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ أُمَّهُ‌ قَالَ

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لَا يَرِثُهَا وَ يُقْتَلُ بِهَا صَاغِراً وَ لَا أَظُنُّ قَتْلَهُ بِهَا كَفَّارَةً لِذَنْبِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab fn abu ‘ Ubaydah who has narrated the following: “About the case of a man who kills his mother, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘He cannot inherit from her. Instead he is executed against his wishes and I do not think that his execution can remedy his sin.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

No. ٥vol. 7 · page 141
alkafi-13471

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ابْنَيْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا مِيرَاثَ لِلْقَاتِلِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad and ‘Abd Allah sons of Muhammad from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said that a murderer cannot receive inheritance.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

No. ٦vol. 7 · page 141
alkafi-13472

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ شَرِبَتْ دَوَاءً وَ هِيَ حَامِلٌ وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِذَلِكَ زَوْجُهَا فَأَلْقَتْ وَلَدَهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَظْمٌ وَ قَدْ نَبَتَ عَلَيْهِ اللَّحْمُ عَلَيْهَا دِيَةٌ تُسَلِّمُهَا لِأَبِيهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حِينَ طَرَحَتْهُ عَلَقَةً أَوْ مُضْغَةً فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً أَوْ غُرَّةً تُؤَدِّيهَا إِلَى أَبِيهِ قُلْتُ لَهُ فَهِيَ لَا تَرِثُ وَلَدَهَا مِنْ دِيَتِهِ مَعَ أَبِيهِ قَالَ لَا لِأَنَّهَا قَتَلَتْهُ فَلَا تَرِثُهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from ‘Ubaydah who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a woman who takes medicine when pregnant without informing her husband, and miscarries her child. He (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) said, ‘If the child had grown bones and flesh then the wergild is due on her which she must pay to the father; but if the miscarriage takes place when the fetus has just formed or is an embryo she owes forty dinars or a slave to the father.’ I then asked, ‘Is it the case that she cannot inherit with the father?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘She cannot inherit because she has killed the child, so she cannot inherit.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[1]في القاموس الغرة. بالضم-: العبد و الأمة.ص 141

No. ٧vol. 7 · page 141
alkafi-13473

الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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لَا يُقْتَلُ الرَّجُلُ بِوَلَدِهِ إِذَا قَتَلَهُ وَ يُقْتَلُ الْوَلَدُ بِوَالِدِهِ إِذَا قَتَلَ وَالِدَهُ وَ لَا يَرِثُ الرَّجُلُ أَبَاهُ إِذَا قَتَلَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ خَطَأً.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from certain persons of his people from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman from Fudayl ibn Yasar who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A man is not executed because of killing his son but a son is executed because of killing his father; and a man cannot inherit from his father after killing him even if it is by mistake.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[2]في المسالك ان كان القتل عمدا ظلما فلا خلاف في عدم الارث و إن كان بحق لم يمنع اتفاقا سواء جاز للقاتل تركه كالقصاص أو لا كرجم المحصن و إن كان خطأ ففى منعه مطلقا أو عدمه مطلقا او منعه من الدية خاصّة أقوال( آت)ص 141

No. ٨vol. 7 · page 141
alkafi-13474

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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الْمَرْأَةُ تَرِثُ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا وَ يَرِثُ مِنْ دِيَتِهَا مَا لَمْ يَقْتُلْ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asem ibn Humayd from Muhammad ibn Qays who has narrated the following: “Abu Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘A woman inherits from the wergild of her husband and her husband inherits from the wergild of his wife as long as one of them does not kill the other partner.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

No. ٩vol. 7 · page 141
alkafi-13475

الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَلْ لِلْمَرْأَةِ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا وَ هَلْ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ دِيَةِ امْرَأَتِهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ مَا لَمْ يَقْتُلْ أَحَدُهُمَا الْآخَرَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

9. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd Allah ibn abu Ya’fur who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), if a woman can receive anything from the wergild of her husband or a man can receive anything from the wergild of his wife anything. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, they can do so as long as one of them does not kill the other partner.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[3]اتفق الاصحاب على أن الزوجين لا يرثان القصاص و يرثان الدية.( آت)ص 141

No. ١٠vol. 7 · pages 141-142
alkafi-13476

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِذَا قَتَلَ الرَّجُلُ أَبَاهُ قُتِلَ بِهِ وَ إِنْ قَتَلَهُ أَبُوهُ لَمْ يُقْتَلْ بِهِ وَ لَمْ يَرِثْهُ. الْفَضْلُ بْنُ شَاذَانَ قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا ضَرَبَ ابْنَهُ غَيْرَ مُسْرِفٍ فِي ذَلِكَ يُرِيدُ تَأْدِيبَهُ فَقُتِلَ الِابْنُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الضَّرْبِ وَرِثَهُ الْأَبُ وَ لَمْ تَلْزَمْهُ الْكَفَّارَةُ لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ لِلْأَبِ لِأَنَّهُ مَأْمُورٌ بِتَأْدِيبِ وَلَدِهِ لِأَنَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْإِمَامِ يُقِيمُ حَدّاً عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَمَاتَ فَلَا دِيَةَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا يُسَمَّى الْإِمَامُ قَاتِلًا وَ إِنْ ضَرَبَهُ ضَرْباً مُسْرِفاً لَمْ يَرِثْهُ الْأَبُ فَإِنْ كَانَ بِالابْنِ جُرْحٌ أَوْ خُرَاجٌ فَبَطَّهُ الْأَبُ‌ فَمَاتَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِقَاتِلٍ وَ لَا كَفَّارَةَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ يَرِثُهُ لِأَنَّ هَذَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأَدَبِ وَ الِاسْتِصْلَاحِ وَ الْحَاجَةِ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ إِلَى ذَلِكَ وَ إِلَى شِبْهِهِ مِنَ الْمُعَالَجَاتِ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا كَانَ رَاكِباً عَلَى دَابَّةٍ فَأَوْطَأَتِ الدَّابَّةُ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أَخَاهُ فَمَاتَ لَمْ يَرِثْهُ وَ لَوْ كَانَ يَسُوقُ الدَّابَّةَ أَوْ يَقُودُهَا فَوَطِئَتِ الدَّابَّةُ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أَخَاهُ فَمَاتَ وَرِثَهُ وَ كَانَتِ الدِّيَةُ عَلَى عَاقِلَتِهِ لِغَيْرِهِ مِنَ الْوَرَثَةِ وَ لَمْ تَلْزَمْهُ الْكَفَّارَةُ وَ لَوْ أَنَّهُ حَفَرَ بِئْراً فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهِ أَوْ أَخْرَجَ كَنِيفاً أَوْ ظُلَّةً فَأَصَابَ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنْهَا وَارِثاً لَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ لَمْ تَلْزَمْهُ الْكَفَّارَةُ وَ كَانَتِ الدِّيَةُ عَلَى الْعَاقِلَةِ وَ وَرِثَهُ لِأَنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِقَاتِلٍ أَ لَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فِي حَقِّهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِقَاتِلٍ وَ لَا وَجَبَ فِي ذَلِكَ دِيَةٌ وَ لَا كَفَّارَةٌ فَإِخْرَاجُهُ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْ‌ءَ فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهِ لَيْسَ هُوَ بِقَتْلٍ لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ بِعَيْنِهِ يَكُونُ فِي حَقِّهِ فَلَا يَكُونُ قَتْلًا وَ إِنَّمَا أُلْزِمَ الدِّيَةَ فِي ذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَ فِي غَيْرِ حَقِّهِ احْتِيَاطاً لِلدِّمَاءِ وَ لِئَلَّا يَبْطُلَ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وَ كَيْلَا يَتَعَدَّى النَّاسُ حُقُوقَهُمْ إِلَى مَا لَا حَقَّ لَهُمْ فِيهِ وَ كَذَلِكَ الصَّبِيُّ وَ الْمَجْنُونُ لَوْ قَتَلَا لَوَرِثَا وَ كَانَتِ الدِّيَةُ عَلَى الْعَاقِلَةِ وَ الْقَاتِلُ يَحْجُبُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَرِثْ قَالَ وَ لَا يَرِثُ الْقَاتِلُ مِنَ الْمَالِ شَيْئاً لِأَنَّهُ إِنْ قَتَلَ عَمْداً فَقَدْ أَجْمَعُوا أَنَّهُ لَا يَرِثُ وَ إِنْ قَتَلَ خَطَأً فَكَيْفَ يَرِثُ وَ هُوَ تُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُ الدِّيَةُ وَ إِنَّمَا مُنِعَ الْقَاتِلُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ احْتِيَاطاً لِدِمَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَيْلَا يَقْتُلَ أَهْلُ الْمِيرَاثِ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً طَمَعاً فِي الْمَوَارِيثِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one kills his father, he is executed for him; but if his father kills him the father is not executed for his son’s murder, however he cannot inherit from him.’” [Note: The next few passages of the Arabic text are the words of Fadl ibn Shadhan and are not translated.]

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[1]أي شقه.ص 142