Saying Takbir (Allah Is Great Beyond Description) in the First Night of Shawwal

1. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abdillah from his father from Khalaf ibn Hammad from Sa‘id al-Naqqash who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) said to me, ‘On al-Fitr (first day of the month of Shawwal), there is Takbir (saying ‘Allah is greater than what can be described’), but it is concealed.’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘Where is it?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is during the night of al-Fitr, in Maghrib and the last ‘Isha’, and in the Fajr salat (prayer) and in the salat of ‘Id, and then it is cut-off.’ I then asked, ‘How do I say it?’ He replied, 'say, ‘Allah is the greatest (beyond description), Allah is the greatest, there is no god but Allah, and Allah is the greatest, Allah is the greatest, all praise belongs to Allah, Allah is greatest upon what He guided us.' This is in the words of Allah, the most Majestic and Glorious, “So you can complete the number’, (2:182) meaning, the fasts, ‘and that you should exclaim the Greatness of Allah for His having Guided you.” (2:185) A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Asbat from Khalaf ibn Hammad a similar Hadith.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from those whom he has mentioned from abu al-Mighra’ from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is about the case of a man who had purchased a sheep and had kept it for three days; then returned it, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If during those three days he had consumed its milk he returns it with three handful of food. If the sheep did not have any milk he then does not owe anything.”’ Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), a similar Hadith.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih from abu ‘ Ubaydah who has said the following: “Once abu Ja’far (a.s.), was asked about the case of a castrated man who marries a woman, assigns mahr (dower) for her and she knows that he is castrated. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is permissible.’ It then was said that he lives with her as long as Allah wills, then divorces her; if she has any waiting period. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, because he has enjoyed her and she from him.’ It then was asked, ‘For whatever they may have done is there Ghusl (bath) on them because of it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If there has been enjoyment and because of him she has ejaculated, then Ghusl (bath) is obligatory on her.’ It then was asked, ‘Can he ask for refund of mahr (dower) in case he divorces her?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who said: "You should say Takbir in the night of al-Fitr and in the morning of al-Fitr, just as you say Takbir during the tenth (day of the month of Dhu al-Hajjah).”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Qasim ibn Yahya from his grandfather, al-Hassan ibn Rashid who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘People say that forgiveness descends upon the fasting people during the month of Ramadan in the night of destiny.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘O al- Hassan, al-Qarijar (a worker) receives his wages upon completion of his task on the night of ‘Id (first of Shawwal).’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what then should we do?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When it is sunset, take a shower, and when you complete al-Maghrib salat (prayer), raise your hands and say, “O Generous, O Benevolent, O Munificent, O the One who chose Muhammad and helped him, I appeal before You to grant salawat (favors and compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause). Forgive all of my sins that I have committed and You have counted against me, but I have forgotten them and they are before You in Your book.” Then bow down for prostration and say one hundred times, “I turn in repentance to Allah” while prostrating and ask for your wishes.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.