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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ كَفَّارَةِ مَا أَصَابَ الْمُحْرِمُ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ وَ الْبَيْضِ‌

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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الْمُحْرِمُ إِذَا أَصَابَ حَمَامَةً فَفِيهَا شَاةٌ وَ إِنْ قَتَلَ فِرَاخَهُ‌ فَفِيهِ حَمَلٌ وَ إِنْ وَطِئَ الْبَيْضَ فَعَلَيْهِ دِرْهَمٌ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz ibn ‘ Abd Allah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills a pigeon, the ransom for it is one sheep, if he kill its chick its ransom is one lamb, and if he steps on its egg its ransom is one dirham.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]الفرخ: ولد الطائر و الأنثى فرخة و جمع القلة أفرخ و أفراخ و الكثير فراخ- بالكسر- ذكره الجوهريّ و في المصباح: الحمل- بفتحتين-: ولد الضائنة في السنة الأولى و الجمع حملان.ص 389

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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فِي الْحَمَامَةِ وَ أَشْبَاهِهَا إِذَا قَتَلَهَا الْمُحْرِمُ شَاةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِرَاخاً فَعَدْلُهَا مِنَ الْحُمْلَانِ وَ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ وَطِئَ بَيْضَ نَعَامَةٍ فَفَدَغَهَا وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ فَقَالَ قَضَى فِيهِ عَلِيٌّ ع أَنْ يُرْسِلَ الْفَحْلَ عَلَى مِثْلِ عَدَدِ الْبَيْضِ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَمَا لَقِحَ وَ سَلِمَ حَتَّى يُنْتَجَ كَانَ النِّتَاجُ‌ هَدْياً بالِغَ الْكَعْبَةِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Muhammad b. Yahya has narrated from Ahmad b. Muhammad from Muhammad b. Isma‘il from al-Fadl b. Shadhan from Abul Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “Abu Abdillah (as), has said, ‘For killing pigeons and its like in the state of Ihram, the ransom is one sheep, and for chicks it is one lamb for each.’ He (the Imam) was asked about a man who steps on the eggs of ostrich and breaks it, the Imam said, ‘Ali (as), issued a judgment that said, “He must send male camel on a female camel (i.e. to breed) to make an equal number of eggs affected and the mature offspring is sent as an offering for the Ka'aba."

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[2]لعل الدرهم قيمة الحمام في ذلك الزمان.ص 389

[3]الفدغ- بالفاء و الدال- و الغين المعجمة-: الشدخ و الكسر.ص 389

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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إِذَا قَتَلَ الْمُحْرِمُ قَطَاةً فَعَلَيْهِ حَمَلٌ قَدْ فُطِمَ مِنَ اللَّبَنِ وَ رَعَى مِنَ الشَّجَرِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Sahl ibn Ziyad all from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from al-Mufaddal ibn Salih who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills a sandgrouse, he owes one lamb which is weaned and grazes shrubs.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ‌ عَنْ مُحْرِمٍ وَطِئَ بَيْضَ قَطَاةٍ فَشَدَخَهُ قَالَ يُرْسِلُ الْفَحْلَ فِي عَدَدِ الْبَيْضِ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ كَمَا يُرْسِلُ الْفَحْلَ فِي عَدَدِ الْبَيْضِ مِنَ النَّعَامِ فِي الْإِبِلِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from Mansur ibn Hazim from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram steps on the egg of a sandgrouse and shatters it. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must send rams on ewes equal to the number of eggs affected, as in the case of the eggs of an ostrich in which male camel are sent on female camels.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[4]رواه الشيخ بسند صحيح عن منصور بن حازم و ابن مسكان عن سليمان بن خالد و حمله على ما اذا لم يكن تحرك الفرخ لصحيحة سليمان بن خالد الآتية و لا خلاف فيه بين الاصحاب.( آت)ص 389

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍ‌ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي بَيْضِ الْقَطَاةِ بَكَارَةٌ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ إِذَا أَصَابَهُ الْمُحْرِمُ مِثْلُ مَا فِي بَيْضِ النَّعَامِ بَكَارَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is in the book of Ali (a.s.), that the ransom for breaking the egg of a sandgrouse is one young ewe, just as for the egg of an ostrich the ransom is one young she camel.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]الخبر محمول على ما إذا تحرك الفرخ كما عرفت.( آت)ص 390

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ فَرْخاً وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ فِي غَيْرِ الْحَرَمِ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ حَمَلٌ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةٌ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي الْحَرَمِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram kills a chick in non-al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one lamb and he does not have to pay its cost because it is not in al-Haram (the sacred area).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يَاسِينَ الضَّرِيرِ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ قِيمَةِ مَا فِي الْقُمْرِيِّ وَ الدُّبْسِيِّ وَ السُّمَانَى وَ الْعُصْفُورِ وَ الْبُلْبُلِ‌ فَقَالَ قِيمَتُهُ فَإِنْ أَصَابَهُ وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ بِالْحَرَمِ فَقِيمَتَانِ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ دَمٌ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yasin al-Darir from Hariz from those whom he has mentioned from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the cost of turtledove, al-Dubsiy, (a certain bird), quail, sparrow and nightingale. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes the cost. If he, however, has killed it in the state of Ihram in al-Haram (the sacred area), he owes double of the cost, but there is no offering of animal life.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]في القاموس الدبس- بالضم-: جمع الادبس- بفتح الباء- من الطير الذي لونه بين السواد و الحمرة و منه الدبسى لطائر أدكن يقرقر. و فيه أيضا السمانى- كحبارى-: طائر للواحد و الجمع أو للواحدة سماناة. و في غيره السمانى- كحبارى-: طائر من الطيور القواطع و يقال: هو السلوى، الواحدة سمانات و الجمع سمانيات.ص 390

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أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي الْقُبَّرَةِ وَ الْعُصْفُورِ وَ الصَّعْوَةِ يَقْتُلُهُمُ الْمُحْرِمُ قَالَ

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عَلَيْهِ مُدٌّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

8. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from certain persons of our people who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who in the state of Ihram kills a lark, sparrow or al-Sa‘wah (small sparrow). He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one mud (a certain measurement) of food for each one of them.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[4]الصعوة: انثى الصعو و هو عصفور صغير، جمع صعاء.ص 390

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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فِي كِتَابِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع مَنْ أَصَابَ قَطَاةً أَوْ حَجَلَةً أَوْ دُرَّاجَةً أَوْ نَظِيرَهُنَّ فَعَلَيْهِ دَمٌ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

9. Muhammad ibn Ja’far has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from Mansur ibn Hazim from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘It is in the book of Ali (a.s.), ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills a sandgrouse, partridge or francolin or a similar bird he owes an offering animal.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[5]الحجل- بتقديم المهملة على المعجمة محركة-: طائر في حجم الحمام، أحمر المنقار و الرجلين و هو يعيش في الصرود العالية يستطاب لحمه.ص 390

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ:

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قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ أَصَابَ طَيْرَيْنِ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ- وَ الْآخَرُ مِنْ حَمَامِ غَيْرِ الْحَرَمِ قَالَ يَشْتَرِي بِقِيمَةِ الَّذِي مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ قَمْحاً فَيُطْعِمُهُ حَمَامَ الْحَرَمِ وَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِجَزَاءِ الْآخَرِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

10. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who has harmed two birds. One is of the pigeons of al-Haram (the sacred area) and the other is from non-al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘He must buy an amount of wheat which is of equal value to the pigeon of al-Haram and feed it to the pigeons of al-Haram, and give charity as penalty for the other.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 2

[1]القمح: البر- بضم الباء- و هو حبّ يطحن.ص 391

[2]محمول على المحل في الحرم و يدلّ على عدم الفرق في القيمة بين حمام الحرم و غير الحرم اذا وقع الصيد في الحرم و فسر حمام غير الحرم بالاهلى الذي ادخل الحرم و لا خلاف فيه بين الاصحاب في ذلك.( آت)ص 391