The Excellence of Having Breakfast after Sunset with a Brother (in Belief)

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that your serving breakfasts to your brother (in belief) after sunset is more excellent than your fasting an optional fasting.”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid all from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about al-Mubarat and about how it takes place. He (the Imam) said, ’It happens when a man owes something to his wife like mahr (dower) or so, of which a certain amount is paid to her, then they dislike each other. The woman says to her husband, ‘Whatever I have received from you is for me and whatever remains on you will be for you and I want to be free (from the bond of marriage).’ The man then says to her, ‘If you will demand from me whatever you have waved, I will be more rightful to have you as my wife.’” (In al-KhuV dislike is from the woman only but in al-Mubarat the dislike is from both wife and husband).

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy and Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Guardianship rests in favor of one who sets one free.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Barqiy from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from al-‘Is from Najm ibn Hutaym who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘If one decides to fast, and then goes to visit his brother (in belief) who offers to serve him food, he should break his fast for the happiness of his host and due to his request. This will be counted equal to ten days of fasting as Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, ‘One who does one good deed will receive tenfold reward for the same.’ (6:161) ”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Muhammad ibn Ahmad has narrated from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Hudhayfah ibn Mansur who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Once during the times of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, a severe shortage of food took place and the Muslims came to the Messenger of Allah saying, “O Messenger of Allah, food supplies are exhausted and there is no food left except that which so and so has hoarded; so command him to sell to people.” He, the Messenger of Allah praised Allah and glorified Him and then said, “O so and so, the Muslims have informed me that food supplies have become serious. Food is not available except that which is with you. You must bring it in public and sell them as you like, but you must not keep it in hoarding.’””

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Jamil from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that in al-Mubarat (disavowing) he can receive an amount which is less than mahr (dower) but in al-Khul ‘ he can receive whatever he wants or on what both parties agree, like the amount of mahr (dower) or more. In al-Mubarat (disavowing) she pays less than mahr (dower) and in al-Khul ‘ he can receive whatever he likes, it is because of her transgressing in her statements of what is not lawful for her to say.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about Hadith of Burayrah has said, ‘The Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, said to ‘A’ishah, ‘Set a slave free because guardianship rests with the one who buys one’s freedom.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il from Salih ibn ‘Uqbah from Jamil ibn Darraj who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a fasting person visits his brother (in belief) who offers him food, and he accepts the offer without telling him about his fast, in order not to show that he is doing him a favor, Allah counts his fast as one year’s fasting.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Hoarding means buying such food supplies of a city beside which no other food supplies are available. If other food supplies are available in a city or someone else sells food, then it is permissible to buy food supplies and keep them hoarded to sell later with higher prices.’ He (the narrator) has said, I asked him about oil and he replied, ‘If it is available with people other than you then there is no offense in it.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that if a woman demands for divorce in the manner of al- Mubarat (disavowing) it is a divorce only once, because of which he becomes one of those who can propose marriage with her.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Abu Ali al-Al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Is ibn al-Qasim ibn Muhammad who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ‘A’ishah once said to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, ‘People of Burayrah have set her guardianship a condition.’ The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has issued this decree. ‘Guardianship rests with the one who buys one’s freedom.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Daynawariy from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Salih ibn ‘Uqbah who has said the following: “Once I visited Jamil ibn Darraj while he was at a beautiful table having food. He said, ‘Come and join us for food.’ I said, ‘I am fasting.’ He continued eating until very little food remained. He then insisted that I discontinue my fast. I said, ‘Why did you not insist before?’ He said, ‘I wanted to discipline you.’ He then said, ‘I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say the following. “If a fasting person visits his brother (in belief), who offers him food, and he accepts the offer without telling him about his fast, in order not to show that he is doing him a favor by accepting his offering food, Allah, majestic is whose mention, counts his fast as one year’s fasting.’””

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from abu al-Fadl Salim al-Hannat who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once asked me, ‘What is your business?’ I replied, ‘It is selling wheat. At times business is good and sometimes it is not good so I hold selling.’ He (the Imam) then asked, ‘What do people who visit you say about it?’ I replied, ‘They say, “He is a hoarder.’” He (the Imam) asked, ‘Does anyone else sell wheat besides you?’ I replied, ‘I sell only one out of a thousandth of what is sold in the market.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Then there is no offense in what you do. The person who hoarded food was Hakim ibn Hizam. He would buy all food supplies that came to al- Madinah. The Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, passed by his place and said, “O Hakim ibn Hizam, you must not hoard (food supplies).””’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad, from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who says to her husband, ‘So and so amount is for you to set me free (from the bonds of marriage). He (the Imam) said, ‘This is al-Mubarat (disavowing).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Safwan has narrated from al-‘Is ibn al-Qasim ibn Muhammad who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who buys a slave who has children from a free woman who has set him free. He (the Imam) said, ‘The guardianship of his children rests with one who has bought his freedom.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from ibn Jumhur from certain individuals of his people from Ali ibn Hadid who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), ‘I may visit a people after late afternoon prayer while I am fasting and they offer me food, saying, “discontinue your fast.’” He (the Imam) said, ‘Accept the offer; it is better.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who hoarded food supplies and waited for higher prices. Is it permissible?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘If there is plenty of food available to people to buy, then there is no offense in it; but if there are food shortages and people are not able to buy from other places, then it (such hoarding) is undesirable to leave people without food.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from and abu al-‘Abbas from Muhammad ibn Ja‘far from Ayyub ibn Nuh and Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah all from Sufyan from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that al-Mubarat (disavowing) takes place when a woman says to her husband, ‘Whatever you owe to me is for you and set me free (from the bond of marriage).’ Or she pays extra from her side so he sets her free, except that he can say that if she goes back in anything, then he will be more rightful to have her as his wife. It is not lawful for her husband to take more than what is equal to her mahr (dower) or less.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has narrated the following: “About the case of a woman who freed a man and about with whom rests his guardianship and to who belongs his legacy, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Such things rest with the one who has bought his freedom, unless he has other heirs besides her.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hassan ibn Ibrahim ibn Sufyan from Dawud al-Riqqiy who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Your discontinuing your fast in the house of your brother in Islam is better than your fasting seventy or ninety times over.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy from ibn al-Qaddah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ’One who supplies the market receives his sustenance and a hoarder is condemned.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

6. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from Muhammad ibn Ziyad from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that in al-Mubarat (disavowing) a woman says to her husband, ’You can have whatever you owe to me and free me (from the bonds of marriage). He then sets her free (from the bonds of marriage).’ I (the narrator) then asked, ’Will he then say to her, "If you demand anything back then I will have more right than anyone else to have you as my wife”?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can say so.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

6. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from Safwan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj from those who narrated to him who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When a mawla of Hamzah ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib died, the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, gave his legacy to the daughter of Hamzah.’” Al-Hassan has said that this proves that the mawla did not have any daughter as al-‘A’ammah narrate, and that women also inherit guardianship contrary to what al-‘A’ammah narrate.

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ’At a time when food is abundantly available, keeping food for forty days is considered hoarding, but at the time of shortages of food holding back food supplies for three days is considered hoarding. After forty days at a time when food is abundant a hoarder is condemned and at the time of scarcity of food after three days the hoarder is condemned.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about the case of a woman who arranges al-Mubarat (disavowing) or al-Khul ‘ in the presence of two witnesses, in a Hayd (menses)-free period and without sexual intercourse; if she becomes stranger to him. He (the Imam) said, ’Yes, if it happens as you said has happened.’ I then said, ‘It is narrated to us that it does not make them to become stranger until it is followed by divorce.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It then is not al-KhuV.’ I then asked, ‘Does it make her to become stranger to him?’ He said, ‘Yes, that is what it does.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

8. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan and Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al- Jabbar all from Safwan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajj aj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if al-Mubarat (disavowing) or al-Khul‘ can take place without Hayd (menses)-free period. He (the Imam) said, ‘It cannot take place without Hayd (menses)- free period.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

9. Safwan has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muskan from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu Ja‘far (a.s.), and Safwan from ‘Anbasah ibn Mus’ab from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that no divorce, choice or al-Mubarat (disavowing) can take place without Hayd (menses)-free period, free from sexual intercourse and without the presence of witnesses.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Divorce, al-Khul‘ , al-Mubarat (disavowing) and choice are only valid during a Hayd (menses)-free period in which sexual intercourse has not happened.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar·Thaqalayn link·The Arabic above is the original.