سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مُسْلِماً مَرَّ بِقَوْمٍ- لَيْسُوا بِسُلْطَانٍ فَقَهَرُوهُ حَتَّى يَتَخَوَّفَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَنْ يُعْتِقَ أَوْ يُطَلِّقَ فَفَعَلَ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ.
‘If a Muslim man passes by a people who do have not any valid authority and they force him, he fears for his life, to set free a slave or divorce and he complies, it does not have any valid effect against him/”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ طَلَاقِ الْمُكْرَهِ وَ عِتْقِهِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ طَلَاقُهُ بِطَلَاقٍ وَ لَا عِتْقُهُ بِعِتْقٍ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ تَاجِرٌ أَمُرُّ بِالْعَشَّارِ وَ مَعِي مَالٌ فَقَالَ غَيِّبْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ وَ ضَعْهُ مَوَاضِعَهُ فَقُلْتُ وَ إِنْ حَلَّفَنِي بِالطَّلَاقِ وَ الْعَتَاقِ فَقَالَ احْلِفْ لَهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ تَمْرَةً فَحَفَنَ بِهَا مِنْ زُبْدٍ[1] كَانَ قُدَّامَهُ فَقَالَ مَا أُبَالِي حَلَفْتُ لَهُمْ بِالطّ
“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the divorce of a man who is coerced and about his setting free slaves. He (the Imam) said, ‘His divorce is not a divorce and his setting free slaves is not valid freedom/ I then said, ‘I am a merchant and I pass by a one-tenth tax collector, with certain amount of assets with me/
سَأَلْتُ الْعَبْدَ الصَّالِحَ ع وَ هُوَ بِالْعُرَيْضِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي قَدْ تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً وَ كَانَ تُحِبُّنِي فَتَزَوَّجْتُ عَلَيْهَا ابْنَةَ خَالِي وَ قَدْ كَانَ لِي مِنَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَلَدٌ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى بَغْدَادَ فَطَلَّقْتُهَا وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ رَاجَعْتُهَا ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُهَا الثَّانِيَةَ ثُمَّ رَاجَعْتُهَا ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِهَا أُرِيدُ سَفَرِي هَذَا حَتَّى إِذَا كُنْتُ بِالْك
“I once asked Allah’s virtuous servant (a.s.), when he was in al-‘Arid, (name of a place) saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I married a woman who loved me. I then married the daughter of my maternal uncle and from the woman I had a son. I returned to Baghdad and divorced her once, then
سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَا يَجُوزُ الطَّلَاقُ فِي اسْتِكْرَاهٍ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ عِتْقٌ فِي اسْتِكْرَاهٍ وَ لَا يَجُوزُ يَمِينٌ فِي قَطِيعَةِ رَحِمٍ وَ لَا فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ فَمَنْ حَلَفَ أَوْ حُلِّفَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ هَذَا وَ فَعَلَهُ فَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ وَ إِنَّمَا الطَّلَاقُ مَا أُرِيدَ بِهِ الطَّلَاقُ مِنْ غَيْرِ اسْتِكْرَاهٍ وَ لَا إِضْرَارٍ عَلَى الْعِدَّةِ وَ السُّنَّةِ عَلَى طُهْرٍ بِغَي
‘Divorce under coercion is not permissible or setting free of a slave. It is not permissible to swear for cutting off good relations with relatives or for a sinful act in disobedience to Allah. Thus, whoever swears or is made to swear about something of this kind, it does not have any valid effect on him. Divorce is wh
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع أَمُرُّ بِالْعَشَّارِ وَ مَعِي مَالٌ فَيَسْتَحْلِفُنِي فَإِنْ حَلَفْتُ لَهُ تَرَكَنِي وَ إِنْ لَمْ أَحْلِفْ لَهُ فَتَّشَنِي وَ ظَلَمَنِي فَقَالَ احْلِفْ لَهُ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْتَحْلِفُنِي بِالطَّلَاقِ فَقَالَ احْلِفْ لَهُ فَقُلْتُ فَإِنَّ الْمَالَ لَا يَكُونُ لِي قَالَ فَعَنْ مَالِ أَخِيكَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص رَدَّ طَلَاقَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَ قَدْ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلَاثاً وَ هِيَ حَائ
“I pass by one-tenth tax collector for trading with a certain amount of assets with me and the party (tax collector) asks me to swear. If I swear he allows me to go, but if I do not swear he searches my assets and does injustice to me. He (the Imam) said, ‘You can swear for him.’ I then said, ‘He asks me to swear in th