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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الْمَقْتُولِ لَا يُدْرَى مَنْ قَتَلَهُ‌

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِي رَجُلٍ وُجِدَ مَقْتُولًا لَا يُدْرَى مَنْ قَتَلَهُ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ عُرِفَ وَ كَانَ لَهُ أَوْلِيَاءُ يَطْلُبُونَ دِيَتَهُ أُعْطُوا دِيَتَهُ مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ لَا يَبْطُلُ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لِأَنَّ مِيرَاثَهُ لِلْإِمَامِ ع فَكَذَلِكَ تَكُونُ دِيَتُهُ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ وَ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ يَدْفِنُونَهُ قَالَ وَ قَضَى فِي رَجُلٍ زَحَمَهُ النَّاسُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي زِحَامِ النَّاسِ فَمَاتَ أَنَّ دِيَتَهُ مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad and Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, both together from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, and Abdullah Bin Bukeyr, both together, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen asws judged regarding a man who found a killed person and it was not known who killed him. He asws said: ‘If it was known and there were guardians who were seeking his wergild, they would be given his wergild from the public treasury of the Muslims, and the blood of a Muslim person would not be invalidated, because his inheritance is for the Imam asws . Thus, like that, his wergild would happen to be upon the Imam asws , and he asws would Pray over him, and bury him’. He asws said: ‘And he asws judged regarding a man who was crushed by the crowd in the throng of the people, so he said, ‘His wergild is from the public treasury of the Muslims’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَوَّارٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ:

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إِنَّ عَلِيّاً ع لَمَّا هَزَمَ طَلْحَةَ وَ الزُّبَيْرَ أَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ مُنْهَزِمِينَ فَمَرُّوا بِامْرَأَةٍ حَامِلٍ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَفَزِعَتْ مِنْهُمْ فَطَرَحَتْ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا حَيّاً فَاضْطَرَبَ حَتَّى مَاتَ ثُمَّ مَاتَتْ أُمُّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَمَرَّ بِهَا عَلِيٌّ ع وَ أَصْحَابُهُ وَ هِيَ مَطْرُوحَةٌ وَ وَلَدُهَا عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَسَأَلَهُمْ عَنْ أَمْرِهَا فَقَالُوا لَهُ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ حَامِلًا فَفَزِعَتْ حِينَ رَأَتِ الْقِتَالَ وَ الْهَزِيمَةَ قَالَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبِهِ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ ابْنَهَا مَاتَ قَبْلَهَا قَالَ فَدَعَا بِزَوْجِهَا أَبِي الْغُلَامِ الْمَيِّتِ فَوَرَّثَهُ مِنِ ابْنِهِ ثُلُثَيِ الدِّيَةِ وَ وَرَّثَ أُمَّهُ ثُلُثَ الدِّيَةِ ثُمَّ وَرَّثَ الزَّوْجَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ الْمَيِّتَةِ نِصْفَ ثُلُثِ الدِّيَةِ الَّذِي وَرِثَتْهُ مِنِ ابْنِهَا الْمَيِّتِ وَ وَرَّثَ قَرَابَةَ الْمَيِّتِ الْبَاقِيَ قَالَ ثُمَّ وَرَّثَ الزَّوْجَ أَيْضاً مِنْ دِيَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ الْمَيِّتَةِ نِصْفَ الدِّيَةِ وَ هُوَ أَلْفَانِ وَ خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا وَلَدٌ غَيْرُ الَّذِي رَمَتْ بِهِ حِينَ فَزِعَتْ قَالَ وَ أَدَّى ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْبَصْرَةِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Hammad Bin Isa, from Sawwar, from Al Hassan who said, ‘When Ali asws defeated Talha and Al-Zubeyr, the people came back defeated, so they passed by a pregnant woman upon the road. So she panicked from them, and aborted what was in her belly, alive. So it was restless until it died. Then its mother died from after it’. So Ali asws and his companions passed by her and she and her child were lying upon the road. So he asws asked them about her matter, so they said to him asws , ‘She was pregnant, so she panicked when she was the fighting and the defeat’. So he asws asked them: ‘Which of the two died before its companion?’ So they said, ‘Her son dies before her’. So he asws called for her husband, father of the deceased boy, so he asws made him inherit two-thirds wergild from his son, and her mother to inherit one-third of his wergild. Then the husband inherited from his dead wife, half of the wergild which she had inherited from her dead son, and the relatives of the deceased inherited the remainder’. He (the narrator) said, ‘Then the husband inherited as well from the wergild of the deceased wife, half the wergild, and it was two thousand and five hundred Dirhams, and that is because there did not happen to be any child for her except for the one who had been thrown with, when she had panicked’. He (the narrator) said, ‘And he asws (Amir Al-Momineen asws ) paid all of that from the public treasury of the Muslims’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]الظاهر من حال الاسناد كون الخبر مرسلا لسقوط الواسطة بين حماد بن عيسى و سوار( فضل اللّه الإلهي) أقول: و رواية سوار أيضا عن الحسن مرسلة لبعد زمانه عنه عليه السلام كما في جامع الرواة.ص 354

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع أَنَّ مَا أَخْطَأَتِ الْقُضَاةُ فِي دَمٍ أَوْ قَطْعٍ فَعَلَى بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Fazzal, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub, from Abu Maryam, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen asws judged that whatever erroneous judgement (is made) regarding blood, or cutting, so it is upon the public treasury of the Muslims’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَالَ:

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مَنْ مَاتَ فِي زِحَامِ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ أَوْ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ أَوْ عَلَى جِسْرٍ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ قَتَلَهُ فَدِيَتُهُ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Shamoun, from Abdullah Bin Abdul Rahman, from Misma’a, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws that Amir Al-Momineen asws said: ‘The one who dies in the throng (crowd) of the people on the day of Friday, or day of Arafaat, or upon a bridge, not being know who killed him, so his wergild is upon the public treasury’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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ازْدَحَمَ النَّاسُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي إِمْرَةِ عَلِيٍّ ع بِالْكُوفَةِ فَقَتَلُوا رَجُلًا فَوَدَى دِيَتَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Ayoub, from Muhammad Bin Muslim, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws having said: ‘(Whenever) the people thronged on the day of Friday during the emirate of Ali asws at Al-Kufa, so a man got killed, his wergild was paid to his family from the public treasury of the Muslims’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ لَيْسَ فِي الْهَائِشَاتِ عَقْلٌ‌ وَ لَا قِصَاصٌ وَ الْهَائِشَاتُ الْفَزْعَةُ تَقَعُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ فَيُشَجُّ الرَّجُلُ فِيهَا أَوْ يَقَعُ قَتِيلٌ لَا يُدْرَى مَنْ قَتَلَهُ وَ شَجَّهُ وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فَوَدَاهُ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen asws said: ‘There is no compensation (to be paid) by relative with regards to the mischief, nor retaliation, and the mischievous terrifying, occurring by the night and the day, so the man is scarred during it, or falls being killed, not known who killed him and scarred him’. And Abu Abdullah asws said, in another Hadeeth, raising it to Amir Al-Momineen asws : ‘So it would be paid from the public treasury’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]الهيش الفتنة« و ليس في الهايشات قود» أي في القتيل في الفتنة لا يدرى قاتله( القاموس).ص 355