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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الرِّفْقِ‌

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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إِنَّ لِكُلِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ قُفْلًا وَ قُفْلُ الْإِيمَانِ الرِّفْقُ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from who he has mentioned (in his book) from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn abu Layla from his father from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “For everything there is a lock and the lock for belief is friendliness.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]الرفق لين الجانب و الرأفة و ترك العنف و الغلظة في الافعال و الأقوال على الخلق في جميع الأحوال سواء صدر عنهم بالنسبة إليه خلاف الأدب أو لم يصدر، ففيه تشبيه الايمان بالجوهر النفيس الذي يعتنى بحفظه و القلب بخزانة و الرفق بالقفل لانه يحفظه عن خروجه و طريان المفاسد عليه، فان الشيطان سارق الايمان و مع فتح القفل و ترك الرفق يبعث الإنسان على أمور من الخشونة و الفحش و القهر و الضرب و أنواع الفساد و غيرها من الأمور التي توجب نقص الايمان أو زواله( آت).ص 118

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وَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ

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قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ مَنْ قُسِمَ لَهُ الرِّفْقُ قُسِمَ لَهُ الْإِيمَانُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Through the same chain of narrators it is narrated from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Whoever has received a share of friendliness has received a share of belief.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-1843

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يَحْيَى الْأَزْرَقِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى رَفِيقٌ يُحِبُّ الرِّفْقَ فَمِنْ رِفْقِهِ بِعِبَادِهِ تَسْلِيلُهُ أَضْغَانَهُمْ‌ وَ مُضَادَّتَهُمْ‌ لِهَوَاهُمْ وَ قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ مِنْ رِفْقِهِ بِهِمْ أَنَّهُ يَدَعُهُمْ عَلَى الْأَمْرِ يُرِيدُ إِزَالَتَهُمْ عَنْهُ رِفْقاً بِهِمْ لِكَيْلَا يُلْقِيَ عَلَيْهِمْ عُرَى الْإِيمَانِ‌ وَ مُثَاقَلَتَهُ جُمْلَةً وَاحِدَةً فَيَضْعُفُوا فَإِذَا أَرَادَ ذَلِكَ نَسَخَ الْأَمْرَ بِالْآخَرِ فَصَارَ مَنْسُوخاً.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Safwan ibn Yahya from Yahya al-Azraq from Hammad ibn Bashir from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Allah, the Most Blessed, the Most High, is compassionate and He loves friendliness. Of the examples of His compassion to His worshippers is His reducing and easing off of their feeling grudge, resentment and hatred that confronts their wish and their heart. It is of the examples of His compassion toward them that He calls upon them to obey one of His commands to remove a certain evil (practice) from them for compassionate reasons so that the ring and the weight of belief do not fall upon them at once to make them weak. When He wants to make such a decision (of easing up on them) He cancels one command by another command and it becomes abrogated.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 4

[2]التسليل: انتزاع الشي‌ء و إخراجه في رفق‌[ و الاضغان: الاحقاد التي في القلوب و العداوة و البغضاء] و المضادة: منع الخصم عن الامر برفق أراد عليه السلام ان اللّه سبحانه انما كلف عباده بالاوامر و النواهى متدرجا لكيلا ينفروا، مثال ذلك تحريم الخمر في صدر الإسلام فانه نزلت أولا آية أحسوا منها بتحريمها ثمّ نزلت اخرى أشدّ من الأولى و اغلظ ثمّ ثلث باخرى اغلظ و أشدّ من الأوليين و ذلك ليوطن الناس أنفسهم عليها شيئا فشيئا و يسكنوا إلى نهيه فيها و كان التدبير من اللّه على هذا الوجه اصوب و أقرب لهم إلى الاخذ بها و أقل لنفارهم منها.( فى)ص 118

[3]في بعض النسخ‌[ و مضادته‌].ص 118

[4]في بعض النسخ‌[ عرى الإسلام‌].ص 118

[5]في بعض النسخ‌[ فاذا أراد ذلك الامر نسخ بالآخر].ص 118

alkafi-1844

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ الرِّفْقُ يُمْنٌ وَ الْخُرْقُ شُؤْمٌ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Mahbub from Mu’awiyah ibn Wahab from Mu’adh ibn Muslim from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Friendliness is a blessing and detachment is evil.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]اليمن بالضم: البركة و الخرق بالضم و بالتحريك: ضد الرفق.ص 119

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عَنْهُ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَفِيقٌ يُحِبُّ الرِّفْقَ وَ يُعْطِي عَلَى الرِّفْقِ مَا لَا يُعْطِي عَلَى الْعُنْفِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ibn Mahbub from ‘Amr ibn Shamir from Jabir from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, is compassionate. He loves kindheartedness and awards for it with such things that He does not give due to rudeness.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-1846

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ إِنَّ الرِّفْقَ لَمْ يُوضَعْ عَلَى شَيْ‌ءٍ إِلَّا زَانَهُ‌ وَ لَا نُزِعَ مِنْ شَيْ‌ءٍ إِلَّا شَانَهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ‘Udhayna from Zurara from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘There is nothing in which friendliness is placed but that such thing is beautified. There is nothing from which friendliness is removed but that such thing is shunned.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]زانه من الزينة و شانه من الشين أي العيب.ص 119

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عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ:

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إِنَّ فِي الرِّفْقِ الزِّيَادَةَ وَ الْبَرَكَةَ وَ مَنْ يُحْرَمِ الرِّفْقَ يُحْرَمِ الْخَيْرَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. Ali has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from ‘Amr ibn abu al-Miqdam in a marfu’ manner from the Holy prophet who has said the following: “In friendliness, certainly, there are increased blessings. One dispossessed of (faculty) friendliness is deprived of goodness.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-1848

عَنْهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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مَا زُوِيَ الرِّفْقُ عَنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ إِلَّا زُوِيَ عَنْهُمُ الْخَيْرُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

8. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ‘Abd Allah ibn al- Mughirah from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “If kindheartedness goes away from a family, goodness departs them also.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-1849

عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُعَلَّى عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ زِيَادِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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أَيُّمَا أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ أُعْطُوا حَظَّهُمْ مِنَ الرِّفْقِ فَقَدْ وَسَّعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الرِّزْقِ وَ الرِّفْقُ فِي تَقْدِيرِ الْمَعِيشَةِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ السَّعَةِ فِي الْمَالِ وَ الرِّفْقُ لَا يَعْجِزُ عَنْهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ التَّبْذِيرُ لَا يَبْقَى مَعَهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَفِيقٌ يُحِبُّ الرِّفْقَ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

9. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Thaqafi from Ali ibn Mu’alla from Isma’il ibn Yasar from Ahmad ibn Ziyad ibn Arqam al-Kufi from a man from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Any family who has received their share of kindheartedness, Allah has certainly increased their livelihood. Friendliness in matters of earning a living is better than great wealth. Friendliness does not cause any weakness but a spendthrift habit leaves nothing in place. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, is compassionate and He loves friendliness.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]لعل المراد بهذه الأخبار أن الرفق يصير سببا للتوسع في الرزق و الزيادة فيه و في الرفق الخير و البركة و أن الرفق مع التقدير في المعيشة خير من الخرق في سعة من المال و الرفيق يقدر على كل ما يريد بخلاف الاخرق، و السر فيه أن الناس إذا رأوا من أحد الرفق أحبوه و أعانوه و القى اللّه له في قلوبهم العطف و الود، فلم يدعوه يتعب أو يتعسر عليه أمره( فى).ص 119

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ أَحْمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ:

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قَالَ لِي وَ جَرَى بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ كَلَامٌ فَقَالَ لِي ارْفُقْ بِهِمْ- فَإِنَّ كُفْرَ أَحَدِهِمْ‌ فِي غَضَبِهِ وَ لَا خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ كَانَ كُفْرُهُ فِي غَضَبِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated in a marfu’ manner from Salih ibn ‘Aqaba from Hisham ibn Ahmar from abu al-Hassan (a.s.) who has said the following: “The narrator has said, ‘A conversation took place between a man of the group and me and the Imam said to me, ‘Be friendly with them or else one of them may reject in anger and there is nothing good in rejection that may come from anger.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]في بعض النسخ‌[ أحدكم‌].ص 120

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى ع قَالَ:

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الرِّفْقُ نِصْفُ الْعَيْشِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

11. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Hassan from Musa ibn Bakr from abu al-Hassan Musa (a.s.) who has said the following: “Friendliness is half of livelihood.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-1852

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الرِّفْقَ وَ يُعِينُ عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا رَكِبْتُمُ الدَّوَابَّ الْعُجْفَ‌ فَأَنْزِلُوهَا مَنَازِلَهَا- فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْأَرْضُ مُجْدِبَةً فَانْجُوا عَنْهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مُخْصِبَةً فَأَنْزِلُوهَا مَنَازِلَهَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

12. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfali from al-Sakuni from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Allah, certainly, loves kindheartedness and He supports one to achieve it. If you ride a weak animal allow it to rest whenever needed. If it is a barren land pass it quickly, and if it is a fertile land, allow them to rest as they need.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]في المغرب العجف بالتحريك: الهزال و الاعجف: المهزول و الأنثى: العجفاء و العجفاء يجمع على عجف كصماء على صم و في المصباح الجدب هو المحل لفظا و معنى و هو انقطاع المطر و يبس الأرض، يقال جدب البلد بالضم جدوبة فهو جدب و جديب و أرض جدبة و جدوب و اجدبت اجدابا فهي مجدبة. و قال الجوهريّ: نجوت نجاء ممدودا اي اسرعت و سبقت و الناجية و النجاة، الناقة السريعة تنجو بمن ركبها و البعير ناج. و الخصب بالكسر: نقيض الجدب.ص 120

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَوْ كَانَ الرِّفْقُ خَلْقاً يُرَى مَا كَانَ مِمَّا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

13. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from ‘Amr ibn Shamir from Jabir from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘If kindheartedness were to be seen like a creature, nothing of the creatures of Allah could have been as good as kindheartedness.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-1854

أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع قَالَ:

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إِنَّ اللَّهَ رَفِيقٌ يُحِبُّ الرِّفْقَ وَ مِنْ رِفْقِهِ بِكُمْ تَسْلِيلُ أَضْغَانِكُمْ وَ مُضَادَّةِ قُلُوبِكُمْ وَ إِنَّهُ لَيُرِيدُ تَحْوِيلَ الْعَبْدِ عَنِ الْأَمْرِ فَيَتْرُكُهُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يُحَوِّلَهُ بِالنَّاسِخِ كَرَاهِيَةَ تَثَاقُلِ الْحَقِّ عَلَيْهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

14. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from ibn Faddal from Tha’labi from ibn Maymun from those who narrated to him from one of them (one of the two Imams) (a.s.) who has said the following: “Allah is compassionate and He loves kindheartedness. Of the examples of His compassion is His reducing and easing off of your feeling of grudge and hatred that confronts your wish and your heart. When He decides to change a worshipper’s habits He issues a command and then changes it with an abrogating command so that the truth does not fall very heavy on him.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-1855

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَا اصْطَحَبَ اثْنَانِ إِلَّا كَانَ أَعْظَمُهُمَا أَجْراً وَ أَحَبُّهُمَا إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَرْفَقَهُمَا بِصَاحِبِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfali from al-Sakuni from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Whenever two things accompany each other the recipient of greater reward and the most beloved of the two before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, is the kindhearted one to its companion.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

alkafi-1856

أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ

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سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ كَانَ رَفِيقاً فِي أَمْرِهِ نَالَ مَا يُرِيدُ مِنَ النَّاسِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

16. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn Hassan from al-Hassan ibn al-Husayn from Fudayl ibn ‘Uthman who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) say, ‘Whoever is friendly in his affairs achieves what he wants from people.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.