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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الْمُسْلِمِ يَقْتُلُ الذِّمِّيَّ أَوْ يَجْرَحُهُ وَ الذِّمِّيِّ يَقْتُلُ الْمُسْلِمَ أَوْ يَجْرَحُهُ أَوْ يَقْتَصُّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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دِيَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Ibn Muskam, Abu Abdullah asws has said: ‘Wergild of the Jew, and the Christian, and the Magian, is eight hundred Dirhams’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَنْهُ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِذَا قَتَلَ الْمُسْلِمُ يَهُودِيّاً أَوْ نَصْرَانِيّاً أَوْ مَجُوسِيّاً فَأَرَادُوا أَنْ يُقِيدُوا رَدُّوا فَضْلَ دِيَةِ الْمُسْلِمِ وَ أَقَادُوهُ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

And from him, from Ibn Muskan, Abu Abdullah asws has said: ‘When the Muslim kills a Jew, or a Christian, or a Magian, so they intend that they retaliate, they have to return the excess wergild to the (guardians of the) Muslim, and retaliate him’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ فَقَالَ

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هَذَا حَدِيثٌ شَدِيدٌ لَا يَحْتَمِلُهُ النَّاسُ وَ لَكِنْ يُعْطِي الذِّمِّيُّ دِيَةَ الْمُسْلِمِ ثُمَّ يُقْتَلُ بِهِ الْمُسْلِمُ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

And from him, from Zurara, from Sama’at, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws regarding a Muslim man who kills a man from the Zimmy people. So he asws said: ‘This is a harsh Hadeeth, the people cannot bear it, but the Zimmy has to give the wergild of the Muslim, then the Muslim would be killed due to it’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ دِمَاءِ الْمَجُوسِ وَ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى هَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ عَلَى مَنْ قَتَلَهُمْ شَيْ‌ءٌ إِذَا غَشُّوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ أَظْهَرُوا الْعَدَاوَةَ لَهُمْ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مُتَعَوِّداً لِقَتْلِهِمْ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُسْلِمِ هَلْ يُقْتَلُ بِأَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ وَ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ إِذَا قَتَلَهُمْ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مُعْتَاداً لِذَلِكَ لَا يَدَعُ قَتْلَهُمْ فَيُقْتَلُ وَ هُوَ صَاغِرٌ. - عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع‌ مِثْلَهُ.

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ دِيَةَ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ سَوَاءٌ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ الْحَقَّ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Muhammad Bin Al Fuzayl, (It has been narrated) from Abu Al Hassan Al Reza asws – similat to it’. Abu Ali Al Ashary, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Jabbar, from Safwan Bin Yahya, from Mansour Bin Hazim, from Aban Bin Taghlub who said, ‘I said to Abu Abdullah asws , ‘Ibrahim is alleging that the wergild of the Jews, and the Christians, and the Magians, is the same’. So he asws said: ‘Yes, he said the truth’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع

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أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع كَانَ يَقُولُ‌ يُقْتَصُّ لِلنَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَ يُقْتَلُ بَعْضُهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ إِذَا قَتَلُوا عَمْداً.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Nowfaly, from Al Sakuny, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws that Amir Al-Momineen asws was saying: ‘For the Christians, and the Jews, and the Magians, there would be retaliation from each other, and they would be killed for each other when they kill deliberately’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ ضُرَيْسٍ الْكُنَاسِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ فِي نَصْرَانِيٍّ قَتَلَ مُسْلِماً فَلَمَّا أُخِذَ أَسْلَمَ قَالَ

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اقْتُلْهُ بِهِ قِيلَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ قَالَ يُدْفَعُ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ [فَإِنْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا عَفَوْا وَ إِنْ شَاءُوا اسْتَرَقُّوا وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مَالٌ دُفِعَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ‌] هُوَ وَ مَالُهُ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, and Ali Bin Ibrahim from his father, bother together from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Raib, from Zureys Al Kunasy, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws regarding a Christian who killed a Muslim. So when he was seized, he became a Muslim. He asws said: ‘He would be killed due to it’. It was said: ‘And if he had not become a Muslim?’ He asws said: ‘He would be handed over to the guardians of the killed one (if they so desire to they kill him, and if they so desire to they pardon him, and if they so desire to they enslave him, and if there was wealth with him, it would be handed over to the guardians of the killed one), him and his wealth’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِذَا قَتَلَ الْمُسْلِمُ النَّصْرَانِيَّ فَأَرَادَ أَهْلُ النَّصْرَانِيِّ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُ قَتَلُوهُ وَ أَدَّوْا فَضْلَ مَا بَيْنَ الدِّيَتَيْنِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

A number of our companions, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Fazalat Bin Ayoub, from Abu Al Magra, from Abu Baseer, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘When the Muslim kills the Christian, so the family of the Christian intend to kill him, they can kill him and pay the excess of what is between the two Wergilds’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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لَا يُقَادُ مُسْلِمٌ بِذِمِّيٍّ فِي الْقَتْلِ وَ لَا فِي الْجِرَاحَاتِ وَ لَكِنْ يُؤْخَذُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِ جِنَايَتُهُ لِلذِّمِّيِّ عَلَى قَدْرِ دِيَةِ الذِّمِّيِّ ثَمَانِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Raib, from Muhammad Bin Qays, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws having said: ‘A Muslim would not be retaliated regarding the killing, nor with regards to the injuries, but (the compensation) for his crime would be taken from the Muslim for the Zimmy , in accordance with the wergild of the Zimmy , eight hundred Dirhams’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ فَقَأَ عَيْنَ نَصْرَانِيٍّ فَقَالَ إِنَّ دِيَةَ عَيْنِ النَّصْرَانِيِّ أَرْبَعُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ibn Mahboub, from Ibn Raib, from Bureyd Al Ajaly who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about a Muslim man who blinded an eye of a Christian. So he asws said: ‘The wergild of an eye of a Christian is four hundred Dirhams’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ وَ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ لَيْثٍ الْمُرَادِيِّ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ دِيَةِ النَّصْرَانِيِّ وَ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ الْمَجُوسِيِّ قَالَ دِيَتُهُمْ جَمِيعاً سَوَاءٌ ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Ayoun, and Ibn Bukeyr, from Lays Al Murady who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about the wergild of the Christian, and the Jew, and the Magian. He asws said: ‘Their wergilds are all the same – eight hundred Dirhams, eight hundred Dirhams’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الْمُسْلِمِ هَلْ يُقْتَلُ بِأَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مُعَوَّداً لِقَتْلِهِمْ فَيُقْتَلُ وَ هُوَ صَاغِرٌ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Humeyd Bin Ziyad, from Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Sama’at, from Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Maysami, from Aban, from Ismail Bin Al Fazl who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about the Muslim, would he be killed due to the Zimmy people?’ He asws said: ‘No, except if he happens to be habitual of killing them, so he would be killed, and he would be belittled’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَمُّونٍ عَنِ الْأَصَمِّ عَنْ مِسْمَعٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع

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‌ أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع قَضَى فِي جَنِينِ الْيَهُودِيَّةِ وَ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ وَ الْمَجُوسِيَّةِ عُشْرَ دِيَةِ أُمِّهِ‌

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

A number of our companions, from Sahl Bin Ziyad, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Shamoun, from Al Asamma, from Misma’a, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws that Amir Al-Momineen asws judged regarding foetuses of the Jews, and the Christians, and the Magians to be a tenth of the wergild of its mother’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]المشهور بين الاصحاب أن دية جنين الذمى عشر دية أبيه و ورد في هذا الخبر و خبر آخر عن السكونى أنّها عشر دية أمه، و لم يعمل بهما الاكثر و حملهما العلامة على ما إذا كانت أمه مسلمة، ثمّ انهم اختلفوا في دية الجنين مطلقا قبل ولوج الروح هل يتفاوت فيها الذكر و الأنثى أم لا و المشهور العدم و فرق في المبسوط فاوجب في الذكر عشر ديته و في الأنثى عشر ديتها فعلى هذا المذهب يمكن حملهما على الأنثى و اللّه يعلم( آت)ص 310