Inheritance of Brothers and Sisters with Children

وَقَعَ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ بَنِي عَمِّي مُنَازَعَةٌ فِي مِيرَاثٍ فَأَشَرْتُ عَلَيْهِمَا بِالْكِتَابِ إِلَيْهِ‌[1] فِي ذَلِكَ لِيَصْدُرَا عَنْ رَأْيِهِ فَكَتَبَا إِلَيْهِ جَمِيعاً جَعَلَنَا اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ مَا تَقُولُ فِي امْرَأَةٍ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَ ابْنَتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَ أُمِّهَا وَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُجِيبَنَا بِمُرِّ الْحَقِّ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمَا كِتَابٌ‌ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ

‘We pray to Allah to keep our souls in service for your cause, what do you say about the case of a woman who leaves behind her husband and her daughter from her father and mother?’ I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, if you consider it proper answer us with the bitter truth.’ A letter ca

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع رَجُلٌ تَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ وَ أُخْتَهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ فَقَالَ الْمَالُ كُلُّهُ لِلِابْنَةِ وَ لَيْسَ لِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَ الْأُمِّ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَقُلْتُ فَإِنَّا قَدِ احْتَجْنَا إِلَى هَذَا وَ الْمَيِّتُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ النَّاسِ وَ أُخْتُهُ مُؤْمِنَةٌ عَارِفَةٌ قَالَ فَخُذِ النِّصْفَ لَهَا خُذُوا مِنْهُمْ كَمَا يَأْخُذُونَ مِنْكُمْ‌[2] فِي سُنَّتِهِمْ وَ قَضَايَاهُمْ قَالَ اب

“Zurarah has said that al-‘Ammah (non-Shi‘ah) in their rules, decisions and ordained shares say something on consensus which is authoritative and binding upon them. In the case of a deceased who leaves behind his daughter or two daughters and his brother from his father and mother or his sister from his father and moth

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع امْرَأَةٌ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَ إِخْوَتَهَا لِأُمِّهَا وَ إِخْوَتَهَا وَ أَخَوَاتِهَا لِأَبِيهَا فَقَالَ لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَ لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ الذَّكَرُ وَ الْأُنْثَى فِيهِ سَوَاءٌ وَ بَقِيَ سَهْمٌ فَهُوَ لِلْإِخْوَةِ وَ الْأَخَوَاتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ‌ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ‌ لِأَنَّ السِّهَامَ لَا تَعُولُ وَ لَا يُنْقَصُ الزَّوْجُ

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who has left behind her husband, brothers from her mother and brothers and sisters from her father. He (the Imam) said, ‘The share of husband is one-half, three shares, the share of brothers from her mother is one-third, male and female receive equal shares

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَ إِخْوَتَهَا لِأُمِّهَا وَ أُخْتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا فَقَالَ لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَ لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ سَهْمَانِ وَ لِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ السُّدُسُ سَهْمٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ فَإِنَّ فَرَائِضَ زَيْدٍ وَ فَرَائِضَ الْعَامَّةِ وَ الْقُضَاةِ عَلَى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ يَقُولُونَ لِلْأُخْتِ

“Once a man came to abu Ja‘far, Alayhi al-Salam, and asked about a woman who has died and left behind her husband, brothers from her mother and her sister from her father. He (the Imam) said, ‘The share of the husband is one-half, three shares, brothers from her mother receive one-third, two shares and the sister from

قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ وَ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَ إِخْوَتَهَا لِأُمِّهَا وَ إِخْوَةً وَ أَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبِيهَا فَقَالَ لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَ لِإِخْوَتِهَا لِأُمِّهَا الثُّلُثُ سَهْمَانِ الذَّكَرُ وَ الْأُنْثَى فِيهِ سَوَاءٌ وَ بَقِيَ سَهْمٌ فَهُوَ لِلْإِخْوَةِ وَ الْأَخَوَاتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ‌ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ‌ لِأَنَّ السِّهَامَ لَا تَعُولُ وَ إِنَّ الزَّوْج

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a woman who has left behind her husband, brothers from her mother and brothers and sisters from her father. He (the Imam) said, ‘The share of the husband is one-half, three shares, the share of brothers from her mother is one-third which is two shares; male and female

سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنْ أُخْتَيْنِ وَ زَوْجٍ فَقَالَ النِّصْفُ وَ النِّصْفُ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ قَدْ سَمَّى اللَّهُ لَهُمَا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ هَذَا لَهُمَا الثُّلُثَانِ فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُ فِي أَخٍ وَ زَوْجٍ فَقَالَ النِّصْفُ وَ النِّصْفُ فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ سَمَّى اللَّهُ الْمَالَ فَقَالَ‌ وَ هُوَ يَرِثُها إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَها وَلَدٌ. - عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُس

قُلْتُ لِزُرَارَةَ إِنَّ بُكَيْراً حَدَّثَنِي عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ أَنَّ الْإِخْوَةَ لِلْأَبِ وَ الْأَخَوَاتِ لِلْأَبِ وَ الْأُمِّ يُزَادُونَ وَ يُنْقَصُونَ لِأَنَّهُنَّ لَا يَكُنَّ أَكْثَرَ نَصِيباً مِنَ الْإِخْوَةِ وَ الْأَخَوَاتِ لِلْأَبِ وَ الْأُمِّ لَوْ كَانُوا مَكَانَهُنَ‌[2] لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَ لَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَها نِصْفُ ما تَرَكَ وَ هُوَ يَرِثُها

“I once said to Zurarah that ibn Bukayr has narrated to me from abu Ja‘far (a.s.), that the shares of brothers from the father and sisters from father and mother increase and decrease. It is because their shares are not greater than the share of brothers and sisters from father and mother if they were in their place. A

قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ تَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ وَ أُخْتَهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَ أُمِّهِ فَقَالَ الْمَالُ كُلُّهُ لِابْنَتِهِ. قَالَ الْفَضْلُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنَّمَا جَعَلَ لِلْأُخْتِ فَرِيضَةً إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا وَلَدٌ فَقَالَ- إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَ لَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَها نِصْفُ ما تَرَكَ‌ فَإِذَا كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ فَلَيْسَ لَهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ فَمَنْ أَعْطَاهَا فَقَدْ خَالَفَ اللَّهَ وَ رَسُولَهُ وَ كَذَلِ