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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ بَيْعِ الْعَدَدِ وَ الْمُجَازَفَةِ وَ الشَّيْ‌ءِ الْمُبْهَمِ‌

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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مَا كَانَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ سَمَّيْتَ فِيهِ كَيْلًا فَلَا يَصْلُحُ مُجَازَفَةً هَذَا مِمَّا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ بَيْعِ الطَّعَامِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘In the case of foodstuff of known measurement venturous estimation is not valid and it is of undesirable matters in the case of foodstuff.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ عَلَى الْآخَرِ مِائَةُ كُرِّ تَمْرٍ وَ لَهُ نَخْلٌ فَيَأْتِيهِ فَيَقُولُ أَعْطِنِي نَخْلَكَ هَذَا بِمَا عَلَيْكَ فَكَأَنَّهُ كَرِهَهُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا النَّخْلُ فَيَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ إِمَّا أَنْ تَأْخُذَ هَذَا النَّخْلَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا كَيْلًا مُسَمًّى أَوْ تُعْطِيَنِي نِصْفَ هَذَا الْكَيْلِ إِمَّا زَادَ أَوْ نَقَصَ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ آخُذَهُ أَنَا بِذَلِكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan from Ya’qub ibn Shu’ayb who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man to whom another man owes one hundred kur of dates and he has palm trees. He comes and says, ‘Give to me your palm trees for what you owe to me.’ It seemed as if he (the Imam) disliked it. I then asked about two men who have palm trees. One of them says to the other, ‘You can take the trees for such and such amount and give to me one-half more or less or I take the trees with the same condition. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع

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أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْجَوْزِ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَعُدَّ فَيُكَالُ بِمِكْيَالٍ فَيُعَدُّ مَا فِيهِ ثُمَّ يُكَالُ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَى حِسَابِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْعَدَدِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about walnuts that cannot be counted. The owner weighs a certain measurement, then counts the rest according to that measurement. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي بَيْعاً فِيهِ كَيْلٌ أَوْ وَزْنٌ يُعَيِّرُهُ ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُهُ عَلَى نَحْوِ مَا فِيهِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from those whom he has mentioned from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who buys something which is sold by measure or weight and takes it according to that standard. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عِيصِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ نَعَمٌ يَبِيعُ أَلْبَانَهَا بِغَيْرِ كَيْلٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ حَتَّى‌ يَنْقَطِعَ أَوْ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنْهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Is ibn al-Qasim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has cattle; if he can sell their milk without measurement. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so until it stops (coming through the udder) or something similar.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اللَّبَنِ يُشْتَرَى وَ هُوَ فِي الضَّرْعِ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَحْلُبَ لَكَ سُكُرُّجَةً فَيَقُولَ اشْتَرِ مِنِّي هَذَا اللَّبَنَ الَّذِي فِي السُّكُرُّجَةِ وَ مَا فِي ضُرُوعِهَا بِثَمَنٍ مُسَمًّى فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي الضُّرُوعِ شَيْ‌ءٌ كَانَ مَا فِي السُّكُرُّجَةِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from his brother al-Hassan from Zurarah from Sanaa ‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), if milk which still is in the udder can be purchased. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, until it is milked in al-Sukurrujah (a bowl) and the seller can say, “Buy what is in al-Sukurruajah and that which is in the udder for the named price” and if there is nothing in the udder that which is in al-Sukurruajah is what is sold.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]السكرجة- بضم السين و الكاف و تشديد الراء-: اناء صغير يؤكل فيه فارسية( النهاية).ص 194

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَشْتَرِي مِائَةَ رَاوِيَةٍ مِنْ زَيْتٍ فَأَعْرِضُ رَاوِيَةً وَ اثْنَتَيْنِ فَأَزِنُهُمَا ثُمَّ آخُذُ سَائِرَهُ عَلَى قَدْرِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan from abu Sa‘id from ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ‘Amr who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about buying a hundred Rawiyah (a certain unit of measurement) of oil, then weigh one or two Rawiyah then accept the rest according to such weighing. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]قوله:« سائره» فى التهذيب« سايرها» و لعله الأصحّ.ص 194

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكَرْخِيِّ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ أَصْوَافَ مِائَةِ نَعْجَةٍ وَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهَا مِنْ حَمْلٍ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا دِرْهَماً قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي بُطُونِهَا حَمْلٌ كَانَ رَأْسُ مَالِهِ فِي الصُّوفِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub Ibrahim al-Karkhiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who buys wool of a hundred sheep from another man and what is in their womb for so amount of dirham. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful; in case there is nothing in their womb he has his capital in the wool.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ النَّخَّاسِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ يَصْلُحُ لِي أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الْجَارِيَةَ الْآبِقَةَ وَ أُعْطِيَهُمُ الثَّمَنَ وَ أَطْلُبَهَا أَنَا قَالَ لَا يَصْلُحُ شِرَاؤُهَا إِلَّا أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ مِنْهُمْ مَعَهَا شَيْئاً ثَوْباً أَوْ مَتَاعاً فَتَقُولَ لَهُمْ أَشْتَرِي مِنْكُمْ جَارِيَتَكُمْ فُلَانَةَ وَ هَذَا الْمَتَاعَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا دِرْهَماً فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ جَائِزٌ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

9. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from ibn Mahbub from Rifa’ah al-Nakhkhas who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, Musa (a.s.), if my buying a runaway slave-girl from a people and paying them the price but myself search to find her, is valid. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not valid unless you buy from them a certain other item, like cloths or so and say to them, “I buy your so slave- girl and this item of goods for so and so amount of dirham.” This is permissible.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ عَنِ الْأَصَمِّ عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ نَهَى أَنْ يُشْتَرَى شَبَكَةُ الصَّيَّادِ يَقُولَ اضْرِبْ بِشَبَكَتِكَ فَمَا خَرَجَ فَهُوَ مِنْ مَالِي بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

10. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan ibn Shammun from al-Assam from Misma’ who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), prohibited buying the net of the fisherman by saying, ‘Spread your net and whatever comes in is mine for so and so amount.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ‌ ع قَالَ:

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إِذَا كَانَتْ أَجَمَةٌ لَيْسَ فِيهَا قَصَبٌ أُخْرِجَ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنَ السَّمَكِ فَيُبَاعُ وَ مَا فِي الْأَجَمَةِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

11. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If there is a bunch of trees without reeds with a few fish taken out along with what is in the bunch of trees, it can (lawfully) be sold.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]الاجمة: الشجر الملتف( المغرب). كذا في هامش المطبوع.ص 195

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ وَ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع

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فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَقَبَّلُ بِجِزْيَةِ رُءُوسِ الرِّجَالِ‌ وَ بِخَرَاجِ النَّخْلِ وَ الْآجَامِ وَ الطَّيْرِ وَ هُوَ لَا يَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ مِنْ هَذَا شَيْ‌ءٌ أَبَداً أَوْ يَكُونُ قَالَ إِذَا عَلِمَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئاً وَاحِداً أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَدْرَكَ فَاشْتَرِهِ وَ تَقَبَّلْ بِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from and Humayd ibn Ziyad from al- Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person all from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Isma’il ibn al-Fadl al-Hashimiy who has said the following: “About the case of a man who accepts in a transaction, in exchange for what he pays, the taxes due on non-Muslim taxpayers, taxes on palm trees, on groves, on birds and does not know if any such items exist or not, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If he knows that at least one thing of it exists that he can have, he can buy and accept the deal with it.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]يعني من أهل الذمّة.ص 195

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَشْتَرِي الْجِصَّ فَيَكِيلُ بَعْضَهُ وَ يَأْخُذُ الْبَقِيَّةَ بِغَيْرِ كَيْلٍ فَقَالَ إِمَّا أَنْ يَأْخُذَ كُلَّهُ بِتَصْدِيقِهِ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ يَكِيلَهُ كُلَّهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from a man from a certain persons of his people who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who buys lime. He weighs a certain portion then accepts the rest without measurement. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can accept all of it with his certification or measure all of it.��”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.