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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ أَقَلِّ مَا يَجِبُ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةُ مِنَ الْحَرْثِ‌

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الزَّكَاةِ فِي الزَّبِيبِ وَ التَّمْرِ فَقَالَ فِي كُلِّ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسَاقٍ وَسْقٌ وَ الْوَسْقُ سِتُّونَ صَاعاً وَ الزَّكَاةُ فِيهِمَا سَوَاءٌ فَأَمَّا الطَّعَامُ فَالْعُشُرُ فِيمَا سَقَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَ أَمَّا مَا سُقِيَ بِالْغَرْبِ‌ وَ الدَّوَالِي فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ نِصْفُ الْعُشْرِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about Zakat on raisins and dates. He (the Imam) said, ‘On every five awsaq (a certain measurement) there is one wasq. One wasq is sixty Sa‘. The amount of Zakat on both items is of the same amount. Of food items what is watered by rain from the sky Zakat is one out of ten, but if it is watered with use of energy and buckets Zakat on it is one of twenty.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]الغرب- كغضب-: الماء السائل بين البئر و الحوض يقطر من الدلاء و الدلو العظيمة.( المجمع)ص 512

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَشْيَمَ‌ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالا

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ذَكَرْنَا لَهُ الْكُوفَةَ وَ مَا وُضِعَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الْخَرَاجِ وَ مَا سَارَ فِيهَا أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ طَوْعاً تُرِكَتْ أَرْضُهُ فِي يَدِهِ وَ أُخِذَ مِنْهُ الْعُشْرُ مِمَّا سَقَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَنْهَارُ وَ نِصْفُ الْعُشْرِ مِمَّا كَانَ بِالرِّشَاءِ فِيمَا عَمَرُوهُ مِنْهَا وَ مَا لَمْ يَعْمُرُوهُ مِنْهَا أَخَذَهُ الْإِمَامُ فَقَبَّلَهُ مِمَّنْ يَعْمُرُهُ وَ كَانَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ عَلَى الْمُتَقَبِّلِينَ فِي حِصَصِهِمُ الْعُشْرُ وَ نِصْفُ الْعُشْرِ وَ لَيْسَ فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسَاقٍ‌ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ مَا أُخِذَ بِالسَّيْفِ فَذَلِكَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ يُقَبِّلُهُ بِالَّذِي يَرَى كَمَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِخَيْبَرَ قَبَّلَ سَوَادَهَا وَ بَيَاضَهَا يَعْنِي أَرْضَهَا وَ نَخْلَهَا وَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ لَا يَصْلُحُ قَبَالَةُ الْأَرْضِ وَ النَّخْلِ وَ قَدْ قَبَّلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص خَيْبَرَ وَ عَلَى الْمُتَقَبِّلِينَ سِوَى قَبَالَةِ الْأَرْضِ الْعُشْرُ وَ نِصْفُ الْعُشْرِ فِي حِصَصِهِمْ وَ قَالَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الطَّائِفِ أَسْلَمُوا وَ جَعَلُوا عَلَيْهِمُ الْعُشْرَ وَ نِصْفَ الْعُشْرِ وَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ دَخَلَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْوَةً فَكَانُوا أُسَرَاءَ فِي يَدِهِ فَأَعْتَقَهُمْ وَ قَالَ اذْهَبُوا فَأَنْتُمُ الطُّلَقَاءُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn Ahmad ibn ‘Ushaym from Safwan ibn Yahya and Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “Once we spoke to him (the Imam) about al-Kufah and of taxes levied and where his family has moved. He (the Imam) said, ‘Those who willingly accepted Islam their land was left in their hands. One out of ten is received from them for what is watered from the sky and canals. There is one out of twenty for what is watered by means of drawing water of what they have revived. What is not revived is under the authority of Imam who contracts with those who revive it. The share of the Muslims on the contractors is one out of ten or one out of twenty and Zakat is not due on what is less than twenty Awsaq. Whatever land is taken by the sword (Armed forces), it belong to the Imam who contracts it with whomever he deems proper, just as the Messenger of Allah did with the land of Khaybar and its black and white, its land and gardens. People would say land and palm trees are not proper for contract. The Messenger of Allah contracted the land of Khaybar and the contractors were to pay one out of ten or one out of twenty.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘People of Ta’if accepted Islam and they were to pay one out of ten or one out of twenty. There is the case of people of Makkah, where the Messenger of Allah entered by force, who became his captives, he set them free. Saying, “Go, you are set free.’””

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[1]الرشاء: الحبل و الجمع أرشية.ص 513

[2]هذا مجمع عليه بين الاصحاب.( آت)ص 513

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ

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قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ فِيمَا سَقَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَنْهَارُ إِذَا كَانَ سَيْحاً أَوْ كَانَ بَعْلًا الْعُشْرُ وَ مَا سَقَتِ السَّوَانِي‌ وَ الدَّوَالِي أَوْ سُقِيَ بِالْغَرْبِ فَنِصْفُ الْعُشْرِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Zakat on what is watered by canals or rain from the sky, is one out of ten and on what is watered by means of scoops and buckets and what trickles thereby is one out of twenty.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]السيح: الماء الجاري. و البعل: ما سقته السماء و قال الأصمعى: هو ما شرب بعروقه من غير سقى و لا سماء. و السوانى: جمع سانية و هي الناقة الناضحة. و الغرب: الدلو العظيمة.ص 513

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع

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أَنَّهُمَا قَالا لَهُ هَذِهِ الْأَرْضُ الَّتِي يُزَارِعُ أَهْلُهَا مَا تَرَى فِيهَا فَقَالَ كُلُّ أَرْضٍ دَفَعَهَا إِلَيْكَ السُّلْطَانُ فَمَا حَرَثْتَهُ فِيهَا فَعَلَيْكَ فِيمَا أَخْرَجَ اللَّهُ مِنْهَا الَّذِي قَاطَعَكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى جَمِيعِ مَا أَخْرَجَ اللَّهُ مِنْهَا الْعُشْرُ إِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْعُشْرُ فِيمَا يَحْصُلُ فِي يَدِكَ بَعْدَ مُقَاسَمَتِهِ لَكَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from abu Basir and Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “The two of them asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the land cultivated by the people. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you contract such land from government then out of what Allah makes it grow, comes your share according to the terms of the contract. One out of ten is not payable from its gross harvest. One out of ten is due on your net dividend.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ أَقَلِّ مَا يَجِبُ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةُ مِنَ الْبُرِّ وَ الشَّعِيرِ وَ التَّمْرِ وَ الزَّبِيبِ فَقَالَ خَمْسَةُ أَوْسَاقٍ بِوَسْقِ النَّبِيِّ ص فَقُلْتُ كَمِ الْوَسْقُ قَالَ سِتُّونَ صَاعاً قُلْتُ فَهَلْ عَلَى الْعِنَبِ زَكَاةٌ أَوْ إِنَّمَا تَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا صَيَّرَهُ زَبِيباً قَالَ نَعَمْ إِذَا خَرَصَهُ أَخْرَجَ زَكَاتَهُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Barqiy from Sa‘d ibn Sa‘d al-Ash’ariy who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the minimum Zakat due on wheat, barley, dates and raisins. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is one wasaq out of five Awsaq of wasq of the Holy prophet.’ I then asked, ‘How much is wasaq?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is sixty Sa‘.’ I then asked, ‘Is there Zakat on grapes or that there is Zakat on it only when it is turned into raisins. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, when he estimates it then pays its Zakat.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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فِيمَا سَقَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَنْهَارُ أَوْ كَانَ بَعْلًا الْعُشْرُ وَ أَمَّا مَا سَقَتِ السَّوَانِي وَ الدَّوَالِي فَنِصْفُ العُشْرِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَالْأَرْضُ تَكُونُ عِنْدَنَا تُسْقَى بِالدَّوَالِي ثُمَّ يَزِيدُ الْمَاءُ فَتُسْقَى سَيْحاً فَقَالَ وَ إِنَّ ذَا لَيَكُونُ عِنْدَكُمْ كَذَلِكَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ النِّصْفُ وَ النِّصْفُ نِصْفٌ بِنِصْفِ الْعُشْرِ وَ نِصْفٌ بِالْعُشْرِ فَقُلْتُ الْأَرْضُ تُسْقَى بِالدَّوَالِي ثُمَّ يَزِيدُ الْمَاءُ فَتُسْقَى السَّقْيَةَ وَ السَّقْيَتَيْنِ سَيْحاً قَالَ وَ فِي كَمْ تُسْقَى السَّقْيَةَ وَ السَّقْيَتَيْنِ سَيْحاً قُلْتُ فِي ثَلَاثِينَ لَيْلَةً أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً وَ قَدْ مَضَتْ‌ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْأَرْضِ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ سَبْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ قَالَ نِصْفُ الْعُشْرِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn Shurayh who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Zakat is one out of ten on what is watered from canals or rain from the sky and it is one out of twenty on what is watered by means of scoops and buckets. I then said that we have a certain piece of land, which is watered, by means of buckets, then water increases and it then is watered from canals. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Is it how it is with you?’ I replied, ‘Yes, that is how it is.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It then is half and half. Zakat on one half is one out of ten and on the other half it is one out of twenty.’ I then said, ‘There is a piece of land which is watered by means of buckets and then water increases, it then is watered once or twice from canals.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘Within what time once or twice watering takes place?’ I replied, ‘It happens within thirty or forty nights and before it a period of six or seven months has passed. He (the Imam) said, ‘It (Zakat) is one out of twenty.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[2]البعل: الزوج و يستعار للنخل و هو ما يشرب بعروقه من الأرض فاستغنى عن ان يستسقى و قوله عليه السلام:« و ما سقت السوانى و الدوالى إلخ» السوانى: جمع سانية و هي الناقة التي يستقى بها و الدالية المجنون تديرها البقرة و يستقى بها( كذا في هامش المطبوع).ص 514

[3]في الاستبصار ج 2 ص 16« و قد مكث».ص 514

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ التَّمْرِ وَ الزَّبِيبِ مَا أَقَلُّ مَا تَجِبُ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةُ فَقَالَ خَمْسَةُ أَوْسَاقٍ وَ يُتْرَكُ مِعَافَأْرَةٍ وَ أُمُّ جُعْرُورٍ لَا يُزَكَّيَانِ وَ إِنْ كَثُرَا وَ يُتْرَكُ لِلْحَارِسِ الْعَذْقُ وَ الْعَذْقَانِ وَ الْحَارِسُ يَكُونُ فِي النَّخْلِ يَنْظُرُهُ فَيُتْرَكُ ذَلِكَ لِعِيَالِهِ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about dates and raisins and the minimum amount on which Zakat is due. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is five Awsaq. Zakat is not due on Mi‘afarah and ‘Umm al-Ja’rur (two undesirable kinds of dates) even if it is of a large quantity. One or two tree is left for the guard who looks after them and he leaves it for his family.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[4]معافارة و أم جعرور ضربان رديان من اردى التمر( مجمع البحرين) و العذق: النخلة بحملها.( القاموس)ص 514