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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الرَّجُلِ يَقْطَعُ رَأْسَ مَيِّتٍ أَوْ يَفْعَلُ بِهِ مَا يَكُونُ فِيهِ اجْتِيَاحُ نَفْسِ الْحَيِ‌

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا قَالَ:

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أَتَى الرَّبِيعُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الْمَنْصُورَ وَ هُوَ خَلِيفَةٌ فِي الطَّوَافِ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ‌ مَاتَ فُلَانٌ مَوْلَاكَ الْبَارِحَةَ فَقَطَعَ فُلَانٌ مَوْلَاكَ رَأْسَهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ قَالَ فَاسْتَشَاطَ وَ غَضِبَ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِابْنِ شُبْرُمَةَ وَ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى وَ عِدَّةٍ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْقُضَاةِ وَ الْفُقَهَاءِ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي هَذَا فَكُلٌّ قَالَ مَا عِنْدَنَا فِي هَذَا شَيْ‌ءٌ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ يُرَدِّدُ الْمَسْأَلَةَ فِي هَذَا وَ يَقُولُ أَقْتُلُهُ أَمْ لَا فَقَالُوا مَا عِنْدَنَا فِي هَذَا شَيْ‌ءٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ قَدْ قَدِمَ رَجُلٌ السَّاعَةَ فَإِنْ كَانَ عِنْدَ أَحَدٍ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَعِنْدَهُ الْجَوَابُ فِي هَذَا وَ هُوَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ قَدْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْعَى فَقَالَ لِلرَّبِيعِ اذْهَبْ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْ لَهُ لَوْ لَا مَعْرِفَتُنَا بِشُغُلِ مَا أَنْتَ فِيهِ لَسَأَلْنَاكَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَنَا وَ لَكِنْ أَجِبْنَا فِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ فَأَتَاهُ الرَّبِيعُ وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ فَأَبْلَغَهُ الرِّسَالَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَدْ تَرَى شُغُلَ مَا أَنَا فِيهِ وَ قِبَلَكَ الْفُقَهَاءُ وَ الْعُلَمَاءُ فَسَلْهُمْ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَدْ سَأَلَهُمْ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُمْ فِيهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ قَالَ فَرَدَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَسْأَلُكَ إِلَّا أَجَبْتَنَا فِيهِ فَلَيْسَ عِنْدَ الْقَوْمِ فِي هَذَا شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع حَتَّى أَفْرُغَ مِمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ جَاءَ فَجَلَسَ فِي جَانِبِ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ فَقَالَ لِلرَّبِيعِ اذْهَبْ فَقُلْ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ قَالَ فَأَبْلَغَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالُوا لَهُ فَسَلْهُ كَيْفَ صَارَ عَلَيْهِ مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي النُّطْفَةِ عِشْرُونَ وَ فِي الْعَلَقَةِ عِشْرُونَ وَ فِي الْمُضْغَةِ عِشْرُونَ وَ فِي الْعَظْمِ عِشْرُونَ وَ فِي اللَّحْمِ عِشْرُونَ‌ ثُمَّ أَنْشَأْناهُ خَلْقاً آخَرَ وَ هَذَا هُوَ مَيِّتٌ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُنْفَخَ فِيهِ الرُّوحُ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ جَنِيناً قَالَ فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِالْجَوَابِ فَأَعْجَبَهُمْ ذَلِكَ وَ قَالُوا ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ فَسَلْهُ الدَّنَانِيرُ لِمَنْ هِيَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ أَمْ لَا فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَيْسَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ فِيهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ إِنَّمَا هَذَا شَيْ‌ءٌ أُتِيَ إِلَيْهِ فِي بَدَنِهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ يُحَجُّ بِهَا عَنْهُ أَوْ يُتَصَدَّقُ بِهَا عَنْهُ أَوْ تَصِيرُ فِي سَبِيلٍ مِنْ سُبُلِ الْخَيْرِ قَالَ فَزَعَمَ الرَّجُلُ أَنَّهُمْ رَدُّوا الرَّسُولَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَجَابَ فِيهَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِسِتٍّ وَ ثَلَاثِينَ مَسْأَلَةً وَ لَمْ يَحْفَظِ الرَّجُلُ إِلَّا قَدْرَ هَذَا الْجَوَابِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Husayn Bin Musa, from Muhammad Bin Al Sabbah, from onoe of our companions who said, ‘Al-Rabie came over to Abu Ja’far Al-Mansour and he was the caliph, during him being in the circumambulation. So he said to him, ‘O commander of the faithful! So and so slave of yours died last night, so and so slave of yours cut-off his head after his death’. So he was fuming and angry, and said to Ibn Shabrama, and Ibn Abu Layli, and a number who were with him, from the judges, ‘What are you all saying regarding this?’ So all of them said, ‘There is nothing with us with regards to this, anything’. So he repeated the question regarding this, and he was saying, ‘Shall I kill him or not?’ So they said, ‘There is nothing with us with regards to this, anything’. He (the narrator) said, ‘So, one of them said to him, ‘At the moment a man has set foot here, so if there was anyone who had anything with regards to this, the answer would be with him asws , and he asws is Ja’far asws Bin Muhammad asws , and he asws has entered into (performance of) Al-Sa’ee ’. So he said to Al-Rabie, ‘Go to him asws , and say to him asws , ‘Had we not know what you asws are occupied in, we would have asked you asws to come over, but answer us regarding such and such’. He (the narrator) said, ‘So Al-Rabie went over, and he asws was at Al-Marwa. So he delivered the message to him asws . So Abu Abdullah asws said to him: ‘You have seen what I asws am occupied in, and in front of you are the judges and the scholars, so ask them’. So he said to him asws , ‘He has asked them, and there did not happen to with anything with them regarding it’. So he asws responded (similarly) to him. So he said, ‘I ask you asws only to answer us with regards to it, for there is nothing with the people regarding this’. So Abu Abdullah asws said: ‘Until after I asws are free from what I asws am occupied in ( Al-Sa’ee )’. He (the narrator) said, ‘So when he asws was free, he asws came and sat by the side of the Sacred Masjid. He asws said to Al-Rabie: ‘Go and say to him, ‘Upon him is (wergild of) one hundred Dinars’. So he delivered that. So they said, ‘Ask him asws how it came to be one hundred Dinars upon him’. So Abu Abdullah asws said: ‘With regards to the seed is twenty, and regarding the clot is twenty, and regarding the lump is twenty, and regarding the bone is twenty, and regarding the flesh is twenty. The it grows to another creation, and this deceased is at its status, before the spirit has been Blown into it, in the belly of its mother, as a foetus’. He (the narrator) said, ‘So he returned to him and informed him of the answer. So that astounded them, and they said, ‘Return to him asws , and ask him asws about the Dinars, for who it is to be, for his (of the decapitated deceased) inheritors or not?’ So Abu Abdullah asws said: ‘There is not for his inheritors, anything. But rather this is a thing which came upon him in his body after his death. It would be (utilised for) performing Hajj on his behalf, or given in charity by it on his behalf, or it would be made to be in a way from the ways of the goodness’. He (the narrator) said, ‘The man claimed that the messenger returned (many a time), so Abu Abdullah asws answered regarding it with thirty-six questions, and the man did not memorise except to the measurement of this answer’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]استشاط عليه: التهب غضبه حتّى كاد أن يحترق.ص 348

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ:

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قَطْعُ رَأْسِ الْمَيِّتِ أَشَدُّ مِنْ قَطْعِ رَأْسِ الْحَيِ‌.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel, from someone else from our companions, Abu Abdullah asws has said: ‘Cutting-off of the head of the deceased is harsher than cutting a head of the living’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]أي في العقوبة الاخروية.( آت).ص 348

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ قَطَعَ رَأْسَ مَيِّتٍ فَقَالَ حُرْمَةُ الْمَيِّتِ كَحُرْمَةِ الْحَيِّ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from the one who informed him, Abu Abdullah asws , said, ‘I said, ‘A man cuts-off the head of a deceased’. So he asws said: ‘The sanctity of the dead is like the sanctity of the living’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَفْصٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ:

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سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَطَعَ رَأْسَ رَجُلٍ مَيِّتٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَرَّمَ مِنْهُ مَيِّتاً كَمَا حَرَّمَ مِنْهُ حَيّاً فَمَنْ فَعَلَ بِمَيِّتٍ فِعْلًا يَكُونُ فِي مِثْلِهِ اجْتِيَاحُ نَفْسِ الْحَيِّ فَعَلَيْهِ الدِّيَةُ فَسَأَلْتُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع فَقَالَ صَدَقَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَكَذَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص قُلْتُ فَمَنْ قَطَعَ رَأْسَ مَيِّتٍ أَوْ شَقَّ بَطْنَهُ أَوْ فَعَلَ بِهِ مَا يَكُونُ فِيهِ اجْتِيَاحُ نَفْسِ الْحَيِّ فَعَلَيْهِ دِيَةُ النَّفْسِ كَامِلَةً فَقَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ دِيَتُهُ دِيَةُ الْجَنِينِ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُنْشَأَ فِيهِ الرُّوحُ وَ ذَلِكَ مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ وَ هِيَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ وَ دِيَةُ هَذَا هِيَ لَهُ لَا لِلْوَرَثَةِ قُلْتُ فَمَا الْفَرْقُ بَيْنَهُمَا قَالَ إِنَّ الْجَنِينَ أَمْرٌ مُسْتَقْبِلٌ مَرْجُوٌّ نَفْعُهُ وَ هَذَا قَدْ مَضَى وَ ذَهَبَتْ مَنْفَعَتُهُ فَلَمَّا مُثِّلَ بِهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ صَارَتْ دِيَتُهُ بِتِلْكَ الْمُثْلَةِ لَهُ لَا لِغَيْرِهِ يُحَجُّ بِهَا عَنْهُ وَ يُفْعَلُ بِهَا أَبْوَابُ الْخَيْرِ وَ الْبِرِّ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهَا قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَرَادَ رَجُلٌ أَنْ يَحْفِرَ لَهُ لِيَغْسِلَهُ فِي الْحُفْرَةِ فَسَدِرَ الرَّجُلُ‌ مِمَّا يَحْفِرُ فَدِيرَ بِهِ فَمَالَتْ مِسْحَاتُهُ فِي يَدِهِ فَأَصَابَ بَطْنَهُ فَشَقَّهُ فَمَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ هَكَذَا فَهُوَ خَطَأٌ وَ كَفَّارَتُهُ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ أَوْ صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ أَوْ صَدَقَةٌ عَلَى سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً مُدٌّ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ بِمُدِّ النَّبِيِّ ص.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Hafs, from Al Husayn Bin Khalid who said, ‘Abu Abdullah asws was asked about a man who cut off the head of a dead man. So he asws said: ‘Allah azwj Mighty and Majestic has Sanctified from it for a dead just as He azwj has Sanctified from it for a living. So the one who deals with a dead with a deed which violates it is similar to violating a living. Thus, upon him would be the wergild’. So I asked Abu Al-Hassan asws about that, so he asws said: ‘Abu Abdullah asws spoke truthfully. Such is what Rasool-Allah saww said’. I said, ‘So the one who cut of the head of a dead, or pierces his belly, or does with him what happens to be a violation in it of a living soul, so upon him is the complete wergild of the soul?’ So he asws said: ‘No, but its wergild is the wergild of the foetus which is in the belly of its mother, before the spirit is Breathed into it, and that is one hundred Dinars, and it is for its (foetus’s) inheritors, while the wergild of this one (deceased), it is for him, not for his inheritors. I said, ‘So what is the difference between the two?’ He asws said: ‘The foetus is a matter of the future, its benefit is hoped for, and this one has passed and its benefit has gone. So when his is tortured with after his death, his wergild comes to be for the torture of his, not for someone else. It (wergild) would be utilised for performing Hajj with it on his behalf, and would be done with it from the doors of goodness and the righteousness, from charity or other than it.’ I said, ‘So if a man intends that he digs a grave for him in order to wash him in his grave, so the man shovel from what he digs, and the shovel in his hand touches his belly so it pierces. So what would be upon him?’ So he asws said: ‘When it is like that, so it is a mistake, and its expiation is the freeing of a neck, or Fasting for two months consecutively, or charity upon sixty poor ones, a handful ( Mudd ) for each poor, by a handful ( Mudd ) of the Prophet saww ’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]السدر- بالتحريك-: الدوران يعرض كثيرا لراكب البحر.ص 349