بُنِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الْحَجِّ وَ الصَّوْمِ وَ الْوَلَايَةِ وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ.
“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Islam is founded on five isssues. It is founded on Salat (prayer), zakat, al-Hajj, Fasting and al-Wilayat (belief in Divine Authority of ’A’immah). The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Fasting is a shield against the fire of hell.”
لِأَصْحَابِهِ أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَبَاعَدَ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنْكُمْ كَمَا تَبَاعَدَ الْمَشْرِقُ مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ الصَّوْمُ يُسَوِّدُ وَجْهَهُ وَ الصَّدَقَةُ تَكْسِرُ ظَهْرَهُ وَ الْحُبُّ فِي اللَّهِ وَ الْمُوَازَرَةُ عَلَى الْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ يَقْطَعُ دَابِرَهُ وَ الِاسْتِغْفَارُ يَقْطَعُ وَتِينَهُ[2] وَ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ زَكَاةٌ وَ زَكَاةُ الْأَبْدَانِ الصِّيَا
“Abu ‘Abd Allah, has narrated from his ancestors, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, who have stated this Hadith. ‘Once, the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, asked his companions, ‘Should I tell you something which, if you do it, will keep Satan away from you
قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِأَصْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ فَرْعِهِ وَ ذِرْوَتِهِ وَ سَنَامِهِ[1] قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ أَصْلُهُ الصَّلَاةُ وَ فَرْعُهُ الزَّكَاةُ وَ ذِرْوَتُهُ وَ سَنَامُهُ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَ لَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِأَبْوَابِ الْخَيْرِ إِنَّ الصَّوْمَ جُنَّةٌ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once asked me, ‘Should I tell you what the root, the branch, the peak and the highest point of Islam is?’ I replied, ‘Please, do so.’ He said, ‘The root of Islam is salat (prayer), its branch is zakat, and its peak and highest point is al-Jihad in the way of Allah. Should I tell you about the do
لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ زَكَاةٌ وَ زَكَاةُ الْأَجْسَادِ الصَّوْمُ.
“He (the Imam) (a.s.), said, ‘Everything has a cleanser; the cleanser for bodies is fasting.”
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ أَبِي إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَصُومُ يَوْماً تَطَوُّعاً يُرِيدُ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَيُدْخِلُهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ.
“When a person completes a day of optional fasting for the sake of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, Allah admits him in Paradise.’””
إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ الصَّوْمُ لِي وَ أَنَا أَجْزِي عَلَيْهِ[2].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, the most Blessed, the most High, has said, ‘Fasting is for Me, and I reward for it.’”
الصَّبْرُ الصِّيَامُ وَ قَالَ إِذَا نَزَلَتْ بِالرَّجُلِ النَّازِلَةُ وَ الشَّدِيدَةُ فَلْيَصُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- وَ اسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ يَعْنِي الصِّيَامَ.
“This is about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, ‘Seek support through patience.’ (2:45) Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘“Patience” is a reference to fasting.’ He further said, ‘If a man faces severe difficulties, he should fast. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, “Seek sup
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ صَامَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْماً فِي شِدَّةِ الْحَرِّ فَأَصَابَهُ ظَمَأٌ وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يَمْسَحُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَ يُبَشِّرُونَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ مَا أَطْيَبَ رِيحَكَ وَ رَوْحَكَ مَلَائِكَتِي اشْهَدُوا أَنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ[2].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one, for the sake of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, fasts on a very hot day, causing him to experience a great deal of thirst, Allah assigns a thousand angels for his safety who wipe his face until he discontinues his fast.’ Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص الصَّائِمُ فِي عِبَادَةٍ وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ مَا لَمْ يَغْتَبْ مُسْلِماً.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘A fasting person, even when resting in bed, is in the state of worshipping as long as he does not backbite a Muslim.’”
مَنْ كَتَمَ صَوْمَهُ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمَلَائِكَتِهِ عَبْدِي اسْتَجَارَ مِنْ عَذَابِي فَأَجِيرُوهُ وَ وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مَلَائِكَتَهُ بِالدُّعَاءِ لِلصَّائِمِينَ وَ لَمْ يَأْمُرْهُمْ بِالدُّعَاءِ لِأَحَدٍ إِلَّا اسْتَجَابَ لَهُمْ فِيهِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that if a person fasts secretly, Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, says to His angels, ‘My servant has sought protection against my punishment, you must give him protection.’ Allah, the most Blessed, the most High, then assigns His angels to pray for the fasting people and in
إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَكَّلَ مَلَائِكَتَهُ بِالدُّعَاءِ لِلصَّائِمِينَ وَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ ع عَنْ رَبِّهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَا أَمَرْتُ مَلَائِكَتِي بِالدُّعَاءِ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ خَلْقِي إِلَّا اسْتَجَبْتُ لَهُمْ فِيهِ.
Jibril has informed me from his Lord who has said, “When I command My angels to pray in favor of someone, I do not leave their prayers without acceptance.’””
نَوْمُ الصَّائِمِ عِبَادَةٌ وَ نَفَسُهُ تَسْبِيحٌ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a fasting person’s sleeping is also counted as worshipping and his breathing as speaking of the glory of Allah.”
أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى مُوسَى ع مَا يَمْنَعُكَ مِنْ مُنَاجَاتِي فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ أُجِلُّكَ عَنِ الْمُنَاجَاةِ لِخُلُوفِ[1] فَمِ الصَّائِمِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا مُوسَى لَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدِي مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, sent revelation to Moses, thereby asking him, ‘What keeps you from speaking to Me?’ Moses replied, ‘It is to keep away the bad breath of fasting in order to respect your glory.’ Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, then sent him
قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع قِيلُوا[2] فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُطْعِمُ الصَّائِمَ وَ يَسْقِيهِ فِي مَنَامِهِ.
“Abu al-Hassan (a.s.), has said, ‘Rest in the form of a short nap between sunrise and noontime; Allah gives food and water to a fasting person during his sleep.”’
لِلصَّائِمِ فَرْحَتَانِ فَرْحَةٌ عِنْدَ إِفْطَارِهِ وَ فَرْحَةٌ عِنْدَ لِقَاءِ رَبِّهِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a fasting person enjoys two occasions of happiness: one is at the time of ending his fast, and the other is when he meets his Lord.”
إِذَا رَأَى الصَّائِمُ قَوْماً يَأْكُلُونَ أَوْ رَجُلًا يَأْكُلُ سَجَّتْ كُلُّ شَعْرَةٍ مِنْهُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when a fasting person observes people or a person eating food, every piece of his hair feels a kind of covering (tranquility).”
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَنْ صَامَ لِلَّهِ يَوْماً فِي شِدَّةِ الْحَرِّ فَأَصَابَهُ ظَمَأٌ وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يَمْسَحُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَ يُبَشِّرُونَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَا أَطْيَبَ رِيحَكَ وَ رَوْحَكَ مَلَائِكَتِي اشْهَدُوا أَنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one, for the sake of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, fasts on a very hot day, causing him to experience a great deal of thirst, Allah assigns a thousand angels for his safety who wipe his face until the time he discontinues his fast. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most