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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ أَقَلِّ مَا يَكُونُ الِاعْتِكَافُ‌

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلَّادٍ الْحَنَّاطِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ كَانَ زَوْجُهَا غَائِباً فَقَدِمَ وَ هِيَ مُعْتَكِفَةٌ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا فَخَرَجَتْ حِينَ بَلَغَهَا قُدُومُهُ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا فَتَهَيَّأَتْ لِزَوْجِهَا حَتَّى وَاقَعَهَا فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ خَرَجَتْ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَ لَمْ تَكُنِ اشْتَرَطَتْ فِي اعْتِكَافِهَا فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا مَا عَلَى الْمُظَاهِرِ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from abu Wallad al-Hannat who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman whose husband was not present. He came and she was performing Ttikaf by the permission of her husband. Upon learning that her husband has arrived, she comes out of Masjid to her house and prepares herself until he falls on her (for sexual relation). He (the Imam) said, ’If she goes out of the Masjid before completing three days, and had not set a condition in her Ttikaf, she is required to do what is required because of Zihar (calling on oath the back of one’s wife as the back of one’s mother).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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لَا يَكُونُ الِاعْتِكَافُ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَ مَنِ اعْتَكَفَ صَامَ وَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُعْتَكِفِ‌ إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ كَمَا يَشْتَرِطُ الَّذِي يُحْرِمُ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

2. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘An Ttikaf for less than three days is not valid. One who is in Ttikaf must also fast and it is proper for one in Ttikaf to set a condition as a person in the state of ’Ihram does.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]« لا ينبغي» ظاهره الكراهة و حمل على التحريم لإجماع العلماء- على ما نقل في التذكرة و المعتبر- على أنّه يجوز للمعتكف الخروج من المسجد الذي وقع فيه الاعتكاف لغير الأسباب المبيحة.( آت)ص 177

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أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ يَوْماً وَ لَمْ يَكُنِ اشْتَرَطَ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ وَ يَفْسَخَ الِاعْتِكَافَ وَ إِنْ أَقَامَ يَوْمَيْنِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنِ اشْتَرَطَ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْسَخَ اعْتِكَافَهُ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

3. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘If one remains in Ttikaf for one day without setting a condition, he can leave and depart the ’ Ttikaf but if one remains in ’Ttikaf for two days without condition being set, he then cannot leave out the ’Ttikaf; until three days are complete.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ‌ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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الْمُعْتَكِفُ لَا يَشَمُّ الطِّيبَ وَ لَا يَتَلَذَّذُ بِالرَّيْحَانِ وَ لَا يُمَارِي وَ لَا يَشْتَرِي وَ لَا يَبِيعُ قَالَ وَ مَنِ اعْتَكَفَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَهُوَ يَوْمَ الرَّابِعِ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ زَادَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِنْ أَقَامَ يَوْمَيْنِ بَعْدَ الثَّلَاثَةِ فَلَا يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ حَتَّى يُتِمَّ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

4. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from abu ‘Ubaydah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘In the state of ’Ttikaf one must not smell perfumes, enjoy sweet basil, argue, buy or sell.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘After three days of ’Ttikaf one has the choice to remain in ’Ttikaf for another three days or leave the Masjid. If one remains for two days after the first three days, he must not leave the Masjid until after the second three days are complete.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ قَالَ:

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بَدَأَنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ فَقَالَ الِاعْتِكَافُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ يَعْنِي السُّنَّةَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ‌.

Read English translationMuhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn

5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Dawud ibn Sarhan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once initiated speaking without my asking anything, ‘’Ttikaf consists of three days, meaning, according to the Sunnah, by the will of Allah.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]قوله:« يعنى» هو كلام الراوي و المعنى أن السنة الجارية في الاعتكاف ثلاثة، أو المراد أنه قال: ذلك في اعتكاف السنة فيكون لبيان الفرد الخفى.( آت)ص 178