Disciplines During Fasting

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِذَا صُمْتَ فَلْيَصُمْ سَمْعُكَ وَ بَصَرُكَ وَ شَعْرُكَ وَ جِلْدُكَ وَ عَدَّدَ أَشْيَاءَ غَيْرَ هَذَا وَ قَالَ لَا يَكُونُ يَوْمُ صَوْمِكَ كَيَوْمِ فِطْرِكَ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you fast, your ears, eyes, hairs and skin must also fast . . counting other things also, the Imam said that ‘the day of you

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص- لِجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَا جَابِرُ هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ مَنْ صَامَ نَهَارَهُ وَ قَامَ وِرْداً مِنْ لَيْلِهِ‌[2] وَ عَفَّ بَطْنُهُ وَ فَرْجُهُ وَ كَفَّ لِسَانَهُ خَرَجَ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ كَخُرُوجِهِ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ فَقَالَ جَابِرٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أَحْسَنَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يَا جَابِرُ وَ مَا أَشَدَّ هَذِهِ الشُّرُوطَ.

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once said to Jabir ibn ‘Abd Allah, “O Jabir, this is the month of Ramadan. Anyone who fasts during its days, stands for salat (prayer) during its nights, maintains his st

إِنَّ الصِّيَامَ لَيْسَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَ الشَّرَابِ وَحْدَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَتْ مَرْيَمُ- إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمنِ صَوْماً أَيْ صَوْماً صَمْتاً وَ فِي نُسْخَةٍ أُخْرَى أَيْ صَمْتاً فَإِذَا صُمْتُمْ فَاحْفَظُوا أَلْسِنَتَكُمْ وَ غُضُّوا أَبْصَارَكُمْ وَ لَا تَنَازَعُوا وَ لَا تَحَاسَدُوا قَالَ وَ سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص امْرَأَةً تَسُبُّ جَارِيَةً لَهَا وَ هِيَ صَائِمَةٌ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِطَعَامٍ فَقَ

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd, from al- Qasim ibn Sulayman, from Jarrah al-Mada’iniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that fasting is not fasting from food and drink only.” He then said, “Mary had s

إِذَا صَامَ أَحَدُكُمُ الثَّلَاثَةَ الْأَيَّامِ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ فَلَا يُجَادِلَنَّ أَحَداً وَ لَا يَجْهَلْ وَ لَا يُسْرِعْ إِلَى الْحَلْفِ وَ الْأَيْمَانِ بِاللَّهِ فَإِنْ جَهِلَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ فَلْيَتَحَمَّلْ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that if anyone of you fasts for three days of a month, you should not quarrel with anyone or act ignorantly. He should not be hasty to swear or to swear by Allah, and if anyone else may act ignorantly, he should exercise forbearance.”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ صَالِحٍ يُشْتَمُ فَيَقُولُ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ لَا أَشْتِمُكَ كَمَا شَتَمْتَنِي إِلَّا قَالَ الرَّبُّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى اسْتَجَارَ عَبْدِي بِالصَّوْمِ مِنْ شَرِّ عَبْدِي فَقَدْ أَجَرْتُهُ مِنَ النَّارِ.

"There is no righteous servant who is insulted and responds by saying, 'I am fasting, may peace be upon you, I do not insult you as you have insulted me,' except that the Lord, Blessed and Exalted, says, 'My servant has sought protection in fasting from the evil of My servant; thus, I grant him protection from the Fire

لَا يُنْشَدُ الشِّعْرُ بِلَيْلٍ‌[2] وَ لَا يُنْشَدُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِلَيْلٍ وَ لَا نَهَارٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَا أَبَتَاهْ فَإِنَّهُ فِينَا قَالَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِينَا.

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You must not read poems during the night. You must not read poems in the month of Ramadan during the night or during the day.’ Isma‘il then said, ‘Father, but it is in our praise.’ The Imam said, ‘Even if it is in our praise, do not read poems.’”

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص‌ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِكَثْرَةِ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ وَ الدُّعَاءِ فَأَمَّا الدُّعَاءُ فَيُدْفَعُ بِهِ عَنْكُمُ الْبَلَاءُ وَ أَمَّا الِاسْتِغْفَارُ فَيَمْحَى ذُنُوبَكُمْ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘In the month of Ramadan you should increase asking forgiveness from Allah and offering prayer before Him. Prayers repel misfortunes, and asking forgiveness deletes your sins.’”

كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع إِذَا كَانَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ‌ يَتَكَلَّمْ إِلَّا بِالدُّعَاءِ وَ التَّسْبِيحِ وَ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ وَ التَّكْبِيرِ فَإِذَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ فَعَلْتَ.

8. It is narrated from him (narrator of previous Hadith) who has said the following: “Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, in the month of Ramadan would not speak anything other than prayer, Tasbih (Allah is free of all defects), ’Istighfar, (O Allah, I appeal before You for forgiveness) and Takhir (Allah is great beyo

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ إِنَّ الصِّيَامَ لَيْسَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَ الشَّرَابِ وَحْدَهُ إِنَّ مَرْيَمَ ع قَالَتْ- إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمنِ صَوْماً أَيْ صَمْتاً فَاحْفَظُوا أَلْسِنَتَكُمْ وَ غُضُّوا أَبْصَارَكُمْ وَ لَا تَحَاسَدُوا وَ لَا تَنَازَعُوا فَإِنَّ الْحَسَدَ يَأْكُلُ الْإِيمَانَ كَمَا تَأْكُلُ النَّارُ الْحَطَبَ.

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Fasting is not abstaining from food and drink only. Mary had said, “I have made a vow before the Beneficent to fast,” meaning thereby to remain silent. You must control your tongues and cast down your eyes. You must not be jealous and you must not quarrel. Jealousy consumes belief

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ الْكَذِبَةُ تَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ وَ تُفَطِّرُ الصَّائِمَ قَالَ قُلْتُ هَلَكْنَا قَالَ لَيْسَ حَيْثُ تَذْهَبُ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ الْكَذِبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَ عَلَى الْأَئِمَّةِ ع.

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Speaking lies invalidates Wudu’ and fasting.’ I (the narrator) then said, ‘We are destroyed.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not the way you think it is. It means speaking lies against Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, His Messenger and ’A’immah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam.’”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَرِهَ لِي سِتَّ خِصَالٍ ثُمَّ كَرِهْتُهُنَّ لِلْأَوْصِيَاءِ مِنْ وُلْدِي وَ أَتْبَاعِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي الرَّفَثَ فِي الصَّوْمِ‌[1].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Allah dislikes the existence of six things with me. I dislike such things to exist in the executors of the will in my descendants and their followers af