About the Darkness of the Heart of the Hypocrite Even Though He Has a Tongue and the Light of the Heart of the Believer Even Though His Tongue May Fall Short

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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قَالَ لَنَا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ‌ تَجِدُ الرَّجُلَ لَا يُخْطِئُ بِلَامٍ وَ لَا وَاوٍ خَطِيباً مِصْقَعاً وَ لَقَلْبُهُ أَشَدُّ ظُلْمَةً مِنَ اللَّيْلِ الْمُظْلِمِ وَ تَجِدُ الرَّجُلَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ يُعَبِّرُ عَمَّا فِي قَلْبِهِ بِلِسَانِهِ وَ قَلْبُهُ يَزْهَرُ كَمَا يَزْهَرُ الْمِصْبَاحُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Faddal from Ali ibn ‘Uqbah from ‘Amr from abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “One day the Imam said to us, ‘You may find a man who does not make any mistakes of the size of letter ‘L’ or ‘W’ and he is an exuberant speaker while his heart is darker than the darkest night. You may also find a man who is not able to express what is in his heart with his tongue while his heart shines like a lantern.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

Hadith gradings

مجهولAllamah Baqir al-MajlisiMirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (1/257)

الهوامش · 1⌄

^[2]مصقع بالسين و الصاد كمنبر: البليغ أو عالى الصوت أو من لا يرتج عليه في كلامه.ص 422

No. ١٨٥chapter #1vol. 8 · page 167

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سَهْلٌ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ:

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كَأَنِّي بِالْقَائِمِ ع عَلَى مِنْبَرِ الْكُوفَةِ عَلَيْهِ قَبَاءٌ فَيُخْرِجُ مِنْ وَرَيَانِ قَبَائِهِ‌ كِتَاباً مَخْتُوماً بِخَاتَمٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَيَفُكُّهُ فَيَقْرَؤُهُ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَيُجْفِلُونَ عَنْهُ إِجْفَالَ الْغَنَمِ‌ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ إِلَّا النُّقَبَاءُ فَيَتَكَلَّمُ بِكَلَامٍ فَلَا يَلْحَقُونَ مَلْجَأً حَتَّى يَرْجِعُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ إِنِّي لَأَعْرِفُ الْكَلَامَ الَّذِي يَتَكَلَّمُ بِهِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

185. Sahl, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from one of his men, who has narrated the following: Abu Abdullah (asws) said: ‘It is as if I (asws) am with Al-Qaim (asws) ascended upon the Pulpit of Al-Kufa having a gown from which he (asws) takes out a sealed letter sealed with a golden seal. So he (asws) opens it and reads it out to the people. They run away from him (asws) like the frightened sheep. So there does not remain any except for the heads (commanders). So he (asws) speaks by a speech and they do not find a shelter until they return back to him (asws). And I (asws) know of the speech that he (asws) will be speaking by’.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

Hadith gradings

ضعيفAllamah Baqir al-MajlisiMirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (16/36)
لم يخرجهShaykh Baqir al-BehbudiSahih al-Kafi

الهوامش · 2⌄

^[1]« من وريان قبائه» أي من جيبه كما ذكره المطرزى.( آت)ص 167

^[2]الجفل: النفر و الشرد. و اجفلوا أي هربوا مسرعين. و قوله:« إلا النقباء» قال الجوهريّ:ص 167

No. ٢chapter #2vol. 2 · pages 422-423

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ‌ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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إِنَّ الْقُلُوبَ أَرْبَعَةٌ- قَلْبٌ فِيهِ نِفَاقٌ وَ إِيمَانٌ وَ قَلْبٌ مَنْكُوسٌ وَ قَلْبٌ مَطْبُوعٌ وَ قَلْبٌ أَزْهَرُ أَجْرَدُ فَقُلْتُ مَا الْأَزْهَرُ قَالَ فِيهِ كَهَيْئَةِ السِّرَاجِ فَأَمَّا الْمَطْبُوعُ فَقَلْبُ الْمُنَافِقِ وَ أَمَّا الْأَزْهَرُ فَقَلْبُ الْمُؤْمِنِ إِنْ‌ أَعْطَاهُ شَكَرَ وَ إِنِ ابْتَلَاهُ صَبَرَ وَ أَمَّا الْمَنْكُوسُ فَقَلْبُ الْمُشْرِكِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- أَ فَمَنْ يَمْشِي مُكِبًّا عَلى‌ وَجْهِهِ أَهْدى‌ أَمَّنْ يَمْشِي سَوِيًّا عَلى‌ صِراطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ‌ فَأَمَّا الْقَلْبُ الَّذِي فِيهِ إِيمَانٌ وَ نِفَاقٌ فَهُمْ قَوْمٌ كَانُوا بِالطَّائِفِ فَإِنْ أَدْرَكَ أَحَدَهُمْ أَجَلُهُ عَلَى نِفَاقِهِ هَلَكَ وَ إِنْ أَدْرَكَهُ عَلَى إِيمَانِهِ نَجَا.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from Harun ibn al-Jahm from al-Mufaddal from Sa’d from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “There are four kinds of hearts: the heart in which there is hypocrisy and belief, the heart that is upside down, the heart that is stamped and the heart that is Azhar and is free. I then asked, ‘What is ‘Azhar’? The Imam said, ‘In it (the heart) there is something like a lamp. The stamped heart is the heart of hypocrite. Azhar is the heart of the believer who upon receiving favors, thanks, and in suffering exercises patience. The upside down heart is the heart of the pagans.’ The Imam then read this verse: ‘Can one who walks with his head hanging down be better guided than one who walks with his head upright?’ (67:22) The heart with belief and hypocrisy therein was the heart of a people in Ta’if. If death seized one of them upon his hypocrisy, he perished, and if it approached him upon belief he gained salvation.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

Hadith gradings

مختلف فيهAllamah Baqir al-MajlisiMirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (11/257)

الهوامش · 3⌄

^[3]الظاهر أن المفضل هو أبو جميلة لروايته عن سعد( آت).ص 422

^[1]الملك: 22.ص 423

^[2]المراد بالذى فيه إيمان و نفاق هو قلب من آمن ببعض ما جاء به النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه و آله و جحد بعضه أو الشاك الذي يعبد اللّه على حرف.ص 423

No. ٣chapter #3vol. 2 · page 423

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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الْقُلُوبُ ثَلَاثَةٌ قَلْبٌ مَنْكُوسٌ لَا يَعِي شَيْئاً مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَ هُوَ قَلْبُ الْكَافِرِ وَ قَلْبٌ فِيهِ نُكْتَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ فَالْخَيْرُ وَ الشَّرُّ فِيهِ يَعْتَلِجَانِ‌ فَأَيُّهُمَا كَانَتْ مِنْهُ غَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ‌ وَ قَلْبٌ مَفْتُوحٌ فِيهِ مَصَابِيحُ تَزْهَرُ وَ لَا يُطْفَأُ نُورُهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ هُوَ قَلْبُ الْمُؤْمِنِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from abu Hamza al-Thumali from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Hearts are of three kinds: an upside down heart that holds nothing good is the heart of an unbeliever. The heart in which there is a black dot, thus, good and evil duel therein. Whichever dominates the heart defeats the other. There is the open heart. In it lamps shine and its light does not extinguish until the Day of Judgment and that is the heart of a believer.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

Hadith gradings

ضعيف على المشهورAllamah Baqir al-MajlisiMirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (11/260)

الهوامش · 3⌄

^[3]أي لا يحفظ. وعاه يعيه: حفظه و جمعه كاوعاه.ص 423

^[4]الاعتلاج: المصارعة و ما يشابهها( فى).ص 423

^[5]« منه» للسببية و الضمير للقلب و في بعض النسخ‌[ علت‌] من علا يعلو.ص 423