سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع- عَنْ بَيْعِ الْعَصِيرِ فَيَصِيرُ خَمْراً قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْبَضَ الثَّمَنُ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَوْ بَاعَ ثَمَرَتَهُ مِمَّنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ يَجْعَلُهُ حَرَاماً لَمْ يَكُنْ بِذَلِكَ بَأْسٌ فَأَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ عَصِيراً فَلَا يُبَاعُ إِلَّا بِالنَّقْدِ[2].
’If he sells fruits to one about whom the seller knows that he turns it into something unlawful, selling is not unlawful. If it is juice then it cannot be sold except for cash.’”
لَا يَصْلُحُ ثَمَنُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ أَهْدَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص رَاوِيَتَيْنِ مِنْ خَمْرٍ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَأُهَرِيقَتَا وَ قَالَ إِنَّ الَّذِي حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا حَرَّمَ ثَمَنَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ خِصَالِ هَذِهِ الَّتِي بَاعَهَا الْغُلَامُ أَنْ يُتَصَدَّقَ بِثَمَنِهَا[3].
“About the case of a man who has a slave whom he has left at a vineyard to sell grapes or juice, but the slave goes and squeezes wine and sells it, abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ’The price received is not useable.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Once a man from Thaqif presented to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْعَصِيرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْلِيَ لِمَنْ يَبْتَاعُهُ لِيَطْبُخَهُ أَوْ يَجْعَلَهُ خَمْراً قَالَ إِذَا بِعْتَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَكُونَ خَمْراً وَ هُوَ حَلَالٌ فَلَا بَأْسَ.
“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the price of juice before it boiled for one who wanted to buy it so he could cook or make wine out of it. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you sell before it is wine and it is lawful, then selling is not unlawful.’”
كَرِهَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بَيْعَ الْعَصِيرِ بِتَأْخِيرٍ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), disliked selling juice for deferred payment.”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ نَصْرَانِيٍّ أَسْلَمَ وَ عِنْدَهُ خَمْرٌ وَ خَنَازِيرُ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ هَلْ يَبِيعُ خَمْرَهُ وَ خَنَازِيرَهُ فَيَقْضِيَ دَيْنَهُ فَقَالَ لَا.
“I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a Christian man who had become a Muslim and he, in his possession, had wine and pigs and he owed debts; if he could sell the wine and pigs to pay off his debts. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ بَيْعِ عَصِيرِ الْعِنَبِ مِمَّنْ يَجْعَلُهُ حَرَاماً فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ تَبِيعُهُ حَلَالًا فَيَجْعَلُهُ [ذَاكَ] حَرَاماً فَأَبْعَدَهُ اللَّهُ وَ أَسْحَقَهُ[2].
“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about selling grape juice to one who turned it into something unlawful. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful if you sell when it is lawful then he turns it into unlawful; may Allah keep him away and remotely distanced.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ أَمَرَ غُلَامَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَ كَرْمَهُ عَصِيراً فَبَاعَهُ خَمْراً ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ بِثَمَنِهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَحَبَّ الْأَشْيَاءِ إِلَيَّ أَنْ يُتَصَدَّقَ بِثَمَنِهِ.
“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘A man asks his slave to sell his grapes as grape juice but he sells it as wine; then brings the price to him.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The most beloved thing to me in this case is to give it (price) as charity.’”
كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ كَرْمٌ أَ يَبِيعُ الْعِنَبَ وَ التَّمْرَ مِمَّنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ يَجْعَلُهُ خَمْراً أَوْ سَكَراً فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا بَاعَهُ حَلَالًا فِي الْإِبَّانِ الَّذِي يَحِلُّ شُرْبُهُ أَوْ أَكْلُهُ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِبَيْعِهِ[3].
“I once wrote to ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and asked about the case of a man who had a vineyard; if he could sell grapes and dates to someone who made wine or sugar out of them. He (the Imam) said, ‘He has sold it as lawful when drinking, eating was lawful, thus it is not unlawful.’”
لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ أَمَّا لِلْمُقْتَضِي فَحَلَالٌ وَ أَمَّا لِلْبَائِعِ فَحَرَامٌ.
“About the case of a man to whom another man owes a certain amount of dirham who sells wine or pig when he (the creditor) is looking, then pays him from such funds. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful. For the creditor it is lawful and for the seller it is unlawful.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لِي عَلَى رَجُلٍ ذِمِّيٍّ دَرَاهِمُ فَيَبِيعُ الْخَمْرَ وَ الْخِنْزِيرَ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ فَيَحِلُّ لِي أَخْذُهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا لَكَ عَلَيْهِ دَرَاهِمُ فَقَضَاكَ دَرَاهِمَكَ.
“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘A non-Muslim taxpayer owes to me a certain amount of dirham. He sells wine and pig when I am present; if it is lawful for me to take it. He (the Imam) said, ‘All he owes you are dirhams, and he has paid you dirhams.’”
فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لِي عَلَيْهِ الدَّرَاهِمُ فَيَبِيعُ بِهَا خَمْراً وَ خِنْزِيراً ثُمَّ يَقْضِي عَنْهَا قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَوْ قَالَ خُذْهَا.
“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who owed me a certain amount of dirham with which he sold wine and pigs and with such business he paid me back. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful’ or that he (the Imam) said, ‘You can take it.’”
سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْعَصِيرِ فَقَالَ لِي كَرْمٌ وَ أَنَا أَعْصِرُهُ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ وَ أَجْعَلُهُ فِي الدِّنَانِ وَ أَبِيعُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْلِيَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَإِنْ غَلَى فَلَا يَحِلُّ بَيْعُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ هُوَ ذَا نَحْنُ نَبِيعُ تَمْرَنَا مِمَّنْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ يَصْنَعُهُ خَمْراً.
“A man once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about juice saying, ‘I have a vineyard. ‘Every year I squeeze juice and keep it in a large container, then sell it before it boils. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful but if it boils then selling is not lawful.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘We sell our dates knowing that they m
لَهُ دَرَاهِمُهُ وَ قَالَ إِنْ أَسْلَمَ رَجُلٌ وَ لَهُ خَمْرٌ وَ خَنَازِيرُ ثُمَّ مَاتَ وَ هِيَ فِي مِلْكِهِ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ قَالَ يَبِيعُ دُيَّانُهُ أَوْ وَلِيٌّ لَهُ غَيْرُ مُسْلِمٍ خَمْرَهُ وَ خَنَازِيرَهُ وَ يَقْضِي دَيْنَهُ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ وَ لَا يُمْسِكَهُ[2].
“About the case of a of Zoroastrian man who sold wine or pigs for an appointed time, then became a Muslim before due time for payment, he (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘He can have his dirhams.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If one becomes a Muslim and owns wine and pigs, then dies while they are in his possession, and he owes a
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ نَصْرَانِيٍّ أَسْلَمَ وَ عِنْدَهُ خَمْرٌ وَ خَنَازِيرُ وَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ هَلْ يَبِيعُ خَمْرَهُ وَ خَنَازِيرَهُ وَ يَقْضِي دَيْنَهُ قَالَ لَا.
“I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a Christian man who became a Muslim and had wine and pigs and owed debts; if he could sell his wine and pigs to pay off his debts. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’”