Tacit and Explicit Testimony as proof of al-Hassan ibn Ali’s (a.s.) Divine Authority over the people after Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.)

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar from abu Basir who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), saying, ‘The sun does not shine on anything (other days) more excellent than Friday.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from 'Abd al-Samad ibn Bashir from Abu al-Jarud from Abu Ja‘far (a.s.) who has said the following: “When Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.) was about to leave this world, he called his son, al-Hasan (a.s.) saying, 'Come very close to me so I can speak to you secretly just as the Messenger of Allah did to me and entrust you with all that he entrusted me with.' and he did so.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn al- Suwayd from ’Abd Allah ibn Sinan from Hafs al-Bakhtariy from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘On Fridays, prominent angels come down with paper of silver and pens of gold and sit on the doors of Masjids on chairs of light and write people according to their grades such as first, second . . . until the Imam (prayer leader) comes out. When he comes out they (angels) roll up their pages and do not descend again until next Friday.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sayf ibn ‘Amayra from Abu Bakr al-Hadrami who has said that al-Ajlah, Salamah ibn Kuhayl, Dawud ibn Abu Yazid and Zayd al-Yamami all narrated from Shahr ibn Hawshab who has said the following: “When Ali (a.s.) was about to leave for Kufa he left in Umm Salama’s trust his books and his will. When al-Hassan (a.s.) returned to Medina she delivered all of them to him.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Ahmad has narrated from al-Husayn from al-Nadr ibn al-Suwayd from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah loved it, when traveling or coming home in winter, to be on Friday nights.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has also said, ‘Allah has chosen something from everything. From days He has chosen Friday.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sayf from Abu Bakr from Abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following: “When Ali (a.s.) was about to leave for Kufa he left in ’Umm Salama’s trust his books and his will. When al-Hasan (a.s.) returned to Medina she delivered all of them to him.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. The narrator of previous Hadith has also narrated from al-Nadr from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The hour of Friday wherein prayers are answered is the time when the prayer leader completes the sermons, until people get ready in rows for Salah (prayer). The other hour is the time at the end of the day to sunset.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

6. Al-Husayn ibn al-Hasan al-Hassani has narrated in a Marfu‘ manner, rafa‘ahu, and Muhammad ibn al-Hassan from Ibrahim ibn Ishaq al-Ahmari has narrated in a marfu‘ manner, (rafa‘ahu) the following: “When Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.) was injured the visitors crowded around him saying, “O Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.), (please, grant us) your directive will.' The Imam then said, 'You must fold the pillow for me (to help me sit so I can speak).' He then said, 'All praise belongs to Allah, as He is worthy of it. We follow (obey) His commands. I praise Him just as He has loved it. No one deserves to be worshipped and obeyed except Allah, Who is One, the only One. The Self-sufficient is His own description of His Ownself. O people, every man, in his running away, comes face to face with the very thing from which he runs away so badly (namely his death). The appointed time (to die) is the driver of the soul to such time. In other words, running away from death is rushing to find it. How many days have come and gone in which I searched for the secret in this matter, however, Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, disdains to do anything else, but to keep it secret. It certainly is beyond comprehension; it is hidden knowledge. Of my directive will to you is that you must not consider anything similar to Allah, Great is Whose praise. You must not disregard the Sunnah (traditions) of Prophet Muhammad (s.w). Keep these two pillars straight and light up these two beacons. You will not face any blame as long as you do not disperse (but remain united). Every man is held responsible for what he assiduously gains. Ignorant, (the lay) people's burden is held light and reduced. The Lord is Merciful, the Imam is knowledgeable and religion is a constructive system. Yesterday I was your companion, today (I am) a lesson (one's death is the best lesson) for you to learn and tomorrow I will depart from you. If one's feet can remain firm at this slippery position (despite the fragility of life) then that is the goal. However, if the feet wavered (and failed to hang on to life) it is because we live under the short-lived shadows of the branches, in the blowing winds, under the thin cover of dissipating clouds in the air and disappearing traces (shrinking resources) on the land. "I was your neighbor that lived along with you with my body for a number of days. You will soon escort my dead body (to the grave). It will be a motionless body that once moved, and a silent one that once spoke (so sweetly). My silence, my closed eyes and my motionless limbs must be thought of as the best preachers. They are far better preachers to you than an eloquent orator is. I have said farewell to you as the one who expects reunion. Tomorrow you will see my days and Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, will reveal my secrets. You will know me better when you find my place vacant and see others holding my position. If I survive I will be the authority for my own self but if I die then death is my destination. If I forgive (my assassin) then forgiveness is a means of getting closer (to Allah) and for you it is a good deed. You must forgive and ignore. Do you not like it that Allah will forgive you? How great is the sorrow for the neglectful one, whose life will be testimony for his own condemnation or his days lead him to misfortune. May Allah place you and us among those who do not fall short in life in matters of obedience to Allah due to their desire (to obey Him) or for fear of suffering after death. We are only for Him and with Him.' Then he turned to al-Hassan (a.s.) and said, 'My son, one strike for one strike, you will not be in sin.'"

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hassan from Ali ibn Ibrahim al-‘Aqili, in a marfu‘ manner, (yarfa‘uhu) has said the following: “When Ibn Muljam injured Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.) he (Ali) said to al-Hassan (a.s.), 'My son, If I will die, kill Ibn Muljam, dig the ground for him in al-Kunasa (name of a place) and throw him therein. (According to ‘Aqili’s description al-Kunasa is at the gate called ‘Taq al-Mahamil’ where people cook animals’ legs and heads for food) It is a valley of the valleys of Hell.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Musa from al-‘ Abbas ibn The Ma’ruf from ibn abu Najran from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from ibn abu Ya‘fur from abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, in answer to a question, ’How was Friday called Friday?’ The Imam said, ’Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, brought His creatures under the Divine Authority of Muhammad (a.s.), and the Executor of his will during “the divine Covenant session”, and that session was called “al-Jumu‘ah” (the assembly) because of His calling His creatures together.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn al-Nu‘man from ‘Umar ibn Yazid from Jabir who has said the following: “Someone asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about Friday and its night. The Imam replied, ’Friday night is the finest; its day is brilliant. There is no other day in which sunset takes place with as many rescued from the fire as is on Friday. If one dies on Friday while fully acknowledging the rights of Ahl al-Bayt (people of this house), Allah writes for him the certificate of freedom from the fire and punishment. If one dies on a Friday night, he is set free from the fire.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Khalid from al-Nadr ibn al-Suwayd from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Allah has given excellence to Friday over other days. On Friday, decoration and beautification takes place in paradise for those who attend it (Friday). You race to paradise proportionate to the degree of your attending Friday. On Friday the doors of heavens open for the deeds of servants (of Allah).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

10. Ali ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Hassan have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Mufaddal ibn Salih from Jabir ibn Yazid who has said the following: “I asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, ‘Hasten to remember Allah. . . .’ (62:9). He replied, ‘It means do good deeds and do it promptly; it is a busy day for the Muslims. The reward for the deeds of the Muslims is proportionate to the degree of its business. Both good and bad deeds double on this day.’ The narrator has said that abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘By Allah, I have received reports that the companions of the Holy Prophet would prepare themselves on Thursday for Friday; it is a busy day for the Muslims.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Ibrahim ibn abu al-Balad from certain individuals of his people who have said the following: “Abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘There is no other day on which sun shines more excellent than Friday. The words of birds, on meeting each other, on this day are, “Peace, peace. It is a good day.’””

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the hour on Friday in which prayer of a believing person is answered. He replied, ‘Yes, it is the time when the Imam comes out.’ I then said, ‘Imam may come early or late.’ He said, ‘It is when the sun declines toward the west at midday.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

13. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Muhammad ibn ‘Adhafir from ‘Umar ibn Yazid who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said to me, ‘O ‘Umar, on Friday nights angels by the number of atoms come to earth with pens of gold and papers of silver in their hands. They write no other thing until Saturday except about Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family a compensation worthy of their serving Your cause). I pray to Allah to grant them such rewards. You should say, “Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family a compensation worthy of their serving Your cause) a great deal.” The Imam also said, ‘O ‘Umar, it is of the Sunnah (tradition the Holy Prophet) to say, “Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family a compensation worthy of their serving Your cause)” every Friday one thousand times and one hundred times on other days.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

14. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his brother, Ishaq ibn Ibrahim, from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il ibn Bazi‘ who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), ‘Is it true, as I have heard that Friday is the shortest day?’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Amr ibn Shimr from Jabur from abu Ja‘far (a.s.) who has said the following. “Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.) made his directive will to al-Hassan (a.s.) and asked al-Husayn (a.s.), Muhammad, all his sons, the leaders among his followers and the whole of his family to bear testimony. He then delivered to him the Book and the Armament. He then said to his son, al-Hassan (a.s.), “My son, the Messenger of Allah commanded me to entrust you with my directive will. (He commanded me) to deliver to you my books, and my armament just as the Messenger of Allah entrusted me with his directive will and delivered his books and armament to me. He commanded me to command you to deliver them all to your brother, al-Husayn (a.s.) when time for you to leave this world will come. Then he turned to his son, al-Husayn (a.s.) and said, “the Messenger of Allah has commanded you to deliver it all to your son, this one. He then held with his hand Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) and said to him, “My son, the Messenger of Allah has commanded you to deliver it all to your son, Muhammad ibn Ali (a.s.) and convey to him the Islamic greeting of the Messenger of Allah and my Islamic greeting.” He then turned to his son, al-Hassan (a.s.) and said, “My son, you are the Leader with Divine Authority and the authority in the matter of the spilled blood. Were you to forgive it would be for you. Were you to retaliate then one strike for an strike you would not be in sin.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan al-Rida, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Friday is the master of days. On this day Allah increases good deeds and obliterates bad deeds, raises the degrees, answers prayers, removes hardships and makes great wishes come true. It is the day wherein Allah increases the number of those He emancipates and sets free from fire. Whoever prays in this day to Allah with full knowledge of His rights and respect, it then becomes necessary for Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, to emancipate and free him from the fire. If he dies on this day or night, he has died a martyr and will be resurrected with full protection. Whoever neglects to respect Him and fails to observe His right, it then becomes a right upon Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, to make him feel the heat of hell unless he repents.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘For Friday there are rights and respect, you must not fail to observe them or have shortcomings in worshipping Allah or in striving to become nearer to Him through good deeds and through refraining from all prohibited matters. Allah on this day increases good deeds, obliterates bad deeds and raises degrees of excellence.’ The narrator has said that the Imam then said, ‘Friday night is like its day. If you can, stay awake all night in Salah (prayer) and supplication; your Lord in the beginning of Friday night (commands an angel who) descends to the first heaven, (he) increases good deeds, obliterates bad deeds and Allah’s kindness is vast and graceful.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.