Usul16

Chapter on Fasting on the Day of Doubt

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No. ١٩٣٠chapter #1vol. 2 · page 128
faqih-1929

سُئِلَ الصَّادِقُ ع‌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْلَمَ فِي النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ صِيَامِهِ فَقَالَ

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لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَصُومَ إِلَّا مَا أَسْلَمَ فِيهِ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ مَا قَدْ مَضَى مِنْهُ‌.

Read English translationBab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn

Hadith.1930 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about a man who converted to Islam in the middle of the Month of Ramadan: What is required of him in terms of fasting? Imam (as) said: "He is only required to fast the days remaining from when he became Muslim, and he is not obligated to make up the days that have already passed."

Translation: Bab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[3]لا خلاف في سقوط القضاء عن الكافر بعد الإسلام و المراد الكافر الاصلى أما غيره كالمرتدّ و من انتحل الإسلام من الفرق المحكوم بكفرها كالخوارج و الغلاة فيجب عليهم القضاء قطعا، و لو استبصر المخالف وجب عليه قضاء ما فاته من العبادات دون ما أتى به سوى الزكاة.( المرآة).ص 128

No. ١٩٣١chapter #2vol. 2 · page 129
faqih-1930

وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعِيصِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْمٍ أَسْلَمُوا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَدْ مَضَى مِنْهُ أَيَّامٌ هَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَصُومُوا مَا مَضَى مِنْهُ أَوْ يَوْمَهُمُ الَّذِي أَسْلَمُوا فِيهِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَضَاءٌ وَ لَا يَوْمُهُمُ الَّذِي أَسْلَمُوا فِيهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونُوا أَسْلَمُوا فِيهِ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ.

Read English translationBab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn

Hadith.1931 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Al-'Is ibn al-Qasim, who said: "I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a group of people who converted to Islam during the Month of Ramadan after some days had passed. Are they required to fast the days that have passed, or the day they embraced Islam? Imam (as) said: 'They are not required to make up the missed days or to fast on the day they embraced Islam, unless they embraced Islam before the break of dawn on that day.'"

Translation: Bab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[1]هذا أحد القولين في المسألة و نقل عن الشيخ( ره) قال في المبسوط: وجوب الصوم إذا كان الإسلام قبل الزوال و قوّاه في المعتبر( سلطان) و قال العلّامة المجلسيّ:ص 129

No. ١٩٢٤chapter #3vol. 2 · page 127
faqih-1923

وَ سَأَلَ بَشِيرٌ النَّبَّالُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ الشَّكِّ فَقَالَ

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صُمْهُ‌ فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ كَانَ تَطَوُّعاً وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَيَوْمٌ وُفِّقْتَ لَهُ.

Read English translationBab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn

Hadith.1924 - Bashir al-Nabbal asked Abu Abdullah (as) about fasting on the day of doubt. Imam (as) said: "Fast it. If it turns out to be from Sha'ban, it is a voluntary fast, and if it turns out to be from Month of Ramadan, then it is a day you were fortunate to have fasted."

Translation: Bab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[2]أي بنيّة الندب.ص 127

No. ١٩٢٥chapter #4vol. 2 · page 127
faqih-1924

وَ سَأَلَهُ عَبْدُ اَلْكَرِيمِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فَقَالَ:

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إِنِّي جَعَلْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ أَصُومَ حَتَّى يَقُومَ اَلْقَائِمُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ «لاَ تَصُمْ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ وَ لاَ فِي اَلْعِيدَيْنِ وَ لاَ فِي أَيَّامِ اَلتَّشْرِيقِ وَ لاَ اَلْيَوْمِ اَلَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ ».

Read English translationBab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn

Hadith.1925 - Abd al-Karim ibn Amr asked Imam (as): "I have made a vow upon myself to fast until the Qa'im (as) rises." Imam (as) said: "Do not fast during travel, on the two Eids, on the days of Tashriq, or on the day of doubt."

Translation: Bab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 3⌄

[3]يدل على مرجوحيّة صوم النافلة في السفر.ص 127

[4]يعني إذا كنت بمنى ناسكا.ص 127

[5]حمل على الصوم بنية أنّه من شهر رمضان.ص 127

No. ١٩٢٦chapter #5vol. 2 · page 127
faqih-1925

وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ:

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كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يَشُكُّ فِيهِ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ اذْهَبْ فَانْظُرْ أَ صَامَ الْأَمِيرُ أَمْ لَا فَذَهَبَ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَالَ لَا فَدَعَا بِالْغَدَاءِ فَتَغَدَّيْنَا مَعَهُ.

Read English translationBab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn

Hadith.1926 - It is narrated from Isa ibn Abi Mansur, who said: "I was with Abu Abdullah (as) on the day when people were uncertain (whether it was the first of Month of Ramadan or not). Imam (as) said: 'O boy, go and see whether the Amir (ruler) has fasted or not.' The boy went and returned, saying: ''No, he has not fasted.' Then Imam (as) called for lunch, and we ate with him."

Translation: Bab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[6]في بعض النسخ« هل صام الامير».ص 127

No. ١٩٢٨chapter #7vol. 2 · page 128
faqih-1927

وَ قَالَ ع‌ لَا دِينَ لِمَنْ لَا تَقِيَّةَ لَهُ‌.

Read English translationBab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn

Hadith.1928 - Imam (as) said: "There is no religion for the one who has no taqiyyah (dissimulation)."

Translation: Bab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[1]رواه الكليني ج 2 ص 217 في الحسن كالصحيح عن أبي عمر الأعجمى عنه عليه السلام في حديث.ص 128

No. ١٩٢٩chapter #8vol. 2 · page 128
faqih-1928

وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ الْعَظِيمِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَسَنِيُّ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ

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سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ‌ الصَّوْمُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ الْفِطْرُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ صَامَ قَبْلَ الرُّؤْيَةِ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ وَ أَفْطَرَ قَبْلَ الرُّؤْيَةِ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَرَى فِي صَوْمِ يَوْمِ الشَّكِّ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي عَنْ آبَائِهِ ع قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لَأَنْ أَصُومَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ.

Read English translationBab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn

Hadith.1929 - Abd al-Azim ibn Abdullah al-Hasani narrated from Sahl ibn Sa'd, who said: "I heard al-Ridha (as) say: 'Fasting is based on the sighting [of the crescent], and breaking the fast is based on the sighting [of the crescent]. Whoever fasts before sighting the crescent for the sake of sighting, or breaks the fast before sighting the crescent for the sake of sighting, is not one of us.'" I said to him: "O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), what is your view on fasting the day of doubt?" Imam (as) said: "My father narrated to me from my grandfather, from his forefathers (as), who said that Amir al-Mu'minin (as) said: 'Fasting one day of Sha'ban is more beloved to me than breaking my fast for one day in Month of Ramadan.'"

Translation: Bab Ul Qaim Publications — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1⌄

[2]أي لرؤية من لم يثبت الهلال برؤيته( مراد) و قوله:« للرؤية» فى الموضعين ليس في بعض النسخ.ص 128