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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الْعُقُوقِ‌

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ حَدِيدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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أَدْنَى الْعُقُوقِ أُفٍّ وَ لَوْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ شَيْئاً أَهْوَنَ مِنْهُ لَنَهَى عَنْهُ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Hadid ibn Hakim from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Minimum of al-‘Uquq, (to cause disappointment) is to say ‘Uff (expression of disapproval). Had Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, known anything expressing a lesser degree of disappointment than this ‘Uff, He would have prohibited it.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]في المصباح قال أصل العق الشق يقال عق ثوبه كما يقال شقه بمعناه و منه يقال: عق الولد أباه عقوقا من باب قعد إذا عصاه و ترك الإنسان إليه فهو عاق.ص 348

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ كُنْ بَارّاً وَ اقْتَصِرْ عَلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ عَاقّاً فَظّاً فَاقْتَصِرْ عَلَى النَّارِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from abu al-Hassan (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Be good (to parents), you will have paradise, if you cause suffering (to parents) and are hardheaded, then be prepared to suffer in the fire.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]أي اكتف بها.ص 348

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْسِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنْ صَالِحٍ الْحَذَّاءِ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ كُشِفَ غِطَاءٌ مِنْ أَغْطِيَةِ الْجَنَّةِ فَوَجَدَ رِيحَهَا مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ رُوحٌ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ خَمْسِمِائَةِ عَامٍ إِلَّا صِنْفٌ وَاحِدٌ قُلْتُ مَنْ هُمْ قَالَ الْعَاقُّ لِوَالِدَيْهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Kufi from ‘Ubays ibn Hisham from Salih al-Hadhdha’ from Ya’qub ibn Shu’ayb from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “When it will be the Day of Judgment a curtain of the curtains of paradise will rise and everything with a spirit will sense its fragrance from a distance of a five hundred years journey except one group of people.’ I (the narrator) has said that then asked, ‘Who is that group?’ The Imam said, ‘It is those who cause suffering and disappointments to their parents. ’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ فَوْقَ كُلِّ ذِي بِرٍّ بَرٌّ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ الرَّجُلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَلَيْسَ فَوْقَهُ بِرٌّ وَ إِنَّ فَوْقَ كُلِّ عُقُوقٍ عُقُوقاً حَتَّى يَقْتُلَ الرَّجُلُ أَحَدَ وَالِدَيْهِ فَإِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ فَوْقَهُ عُقُوقٌ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfali from al-Sakuni from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Over and above every virtuous deed there is a virtuous deed, up to a man’s accepting martyrdom and being killed for the cause of Allah. When he is killed for the cause of Allah, then there is no virtuous deed over and above it. Also, over and above every sin of causing suffering and disappointment to parents there is another sin until a man murders one of his parents, and when he does this there is nothing above this sin in the sins of causing suffering to parents.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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مَنْ نَظَرَ إِلَى أَبَوَيْهِ نَظَرَ مَاقِتٍ وَ هُمَا ظَالِمَانِ لَهُ لَمْ يَقْبَلِ اللَّهُ لَهُ صَلَاةً.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Isma’il ibn Mehran from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “If one looks with anger to his parents when they are unjust to him, Allah will not accept any of his prayers.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ فُرَاتٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فِي كَلَامٍ لَهُ‌ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ عُقُوقَ الْوَالِدَيْنِ فَإِنَّ رِيحَ الْجَنَّةِ تُوجَدُ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ أَلْفِ عَامٍ وَ لَا يَجِدُهَا عَاقٌّ وَ لَا قَاطِعُ رَحِمٍ وَ لَا شَيْخٌ زَانٍ وَ لَا جَارُّ إِزَارِهِ خُيَلَاءَ إِنَّمَا الْكِبْرِيَاءُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from Muhammad ibn Ali from Muhammad ibn Furat from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said in one of his speeches, ‘Beware of causing suffering and disappointment to parents. The fragrance of paradise can be sensed from a distance of a one thousand year journey, but those causing suffering and disappointments to parents, those failing to maintain good relations with relatives, an old fornicating man and one who drags his garments out of arrogance and boastfulness will not sense such fragrance. Greatness belongs only to Allah, Lord of the worlds.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]يطلق الازار غالبا على الثوب الذي يشد على الوسط تحت الرداء و جفاة العرب كانوا يطيلون الازار فيجر على الأرض( آت).ص 349

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عَنْهُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلَادِ السُّلَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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لَوْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ شَيْئاً أَدْنَى مِنْ أُفٍّ لَنَهَى عَنْهُ وَ هُوَ مِنْ أَدْنَى الْعُقُوقِ وَ مِنَ الْعُقُوقِ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى وَالِدَيْهِ فَيُحِدَّ النَّظَرَ إِلَيْهِمَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from Yahya ibn Ibrahim ibn abu al-Balad al-Sullami from his father from his grand father from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Had Allah known anything expressing a lesser degree of disappointment than ‘Uff, He would have prohibited to use it against parents. Using the expression ‘Uff is the minimum form of causing suffering and disappointment to parents. Of the cases of causing suffering and disappointment to parents is one’s look and staring at them.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ‌ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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إِنَّ أَبِي نَظَرَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ وَ مَعَهُ ابْنُهُ يَمْشِي وَ الِابْنُ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى ذِرَاعِ الْأَبِ قَالَ فَمَا كَلَّمَهُ أَبِي ع مَقْتاً لَهُ حَتَّى فَارَقَ الدُّنْيَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

8. Ali has narrated from his father from Harun ibn al-Jahm from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sulayman from abu la’ far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Once, my father saw a man walking with his son who was leaning against his father’s arm. My father in dislike never spoke to him until he left this world.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]في بعض النسخ‌[ عنه عن أبيه‌] و في بعضها[ على بن إبراهيم، عن أبيه‌].ص 349

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَسِّنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ حَدِيدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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أَدْنَى الْعُقُوقِ أُفٍّ وَ لَوْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَيْسَرَ مِنْهُ لَنَهَى عَنْهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

9. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhsin ibn Ahmad from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Hadid ibn Hakim from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘The minimum form of causing suffering and disappointment to parents is the expression, ‘Uff. Had Allah known anything less disappointing than ‘Uff, He would have prohibited it.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]قال المحقق الأردبيليّ- قدّس سرّه- العقل و النقل يدلان على تحريم العقوق و يفهم وجوب متابعة الوالدين و طاعتهما من الآيات و الاخبار و صرّح به بعض العلماء. و قال الفقهاء للوالدين منع الولد عن الغزو و الجهاد ما لم يتعين عليه بتعيين الإمام عليه السلام او بهجوم الكفّار على المسلمين مع ضعفهم و كذا يعتبر اذنهما في سائر الاسفار المباحة و المندوبة و في الواجبة الكفائية مع قيام من فيه الكفاية فالسفر لطلب العلم ان كان لمعرفة العلم الواجب العينى كإثبات الواجب تعالى و نحو ذلك لم يفتقر الى اذنهما و إن كان لتحصيل الزائد منه كان فرضه كفاية. و قال الشهيد رحمه اللّه في القواعد:ص 349