Marriage with Taxpayers and Pagans of Whom Certain Ones Become Muslims and other do not Become Muslims or all of them Become Muslims

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ هَاجَرَ وَ تَرَكَ امْرَأَتَهُ مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَحِقَتْ بِهِ بَعْدُ أَ يُمْسِكُهَا بِالنِّكَاحِ الْأَوَّلِ أَوْ تَنْقَطِعُ عِصْمَتُهَا قَالَ يُمْسِكُهَا وَ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ‌[1].

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who migrates and leaves his wife with the pagans, then afterward she joins him; if he can keep her with first marriage or her safety is cut off. He (the Imam) said, ’He can keep her and she is his wife.’”

إِذَا أَسْلَمَتِ امْرَأَةٌ وَ زَوْجُهَا عَلَى غَيْرِ الْإِسْلَامِ فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ هَاجَرَ[2] وَ تَرَكَ امْرَأَتَهُ فِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَحِقَتْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ أَ يُمْسِكُهَا بِالنِّكَاحِ الْأَوَّلِ أَوْ تَنْقَطِعُ عِصْمَتُهَا قَالَ بَلْ يُمْسِكُهَا وَ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ‌[3].

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a woman becomes Muslim and she is married in a way that is an un-Islamic way, they must be separated.’ I then asked him (the Imam) about the case of a man who migrates and leaves his wife among the pagans, then she joins him; if he can keep her with the first marriage or that her s

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَجُوسِيٍّ أَوْ مُشْرِكٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ كَانَتْ تَحْتَهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَأَسْلَمَ أَوْ أَسْلَمَتْ قَالَ يُنْتَظَرُ بِذَلِكَ انْقِضَاءُ عِدَّتِهَا وَ إِنْ هُوَ أَسْلَمَ أَوْ أَسْلَمَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا فَهُمَا عَلَى نِكَاحِهِمَا الْأَوَّلِ وَ إِنْ هُوَ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ الْعِدَّةُ فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ.

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who is a Majusiy (Zoroastrian) or a pagan, other than the people of the book, who had a woman, he becomes a Muslim or she become a Muslim. He (the Imam) said, ‘He waits for completion of waiting period if he is a Muslim or she becomes

قَدِ انْقَطَعَتْ عِصْمَتُهَا مِنْهُ وَ لَا مَهْرَ لَهَا وَ لَا عِدَّةَ عَلَيْهَا مِنْهُ.

“About the case of a man who is a Christian and marries a Christian woman who then becomes a Muslim before his going to bed with her, abu al-Hassan (a.s.), has said, ‘The hindrance from him on her way is removed, she has no mahr (dower) and no waiting period because of him.’”

سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ أَوْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ يَتَزَوَّجُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا امْرَأَةً وَ أَمْهَرَهَا خَمْراً وَ خَنَازِيرَ ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَا فَقَالَ النِّكَاحُ جَائِزٌ حَلَالٌ لَا يَحْرُمُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْخَمْرِ وَ لَا مِنْ قِبَلِ الْخَنَازِيرِ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَسْلَمَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهَا الْخَمْرَ وَ الْخَنَازِيرَ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَسْلَمَا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَيْه

“A man once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of two men of taxpayers or of those in the state of war who each married a woman and assigned a mahr (dower) in the form of wine and pigs; then they became Muslims. He (the Imam) said, ‘Marriage is permissible and lawful and it does not become unlawful because of

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ فِي مَجُوسِيَّةٍ أَسْلَمَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا زَوْجُهَا فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع لِزَوْجِهَا أَسْلِمْ فَأَبَى زَوْجُهَا أَنْ يُسْلِمَ فَقَضَى لَهَا عَلَيْهِ نِصْفَ الصَّدَاقِ وَ قَالَ لَمْ يَزِدْهَا الْإِسْلَامُ إِلَّا عِزّاً[2].

about the case of a Zoroastrian woman who became a Muslim before he went to bed with her ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), said to her husband to become a Muslim, but he refused so he (the Imam) judged in her favor half of the mahr (dower) and said, ‘Islam has not brought to her anything but honor.’”

يُمْسِكُ أَرْبَعاً وَ يُطَلِّقُ ثَلَاثاً[3].

“About the case of a Zoroastrian man who became a Muslim and he had seven wives who also became Muslims, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He could keep four and divorce three of them/”

الذِّمِّيُّ تَكُونُ لَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ الذِّمِّيَّةُ فَتُسْلِمُ امْرَأَتُهُ قَالَ هِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَ لَا يَكُونُ عِنْدَهَا بِاللَّيْلِ قَالَ فَإِنْ أَسْلَمَ الرَّجُلُ وَ لَمْ تُسْلِمِ الْمَرْأَةُ يَكُونُ الرَّجُلُ عِنْدَهَا بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ.

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a taxpayer man who had a taxpayer wife and she became a Muslim, he (the Imam) said, ‘She is his wife who stays with him during the day but not during the night.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If the man becomes a Muslim he stays with her during the night as well as the day.

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع النَّصْرَانِيُّ يَتَزَوَّجُ النَّصْرَانِيَّةَ عَلَى ثَلَاثِينَ دَنّاً مِنْ خَمْرٍ وَ ثَلَاثِينَ خِنْزِيراً ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا قَالَ يَنْظُرُ كَمْ قِيمَةُ الْخَمْرِ وَ كَمْ قِيمَةُ الْخَنَازِيرِ فَيُرْسِلُ بِهَا إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهَا وَ هُمَا عَلَى نِكَاحِهِمَا الْأَوَّلِ‌[2].

‘He must find out how much the value of wine and pigs is. He must send them to her, then he can go to bed with her and they remain with their first marriage.’”