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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الْكَفَالَةِ وَ الْحَوَالَةِ

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ قَالَ:

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أَبْطَأْتُ عَنِ الْحَجِّ فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا أَبْطَأَ بِكَ عَنِ الْحَجِّ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ تَكَفَّلْتُ بِرَجُلٍ فَخَفَرَ بِي‌ فَقَالَ مَا لَكَ وَ الْكَفَالاتِ‌ أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهَا أَهْلَكَتِ الْقُرُونَ الْأُولَى ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ قَوْماً أَذْنَبُوا ذُنُوباً كَثِيرَةً فَأَشْفَقُوا مِنْهَا وَ خَافُوا خَوْفاً شَدِيداً وَ جَاءَ آخَرُونَ فَقَالُوا ذُنُوبُكُمْ عَلَيْنَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَذَابَ ثُمَّ قَالَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَافُونِي وَ اجْتَرَأْتُمْ عَلَيَّ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from af-Fadf ibn Shadhan all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy who has said the following: “I once remained behind from performing al-Hajj and abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), asked, ’What caused you to remain behind from performing al-Hajj ? 5 I replied, ’I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I bailed out a person but he violated his responsibility . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘What do you have to do with bailsman-ship? Did you not know that people of the centuries before were destroyed ? 5 He (the Imam) then said, ‘A people committed a great many sins. They then became severely afraid. Another people came to them and said, ‘Your sins are upon us . 5 Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sent upon them suffering and He most Blessed, most High, said, ‘You were afraid of Me, then you defied Me . 555

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]خفره اي نقض عهده. كما مر.ص 103

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع‌ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُحِيلُ الرَّجُلَ بِمَالٍ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ آخَرَ فَيَقُولُ

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لَهُ الَّذِي احْتَالَ بَرِئْتَ مِمَّا لِي عَلَيْكَ قَالَ إِذَا أَبْرَأَهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُبْرِئْهُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ عَلَى الَّذِي أَحَالَهُ‌. - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع‌ مِثْلَهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil from Zurarah who has said the following: “About the case of an assignment if the assignee says to the debtor, ‘I wave in your favor what you owe me because of the assignment, one of the two Imam 5 , (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al- Salam, has said, ‘If the assignee waves it in favor of the debtor he (assignee) loses the right to ask the debtor for any payment; but if he (the assignee) does not wave it in favor of the debtor, he (assignee) has the right to ask the assignor for payment . 555 Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Hadid from Jamil from Zurarah has narrated from a similar Hadith.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]قوله:« إذا ابرأه» يدل على عدم حصول البراءة بدون الابراء و هو خلاف المشهور. قال الشهيد الثاني- رحمه اللّه-: المحيل يبرأ من حقّ المحتال بمجرد الحوالة سواء أبرأه المحتال أم لا و خالف فيه الشيخ و جماعة استنادا إلى حسنة زرارة و حملت على ما إذا اظهر اعسار المحال عليه حال الحوالة مع جهل المحتال بحاله فان له الرجوع على المحيل إذا لم يبرأه و على ما إذا شرط المحيل البراءة فانه يستفيد بذلك عدم الرجوع و لو ظهر افلاس المحال عليه، و هو حمل بعيد و على أن الابراء كناية عن قبول المحتال الحوالة فمعنى قوله: برئت مما لي عليك انى رضيت بالحوالة الموجبة للتحويل فبرئت أنت فكنى عن الملزوم باللازم و هكذا القول في قوله و« ان لم يبرأه فله ان يرجع» لان العقد بدون رضاه غير لازم فله أن يرجع فيه.( آت)ص 104

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حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ كَفَلَ لِرَجُلٍ بِنَفْسِ رَجُلٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ جِئْتَ بِهِ وَ إِلَّا عَلَيْكَ خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ نَفْسُهُ وَ لَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الدَّرَاهِمِ فَإِنْ قَالَ عَلَيَّ خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ إِنْ لَمْ أَدْفَعْهُ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ تَلْزَمُهُ الدَّرَاهِمُ إِنْ لَمْ يَدْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad al-Kindiy from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan al-Mithamiy from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from abu al-‘Abbas who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who bails out a person assigning his own person as security, and the bailee says, ‘If you did not bring the bailed out person you must pay five hundred dirham . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘The guarantor is required only to present himself and there is no dirham due on him. However, if the bailsman says, “I on failing to bring the bailed out person, will pay five hundred dirham , 55 payment of dirham becomes binding upon him if he does not present the bailed out person . 555

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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حُمَيْدٌ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ‌ قَالَ

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُحِيلُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ أَ يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لَا يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ أَبَداً إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ أَفْلَسَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Humayd has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from Ja’far ibn Sama‘ah from Aban from Mansur ibn Hazim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who assigns another man to collect a certain amount of dirham from his debtor; if the assignee can demand payment from the assignor. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he can never do so unless the debtor was bankrupt before assignment . 555

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ‌ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَوْلُ النَّاسِ الضَّامِنُ غَارِمٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الضَّامِنِ غُرْمٌ الْغُرْمُ عَلَى مَنْ أَكَلَ الْمَالَ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from certain persons of our people from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn Yaqtin from ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once said to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what do you say about people’s saying, ‘The bailsman suffers loss . 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘The bailsman is not responsible for any loss. The one who has consumed the asset is responsible for the loss.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]لعله محمول على ما إذا ضمن باذن الغريم فان له الرجوع عليه بما ادى فالغرم عليه لا على الضامن.( آت)ص 105

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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أُتِيَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص بِرَجُلٍ تَكَفَّلَ بِنَفْسِ رَجُلٍ فَحَبَسَهُ فَقَالَ اطْلُبْ صَاحِبَكَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once a man who had presented his person to bail out another man was brought before ‘Amir al-Mu’minin who placed him in custody and commanded him to present the man whom he had bailed out.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.