1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘The Imam dispatches a small armed group against the enemy and they capture properties from the enemy. How should they distribute it?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘If they fight under the command of a commander appointed by the Imam they should keep aside one-fifth thereof and distribute the rest among themselves. If they have not fought the pagans, then all that they have captured belongs to the Imam who distributes as he finds proper.”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Ali ibn Muhammad all have narrated from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Sulayman ibn Dawud from Hafs ibn Ghiyath who has said the following: “Certain ones of my brothers wrote to me to ask abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about certain issue of tradition and I then wrote to the Imam. Of such question one was as follows. ‘An army during a war captures certain amount of properties therein. Thereafter another army arrives and joins them before their coming out of the war zone. They do not face any enemy before returning to peaceful zone. Can the second army share in the captured properties?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, they can share.’ Another question was about an army in the ship where the horse owners do not use their horses. How do they distribute the properties captured from the enemy?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘The share of the owner of horses is twice as much as that of those on foot.’ I then asked, ‘Even if they have not done any fighting when riding their horses?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Suppose if they are in an army and people on foot move first, fight and capture properties. How would they distribute the properties?’ Is not the share of people with horses twice as much as the share of the people on foot who are the ones who had captured the properties and not the people who had horses?”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn Salim from Ahmad ibn al-Al-Nadr ibn al-Suwayd from al-Husayn ibn ‘Abd Allah from his father from his grandfather who has said the following: “If a person had many horses during a war Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), would give him the shares for two of his horses only.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from certain individuals of his people from abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al- Salam, who has said the following: “One fifth of the properties captured is first kept aside to distribute as Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has instructed. The remaining properties are distributed among those who have taken part in the war in which the properties were captured and are the authority thereof. He (the Imam) said, ‘The Imam has the right to have the best from such properties, the best slave-girls and the best animals, the best cloths and other items which are liked and desired for. Such items are for him (the Imam) before the distribution and before the deduction of the one-fifth. He (the Imam) then said, ‘There is nothing for the fighters of the land and not even of that on which they have defeated the enemy except that much which contains the army. The Arabs do not have any share in the properties captured in the war even if they are of the fighters alongside the Imam. It is because the Messenger of Allah had made a treaty with them which said that they can live in their land and do not migrate. In exchange, they must mobilize against those of the enemies who may attack the Messenger of Allah and fight them and will not have any share in the properties captured from the enemy. It is a tradition established in them and others. “The land which is taken by force and means such as mules and other means are of endowment that is left alone in the hands of those who revive them. They reach a settlement with governing authority on the basis of their abilities to pay back such as half, one-third or two-thirds and so on so that they can benefit and do not suffer losses.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, from Muhammad ibn Isa, from Mansur, from Hisham ibn Salim, narrated from Abu Abdillah al-Sadiq (as): He was asked about whether the Bedouins (Arab nomads) are obligated to engage in jihad. He replied, "No, unless there is a fear for Islam, in which case they can be sought for assistance." I then asked, "Do they receive any part of the jizya (tribute)?" He said, "No."

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

6. It is narrated from the same narrator (the narrator of the previous Hadith) from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Talhah ibn Zayd from abu ‘Abd Allah from his ancestors, recipients of divine supreme covenant, who has said the following: “About a man who joins an army who have captured properties but he has not taken part in fighting Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ’These people are deprived (from reward). He however, commanded to give such people a share.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

7. Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Mansur ibn Hazim from Hisham ibn Salim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about properties gained during a war from the enemies. He (the Imam) replied, ’One-fifth is kept aside thereof which is for Allah and the Messenger. The rest is divided among the fighters and the guardian thereof.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn all from ‘Uthman from ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah from one of the two Imams (a.s.), who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah (sw) took part in war in the company of women so that they could nurse the wounded. He did not give them a share of the captured properties but he did so in an optional manner.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Mehran ibn Muhammad from ‘Amr ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘The best company is that which has four members. The best group for armed expeditions is that which consists of four hundred people. The best army is that which consists of four thousand soldiers. Any army that consists of ten thousand soldiers does not lose the fight because of its number (is not) small of soldiers.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Muhammad ibn Ahmad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Fudayl ibn Khaytham who has narrated the following: Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘An army of ten thousand cannot be defeated because of its size.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Ali ibn Muhammad from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Sulayman al-Minqariy who has said that narrated to him al-Nadr ibn Isma’il al-Balkhiy from abu Hamzah al-Thumaliy from Shahr ibn Hawshab who has said the following: “Al-Hajjaj asked me about the Messenger of Allah’s mobilization for the wars in which he (a.s.), took part. I said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, mobilized for Badr with three hundred and thirteen people. He mobilized for Uhud with six hundred and for al-Khandaq (Battle of Ditches) with nine hundred people.’ He asked, ‘Who has said it?’ I replied, ‘Ja’far ibn Muhammad (a.s.) .’ He then said, ‘By Allah whoever adopts a way other than his way is lost.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad from ibn al-Qaddah from his father, Maymun who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that whenever Amir al-Mu’minin wanted to take part in a war he would recite the following supplications: “O Lord, You have made a way of Your ways public and have placed Your pleasure in it and have called Your friends toward it. You have made it the most noble of Your ways to You in matters of reward, the most honorable before You in matters of endings and of the most beloved ones before You in terms of its direction. In this way You then purchased the souls of the believing people and their properties in exchange for paradise. They are the believers who fight in the way of Allah, they eliminate the enemy and themselves are killed because of the promise of Allah which is the true promise. O Lord, make me one of those from whom You have purchased in this way their souls and then they made their promise and agreement with You to come true. Make me of those who do not flee from the battle and those who do not disregard their promise, and do not replace me with others. Make me of those who do so in response to Your love and to become closer thereby to You. O Lord, make it to be the end of my deed, and turning of my life to its end. O Lord, grant me therein for Your sake with it a battle, which will make me deserve Your pleasure and remove thereby my sins. O Lord, place me among the living (martyrs) who receive sustenance from You because of the acts of the enemy who is disobedient. Make it happen under the banner of truth and the flag of guidance when advancing to support them (the believers) without turning my back to the enemy, or move around with doubts. O Lord, I seek Your protection in the battle against cowardice in frightening conditions and against weakness during the exchanges with champions. I seek Your protection against the sins that turn good deeds invalid, the sins that feed doubts or make me advance without certainty after which my efforts end in destruction and my deeds become unacceptable.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.