مَا عُبِدَ اللَّهُ بِشَيْءٍ مِثْلِ الْبَدَاءِ. - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا عُظِّمَ اللَّهُ بِمِثْلِ الْبَدَاءِ[1].
“Allah is best worshipped with belief in al-Bada’. In another Hadith from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said, “Allah’s Greatness is not understood as well as it is understood with example of al-Bada’.”
فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ- يَمْحُوا اللَّهُ ما يَشاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ قَالَ فَقَالَ وَ هَلْ يُمْحَى إِلَّا مَا كَانَ ثَابِتاً وَ هَلْ يُثْبَتُ إِلَّا مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ.
The Imam (a.s.) said, “Can anything be affaced without being established? Can anything be esblished unless it is out of nothing?”
مَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً حَتَّى يَأْخُذَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ خِصَالٍ الْإِقْرَارَ لَهُ بِالْعُبُودِيَّةِ وَ خَلْعَ الْأَنْدَادِ وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُقَدِّمُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مَا يَشَاءُ.
"Allah has not sent a prophet without first taking three pledges from him: acknowledgment of servitude to Him (Allah), renouncement of rivals (associating partners with Allah), and that Allah advances what He wills and delays what He wills."
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- قَضى أَجَلًا وَ أَجَلٌ مُسَمًّى عِنْدَهُ قَالَ هُمَا أَجَلَانِ أَجَلٌ مَحْتُومٌ وَ أَجَلٌ مَوْقُوفٌ.
“I asked the Imam about the words of Allah, “It is He who has created you from clay to live for a life-time and the span of your life is only known to Him. . .” (6:2) The Imam said, “There are two appointed times. One is is a definit time and the other is the conditional one.”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى أَ وَ لَمْ يَرَ الْإِنْسانُ أَنَّا خَلَقْناهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ لَمْ يَكُ شَيْئاً قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا مُقَدَّراً وَ لَا مُكَوَّناً قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ- هَلْ أَتى عَلَى الْإِنْسانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئاً مَذْكُوراً فَقَالَ كَانَ مُقَدَّراً غَيْرَ مَذْكُورٍ.
The Imam (a.s.) said, “It means that he did not exist in a definit or in the form of a being.” I asked the Imam about the words of Allah, “There was certainly a time when there was no mention of the human being” (76:1) The Imam said, “ It was definit but not mentioned.”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ الْعِلْمُ عِلْمَانِ فَعِلْمٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَخْزُونٌ لَمْ يُطْلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَ عِلْمٌ عَلَّمَهُ مَلَائِكَتَهُ وَ رُسُلَهُ فَمَا عَلَّمَهُ مَلَائِكَتَهُ وَ رُسُلَهُ فَإِنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ لَا يُكَذِّبُ نَفْسَهُ وَ لَا مَلَائِكَتَهُ وَ لَا رُسُلَهُ وَ عِلْمٌ عِنْدَهُ مَخْزُونٌ يُقَدِّمُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ مَا يَشَاءُ.
"Knowledge is of two types: One type of knowledge is with Allah, kept hidden, He has not disclosed it to any of His creation. And the other is knowledge which He taught to His angels and His messengers. As for what He taught His angels and His messengers, it will certainly occur; He does not contradict Himself, nor His
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع يَقُولُ مِنَ الْأُمُورِ أُمُورٌ مَوْقُوفَةٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ يُقَدِّمُ مِنْهَا مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مِنْهَا مَا يَشَاءُ.
Through the same chain of narrators it is narrated from Hammad from Rib‘i from Fudayl who said the following: “I heard abu Ja’far, recipient of divine supreme covenant, saying, ‘Of the issues there are those that Allah has withheld. He brings forward whatever He wills and withholds whatever He wills.’”
إِنَّ لِلَّهِ عِلْمَيْنِ عِلْمٌ مَكْنُونٌ مَخْزُونٌ لَا يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا هُوَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ يَكُونُ الْبَدَاءُ- وَ عِلْمٌ عَلَّمَهُ مَلَائِكَتَهُ وَ رُسُلَهُ وَ أَنْبِيَاءَهُ فَنَحْنُ نَعْلَمُهُ.
“Allah has two kinds of knowledge. There is the hidden, treasured knowledge of which no one has any information except Allah. From this knowledge comes al-Bada’. There is the knowledge that Allah has given to His angels, His messengers and His prophets and we know this knowledge.”
مَا بَدَا لِلَّهِ فِي شَيْءٍ إِلَّا كَانَ فِي عِلْمِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْدُوَ لَهُ.
“Nothing appeared to Allah in a thing except that He knew it before al-Bada’ would take place.”
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَبْدُ لَهُ مِنْ جَهْلٍ.
"Al-Bada' does take place to Allah (swt) from ignorance."
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع هَلْ يَكُونُ الْيَوْمَ شَيْءٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ بِالْأَمْسِ قَالَ لَا مَنْ قَالَ هَذَا فَأَخْزَاهُ اللَّهُ قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ مَا كَانَ وَ مَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ أَ لَيْسَ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ قَالَ بَلَى قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ الْخَلْقَ.
I asked abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.), “Can anything happen today that was not in the knowledge of Allah the day before?’ The Imam (a.s.) said, “No, this does not happen. Whoever would say so Allah will make him to suffer a great deal.” I then said, “Do you consider that all that were there and all that will take place up to th
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ لَوْ عَلِمَ النَّاسُ مَا فِي الْقَوْلِ بِالْبَدَاءِ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مَا فَتَرُوا عَنِ الْكَلَامِ فِيهِ.
“I heard Imam abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) saying, ‘Had the people known of the reward in the belief in al-Bada’ there would have been no weakness in their words about it.”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ مَا تَنَبَّأَ نَبِيٌّ قَطُّ حَتَّى يُقِرَّ لِلَّهِ بِخَمْسِ خِصَالٍ بِالْبَدَاءِ وَ الْمَشِيئَةِ وَ السُّجُودِ وَ الْعُبُودِيَّةِ وَ الطَّاعَةِ.
“No prophet has ever proclaimed prophethood before acknowledging before Allah about five things. Acknowledgement of al-Bada’, of the wish of Allah, the prostration, affirmation of worshipping and obedience.”
إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَخْبَرَ مُحَمَّداً ص بِمَا كَانَ مُنْذُ كَانَتِ الدُّنْيَا وَ بِمَا يَكُونُ إِلَى انْقِضَاءِ الدُّنْيَا وَ أَخْبَرَهُ بِالْمَحْتُومِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ اسْتَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا سِوَاهُ.
13. With the same chain of narrators it is narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad from Yunus from Jahm ibn abu Jahma from whom he narrated from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, inform Prophet Muhammad about all that was there from the beginning of
سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ مَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً قَطُّ إِلَّا بِتَحْرِيمِ الْخَمْرِ وَ أَنْ يُقِرَّ لِلَّهِ بِالْبَدَاءِ.
“I heard Imam al-Rida (a.s.) saying, “Allah never sent a prophet without the law that prohibits the use of wine and without belief in al-Bada.’”
سُئِلَ الْعَالِمُ ع كَيْفَ عِلْمُ اللَّهِ قَالَ عَلِمَ وَ شَاءَ وَ أَرَادَ وَ قَدَّرَ وَ قَضَى وَ أَمْضَى فَأَمْضَى مَا قَضَى وَ قَضَى مَا قَدَّرَ وَ قَدَّرَ مَا أَرَادَ فَبِعِلْمِهِ كَانَتِ الْمَشِيئَةُ وَ بِمَشِيئَتِهِ كَانَتِ الْإِرَادَةُ وَ بِإِرَادَتِهِ كَانَ التَّقْدِيرُ وَ بِتَقْدِيرِهِ كَانَ الْقَضَاءُ وَ بِقَضَائِهِ كَانَ الْإِمْضَاءُ وَ الْعِلْمُ مُتَقَدِّمٌ عَلَى الْمَشِيئَةِ وَ الْمَشِيئَةُ ثَانِيَةٌ وَ ا
Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Moalla Bin Muhammad who said, ‘The Knowledgeable one asws was asked, ‘How does Allah azwj Know?’ He asws said: ‘He azwj Knows, and Desires, and Intends, and Determines, and Ordains, and Accomplishes. So He azwj Accomplishes what He azwj Ordains, and Ordains what He azwj Determines, and Dete
لَا يَكُونُ شَيْءٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ لَا فِي السَّمَاءِ إِلَّا بِهَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ السَّبْعِ بِمَشِيئَةٍ وَ إِرَادَةٍ وَ قَدَرٍ وَ قَضَاءٍ وَ إِذْنٍ وَ كِتَابٍ وَ أَجَلٍ فَمَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى نَقْضِ وَاحِدَةٍ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ. - وَ رَوَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَفْصٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ مِثْلَهُ.
“There is nothing in the heavens and on earth without these seven charateristics: the wish, the will, the measure, the decree, the permission, the record and duration.Whoever thinks that he can do without any one of these he has become a unbeliever.” From Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Muhammad ibn Hafs from Muha