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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الْبِئْرِ وَ مَا يَقَعُ فِيهَا

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ قَالَ:

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كَتَبْتُ إِلَى رَجُلٍ أَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الْبِئْرِ تَكُونُ فِي الْمَنْزِلِ لِلْوُضُوءِ فَتَقْطُرُ فِيهَا قَطَرَاتٌ مِنْ بَوْلٍ أَوْ دَمٍ أَوْ يَسْقُطُ فِيهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنْ عَذِرَةٍ كَالْبَعْرَةِ وَ نَحْوِهَا مَا الَّذِي يُطَهِّرُهَا حَتَّى يَحِلَّ الْوُضُوءُ مِنْهَا لِلصَّلَاةِ فَوَقَّعَ ع بِخَطِّهِ فِي كِتَابِي تَنْزَحُ مِنْهَا دِلَاءً.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il ibn Bazi‘ who has said the following: “I once wrote to a person to write to abu al-Hassan al-Rida (a.s.), to ask him about a well in one’s house for Wudu’. If some drops of urine, or blood, or animal dung and so forth fall in it, then how can it be cleansed so one can take Wudu’ with water from such a well for Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) sent the answer with his signature that said, ’Draw a few buckets of water from it and dispose such water away.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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وَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ:

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مَاءُ الْبِئْرِ وَاسِعٌ لَا يُفْسِدُهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَتَغَيَّرَ بِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Through the same chain of narrators as the previous Hadith the following is stated: “He (the Imam) ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘Well water is vast. It does not become polluted until it is changed.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي الْفَأْرَةِ وَ السِّنَّوْرِ وَ الدَّجَاجَةِ وَ الطَّيْرِ وَ الْكَلْبِ قَالَ

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مَا لَمْ يَتَفَسَّخْ أَوْ يَتَغَيَّرْ طَعْمُ الْمَاءِ فَيَكْفِيكَ خَمْسُ دِلَاءٍ فَإِنْ تَغَيَّرَ الْمَاءُ فَخُذْ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَذْهَبَ الرِّيحُ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj from abu ‘Usamah who has said the following: “This is about the case of a rat, cat, chicken, bird and dog in a well. Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘As long as they have not disintegrated or water’s taste is not changed, take out five buckets of water thereof, but if there is a change in the water then continue drawing out the water until the smell is gone.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]ظاهره تساوى الحكم بين الكلب و الفارة و السنور و الدجاجة و هو خلاف المشهور و يمكن حمله على ما إذا كان الكلب خرج منها حيّا فانه ينزح منها هذا المقدار إلى سبع دلاء كما روى الشيخ في التهذيب ج 1 ص 67 و في الاستبصار ج 1 ص 38 بإسناده عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام أنّه كان يقول: إذا مات الكلب في البئر نزحت، و قال جعفر عليه السلام: إذا وقع فيها ثمّ أخرج منها حيّا نزح منها سبع دلاء و الأول محمول على تغيّر أحد أوصاف الماء فانه يوجب نزح الجميع.ص 5

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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لَا يُفْسِدُ الْمَاءَ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ لَهُ نَفْسٌ سَائِلَةٌ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya in a marfu‘ manner has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Water does not become polluted because of the living things which do not have spurting blood when a cut is made in its body.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ فِي السَّامِّ أَبْرَصَ‌ يَقَعُ فِي الْبِئْرِ قَالَ

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لَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ حَرِّكِ الْمَاءَ بِالدَّلْوِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn Salim from Ahmad ibn al-Nadr from ‘Amr ibn Shimr from Jabir who has said the following: “This is about the case of al-Sam al-Abras (a poisonous snake) that falls in the well. Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not harmful. Just stir the water with the bucket.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[2]في الصحاح سام أبرص من كبار الوزغ و هو معرفة إلّا أنّه تعريف جنس و هما اسمان جعلا واحدا ان شئت أعربت الأول و أضفته إلى الثاني و إن شئت بنيت الأول على الفتح و أعربت الثاني باعراب ما لا ينصرف.ص 5

[3]حمله الشيخ في التهذيب ج 1 ص 70 على عدم التفسخ و قال: إذا تفسخ نزح منها سبع دلاء.ص 5

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَمَّا يَقَعُ فِي الْآبَارِ فَقَالَ أَمَّا الْفَأْرَةُ وَ أَشْبَاهُهَا فَيُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا سَبْعُ دِلَاءٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يَتَغَيَّرَ الْمَاءُ فَيُنْزَحَ حَتَّى يَطِيبَ فَإِنْ سَقَطَ فِيهَا كَلْبٌ فَقَدَرْتَ أَنْ تَنْزَحَ مَاءَهَا فَافْعَلْ وَ كُلُّ شَيْ‌ءٍ وَقَعَ فِي الْبِئْرِ لَيْسَ لَهُ دَمٌ مِثْلُ الْعَقْرَبِ وَ الْخَنَافِسِ وَ أَشْبَاهِ ذَلِكَ فَلَا بَأْسَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about things that fall into the wells. He (the Imam) said, ‘Because of rats and similar things, seven buckets of water must be drawn out, unless the water is changed, in which case drawing water out must continue until it becomes clean. If a dog falls in it, if you can, draw all of the water out. Falling in a well of anything without blood like a scorpion or beetle and similar things is not harmful.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِذَا سَقَطَ فِي الْبِئْرِ شَيْ‌ءٌ صَغِيرٌ فَمَاتَ فِيهَا فَانْزَحْ مِنْهَا دِلَاءً وَ إِنْ وَقَعَ فِيهَا جُنُبٌ فَانْزَحْ مِنْهَا سَبْعَ دِلَاءٍ فَإِنْ مَاتَ فِيهَا بَعِيرٌ أَوْ صُبَّ فِيهَا خَمْرٌ فَلْيُنْزَحْ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ibn Muskan from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If something small falls in a well and dies, then take a few buckets of water out. If a person involved in sexual activities (because of which Ghusl (bath) is obligatory) falls in it, you must draw seven buckets of water out thereof. If a camel dies in it or wine is poured in it then you must draw out all of the water.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]يعني الجميع كما رواه الشيخ في التهذيب ج 1 ص 68 و الاستبصار ج 1 ص 34 و زاد فيه« فلينزح الماء كله».ص 6

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ذَبَحَ شَاةً فَاضْطَرَبَتْ وَ وَقَعَتْ فِي بِئْرِ مَاءٍ وَ أَوْدَاجُهَا تَشْخُبُ دَماً هَلْ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْبِئْرِ قَالَ يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا مَا بَيْنَ الثَّلَاثِينَ إِلَى الْأَرْبَعِينَ دَلْواً ثُمَّ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ذَبَحَ دَجَاجَةً أَوْ حَمَامَةً فَوَقَعَتْ فِي بِئْرٍ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يُتَوَضَّأَ مِنْهَا قَالَ يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا دِلَاءٌ يَسِيرَةٌ ثُمَّ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَسْتَقِي مِنْ بِئْرٍ فَيَرْعُفُ فِيهَا هَلْ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا قَالَ يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا دِلَاءٌ يَسِيرَةٌ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-‘Amrakiy ibn Ali from Ali ibn Ja‘far who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who slaughters a sheep and due to the shock it falls into the water well with blood gushing from its veins. Can one take Wudu’ from such well? He (the Imam) said, ’One must draw out thirty to forty buckets of water, then one can take Wudu’ with its water and it is not harmful.’ I then asked about a man who slaughters a chicken or pigeon and it falls into the well. Can one take Wudu’ with water from such well? He (the Imam) said, ‘A few buckets of water must be taken out, then one can take Wudu’.’ I then asked about someone from whose nostril blood falls into the well can one then take Wudu’ with water from such well? He (the Imam) said, ‘A few buckets of water must be taken out.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]الاوداج: عروق العنق واحدها ودج. و تشخب- بالمعجمتين-: تسيل.ص 6

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ بِئْرٌ يُخْرَجُ فِي مَائِهَا قِطَعُ جُلُودٍ قَالَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ إِنَّ الْوَزَغَ رُبَّمَا طَرَحَ جِلْدَهُ وَ قَالَ يَكْفِيكَ دَلْوٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ’Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from those whom he has mentioned who have said the following: “I once said to abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), that there is a water-well and with its water pieces of skin come out. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not anything. Perhaps a frog sheds its skin.’ He (the Imam) said that one bucket of water is sufficient for you.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْحَبْلِ يَكُونُ مِنْ شَعْرِ الْخِنْزِيرِ يُسْتَقَى بِهِ الْمَاءُ مِنَ الْبِئْرِ هَلْ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about a rope made of the hairs of hogs which is used to take out water from the well. Can Wudu’ be made with such water? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْعَذِرَةِ تَقَعُ فِي الْبِئْرِ قَالَ يُنْزَحُ مِنْهَا عَشَرَةُ دِلَاءٍ فَإِنْ ذَابَتْ فَأَرْبَعُونَ أَوْ خَمْسُونَ دَلْواً.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the falling of feces into a well. He (the Imam) said, ‘Ten buckets of water must be taken out and if it has disintegrated then forty or fifty buckets of water must be taken out.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع بِئْرٌ يُسْتَقَى مِنْهَا وَ يُتَوَضَّأُ بِهِ وَ يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ الثِّيَابُ وَ يُعْجَنُ بِهِ ثُمَّ يُعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِيهَا مَيِّتٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ وَ لَا يُغْسَلُ مِنْهُ الثَّوْبُ وَ لَا تُعَادُ مِنْهُ الصَّلَاةُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

12. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from ‘Abd al-Karim from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, that there was a well from which people drank, took Wudu’, washed their clothes and flour was made into dough with its water, and then a dead body was found in it. He (the Imam) said, ‘It does not matter, there is no need to wash clothes or perform Salah (prayer) again.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.