سَأَلْتُهُ[2] عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ إِذَا لَمْ تُرَ الشَّمْسُ وَ لَا الْقَمَرُ وَ لَا النُّجُومُ قَالَ اجْتَهِدْ رَأْيَكَ وَ تَعَمَّدِ الْقِبْلَةَ جُهْدَكَ[3].
Strive to come up with your best opinion about al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah).’”
قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا رُبَّمَا اشْتَبَهَ الْوَقْتُ عَلَيْنَا فِي يَوْمِ الْغَيْمِ فَقَالَ تَعْرِفُ هَذِهِ الطُّيُورَ الَّتِي عِنْدَكُمْ بِالْعِرَاقِ يُقَالُ لَهَا الدِّيَكَةُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ إِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ أَصْوَاتُهَا وَ تَجَاوَبَتْ فَقَدْ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَوْ قَالَ فَصَلِّهْ[4].
“A man from our people once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘In a cloudy day sometimes the identifying the exact time becomes confusing.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Are you aware of the existence of these birds, in Iraq, called al-Dikah (rooster)?’ He (the man) replied, ‘Yes, I am aware.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When they raise
إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ وَ أَنْتَ عَلَى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَاسْتَبَانَ لَكَ أَنَّكَ صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ أَنْتَ فِي وَقْتٍ فَأَعِدْ فَإِنْ فَاتَكَ الْوَقْتُ فَلَا تُعِدْ.
‘You may perform a Salah (prayer) without facing al- Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah). You must perform it again, only if you realize it in time. If the time is gone, it is not obligatory for you to perform it again.’”
فِي رَجُلٍ صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ بِلَيْلٍ غَرَّهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْقَمَرُ وَ نَامَ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَأُخْبِرَ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى بِلَيْلٍ قَالَ يُعِيدُ صَلَاتَهُ.
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who performs the morning Salah (prayer) during the night mistakenly because of moon light and then goes to sleep until sunrise and he then is informed of having performed his morning Salah (prayer) during the night, has said, ‘He must perform it again.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي رَجُلٌ مُؤَذِّنٌ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْغَيْمِ لَمْ أَعْرِفِ الْوَقْتَ فَقَالَ إِذَا صَاحَ الدِّيكُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَصْوَاتٍ وِلَاءً فَقَدْ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَ قَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ[1].
“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I am a Mu’adhdhin (caller for Salah (prayer)). On a cloudy day I cannot find when time for a Salah (prayer) begins.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When the rooster crows three times consecutively, it is time when the sun has declined toward the west at noontime, thus it is time for Salah
مَنْ صَلَّى فِي غَيْرِ وَقْتٍ فَلَا صَلَاةَ لَهُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who performs a Salah (prayer) when it is not its time; his Salah (prayer) is not valid.’”
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يُجْزِئُ التَّحَرِّي أَبَداً[2] إِذَا لَمْ يُعْلَمْ أَيْنَ وَجْهُ الْقِبْلَةِ.
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Al-Taharriy (investigation) is always sufficient in the issue of finding al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah).’”
فِي رَجُلٍ صَلَّى عَلَى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَيَعْلَمُ وَ هُوَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَفْرُغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ مُتَوَجِّهاً فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَلْيُحَوِّلْ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ سَاعَةَ يَعْلَمُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُتَوَجِّهاً إِلَى دُبُرِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَلْيَقْطَعِ الصَّلَاةَ ثُمَّ يُحَوِّلُ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ ثُمَّ يَفْتَتِحُ الصَّلَاةَ.
“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a man may perform a Salah (prayer) without facing proper al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah). He may realize it before completing the Salah (prayer). If his face is within one hundred eighty degrees of the al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) he must turn to al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) as soon as he realizes. If his
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ فِي قَفْرٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ[3] فِي يَوْمِ غَيْمٍ فَيُصَلِّي لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ ثُمَّ يُصْحِي[4] فَيَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ فِي وَقْتٍ فَلْيُعِدْ صَلَاتَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مَضَى الْوَقْتُ فَحَسْبُهُ اجْتِهَادُهُ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is in unpopulated land on a cloudy day and performs Salah (prayer) facing a wrong direction. Clouds then clear and he finds out about his Salah (prayer) having been performed facing a wrong direction. What he must do? He (the Imam) said, ‘If there is still time, he m
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ قِبْلَةِ الْمُتَحَيِّرِ فَقَالَ يُصَلِّي حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ. - وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً أَنَّهُ يُصَلِّي إِلَى أَرْبَعِ جَوَانِبَ[1].
“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) for one who is confused. He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs as he wishes.’ It is also narrated that he performs Salah (prayer) facing four directions.”
إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ وَ أَنْتَ تَرَى أَنَّكَ فِي وَقْتٍ وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلِ الْوَقْتُ فَدَخَلَ الْوَقْتُ وَ أَنْتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنْكَ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If you perform Salah (prayer) and you think it is time, when in fact is not time yet, but the time comes when you are still performing that Salah (prayer) it is sufficient.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُصَلِّي إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقُلْتُ أَ كَانَ يَجْعَلُ الْكَعْبَةَ خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ بِمَكَّةَ فَلَا وَ أَمَّا إِذَا هَاجَرَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَنَعَمْ حَتَّى حُوِّلَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘Did the Messenger of Allah perform Salah (prayer) facing Bayt al-Maqdis?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, he did so.’ I then asked, ‘Would he turn his back toward al-Ka‘bah?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘When in Makkah he did not do so; but when he migrated to al-Madinah, he did so until h