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Hadith.3557 - Sa'd ibn Sa'd narrated from Hariz who said: I asked Abu al-Hasan (as) about a man who said to his slave, "You are free, and your wealth belongs to me." Imam (as) said: "He must begin with the wealth before granting freedom, saying, 'Your wealth belongs to me, and you are free,' with the consent of the slave."
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Hadith.3558 - Al-Hasan al-Sayqal asked about a man who said: "The first slave I acquire will be free." Then he acquired six slaves. Imam (as) said: "His intention was for one. Let him choose whichever one he wishes and set him free."
[4]عمل به ابن الجنيد و اختاره الشهيد في شرح الإرشاد، و قيل بالقرعة و هو اختيار الشيخ في النهاية، و ربما قيل ببطلان النذر لافادة الصيغة وحدة المعتق و لم توجد و ربما احتمل عتق الجميع لوجود الاولية في كل واحد و هو اختيار العلامة في المختلف.( سلطان).ص 153
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Hadith.3559 - Ibrahim ibn Mahziyar narrated from his brother, Ali ibn Mahziyar, who said: I wrote to Imam (as) asking about a slave who is near death, and his master frees him at that moment so that he leaves this world as a free man. Does the master earn a reward for freeing him, or is it better to leave him as a slave so that the master gains a greater reward if he dies while still owned? Imam (as) wrote: "It is better for the master to leave the slave as a servant at the time of his death, for this brings more reward to the master. Freeing him in such an hour offers no benefit."
[6]رواه الكليني ج 6 ص 195 مع اختلاف في اللفظ بسند صحيح و قوله« فهو آجر» لان العتق الذي ليس للقربة لا يثاب عليه و لا يمكن قصد القربة مع الجزم أو الظنّ الغالب بموته و أمّا الاجر فهو لكل مضرة دنيوية و هو حاصل.( م ت).ص 153
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Hadith.3560 - Muhammad ibn Isa al-Ubaydi narrated from al-Fadl ibn al-Mubarak: He wrote to Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad (as) asking about a man who owns a slave, and the slave becomes ill. Is it better for the man to free him during his illness to gain a greater reward, or to leave him as a servant? Imam (as) replied: "If it is during his illness, then freeing him is better for him because Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, frees a part of the master from the Fire for every part of the slave that is freed. However, if it is at the time of death, then leaving him as a servant is better than freeing him."
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Hadith.3561 - Muhammad ibn Isa al-Ubaydi narrated from al-Fadl ibn al-Mubarak al-Basri, from his father, from Abu Abdullah (as): I said to Imam (as): "May I be your ransom, a man is required to free a believing slave, but he cannot find one. What should he do?" Imam (as) replied: "Resort to the children (among slaves) and free them. If they turn out to be believers, then that fulfills the requirement. But if they do not turn out to be believers, then there is no obligation upon you."
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Hadith.3562 - Muawiyah ibn Maytharah narrated from Abu Abdullah (as): I asked him about a man who sells his slave at a reduced price so that he may be freed, and the slave says to him in private, "I will give you such-and-such amount." Is it permissible for the man to take it from him? Imam (as) replied: "He may take it from him willingly and ask him for it politely. But if the slave refuses, then let him leave it."
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Hadith.3563 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) (peace be upon them), who said: "Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain (as) was asked about a contract-bound female slave (mukatabah) whose master had intercourse with her, and she became pregnant. Imam (as) replied: "He must pay her the equivalent of her dowry, and she must work to pay off her value. If she is unable to do so, then she is considered one of the mothers of children (Umm al-Walad)."
[4]لعله محمول على صورة اكراه المولى لها أو وطى الشبهة فيلزم عليه لها المهر لانه من جملة مكاسبها، و مكاسبها لها في حال المكاتبة، و في غير صورة الاكراه و الشبهة لا مهر لها لانها زانية، و لذلك تحد فانه لا يجوز وطيها لا بالملك و لا بالعقد( سلطان) و قال الشهيد في المسالك: من التصرف الممنوع منه وطى المكاتبة بالعقد و الملك لعدم صيرورتها حرة تصلح للعقد و خروجها بعقد المكاتبة عن محض الرق المسوغ للوطى، فان وطئها عالما بالتحريم عزر، و ان لم يتحرر منها شيء، و حدّ بنسبة الحرية ان تبعضت، و لو طاوعته هي حدت-- حد المملوك ان لم تتبعض و الا فبالنسبة، و ان أكرهها اختص بالحكم و لها مهر المثل، و في تكرره بتكرره أوجه ثالثها اشتراطه بتخلل أدائه إليها بين الوطيين و رابعها تعدّده مع العلم بتعدّد الوطى، و مع الشبهة المستمرة مهرا واحدا.ص 154
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Hadith.3564 - Ibn Abi Sa'id al-Mukari entered upon Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) and said to him: "Has Allah (swt) elevated your status to the extent that you claim what your father claims?" The Imam (as) replied: "What is wrong with you? May Allah (swt) extinguish your light and bring poverty into your house! Do you not know that Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, revealed to Imran, 'I will grant you a son,' and then granted him Maryam instead, and granted Maryam, Isa? Isa is from Maryam, and Maryam is from Isa, and Isa and Maryam are one and the same. I am from my father, and my father is from me, and I and my father are one and the same." Then Ibn Abi Sa'id said to Him (as): "Let me ask you a question." The Imam (as) replied: "I do not think you will accept my answer, for you are not from my followers. But go ahead and ask." The man said: "What if someone, upon his deathbed, declares that all his old slaves are free for the sake of Allah (swt)?" The Imam (as) said: "Yes, indeed. Allah (swt), the Exalted, says: 'until it becomes like the old date stalk' (Surah Ya-Sin 36:39) Thus, any of his slaves who have been with him for six months are considered old and are set free." The narrator said that Ibn Abi Sa'id left and fell into poverty until he died, without having a shelter to spend the night in. May Allah (swt) curse him!
[1]هو الحسين بن هاشم بن حيان المكارى، كان هو و أبوه من وجوه الواقفة و كان الحسين ثقة في حديثه كما في( جش).ص 155
[2]الظاهر أن الواقفة كانوا متمسكين بقول الصادق عليه السلام:« يخرج منى من ينور اللّه به العباد و البلاد و يظهر الحق» فقالوا يجب أن يكون ذلك موسى بن جعفر عليهما السلام و لم يحصل منه في أيامه فيجب أن يكون باقيا الى أوان ظهوره و هو المهدى، فأجابه عليه السلام بأن الذي قاله جدى هو في و في ولدى القائم كما أوحى اللّه- الخ.( م ت).ص 155
[3]أي لا أظنك تقبل منى و الحال أنك لا تكون من شيعتى و رعيتى.ص 155
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Hadith.3565 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Hisham ibn Salim, from Abu al-Ward, who said: I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a Christian slave owned by a Muslim man-does the slave have to pay jizyah (tribute tax)? Imam (as) replied: "Yes, because his owner is the one responsible for redeeming him if he is taken, and he (the owner) must pay it on his behalf."
[4]أي هي فداء الغلام النصرانى فلا يضر أخذه من المسلم و المشهور عدمه، و يمكن حمله على التقية( م ت) و في المسالك: قيل بسقوط الجزية عن المملوك مطلقا، و روى أنّها تؤخذ منه. و في بعض النسخ« هو ماله يفتديه».ص 155