Chapter on Oaths, Vows, and Expiations

لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع- قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذا يَغْشى‌ وَ النَّهارِ إِذا تَجَلَّى‌ وَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ وَ النَّجْمِ إِذا هَوى‌ وَ مَا أَشْبَهَ هَذَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُقْسِمُ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ بِمَا يَشَاءُ وَ لَيْسَ لِخَلْقِهِ أَنْ يُقْسِمُوا إِلَّا بِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌[3].

Hadith.4323 - It is narrated from Ali ibn Mahziyar that he said: I asked Abu Ja'far al-Thani (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious; "By the night when it covers, and by the day when it appears" (Surah Al-Lail 92:1-2) and His saying, "By the star when it falls" (Surah An-Najm 53:1), and other s

لَا يَجُوزُ فِي الْقَتْلِ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ[2] وَ يَجُوزُ فِي الظِّهَارِ وَ كَفَّارَةِ الْيَمِينِ صَبِيٌ[3].

يُعْطَى ضَعِيفاً مِنْ غَيْرِ أَهْلِ اَلْوَلاَيَةِ قَالَ "نَعَمْ وَ أَهْلُ اَلْوَلاَيَةِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ ".

Hadith.4325 - Ishaq ibn Ammar asked Abu Ibrahim (Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as)) whether it is permissible to give expiation to someone who is weak but not from the people of wilayah (those who follow the Ahlulbayt). Imam (as) said: "Yes, but the people of wilayah are more beloved to me."

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ : "فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ فَلاٰ أُقْسِمُ بِمَوٰاقِعِ اَلنُّجُومِ وَ إِنَّهُ لَقَسَمٌ لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عَظِيمٌ ۝ يَعْنِي بِهِ اَلْيَمِينَ بِالْبَرَاءَةِ مِنَ اَلْأَئِمَّةِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَحْلِفُ بِهَا اَلرَّجُلُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ عَظِيمٌ".

Hadith.4326 - Al-Mufaddal ibn Umar al-Ju'fi narrated that he heard Abu Abdillah (as) say regarding the words of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious: "But no! I swear by the setting of the stars. And indeed, it is a mighty oath-if you only knew" (Surah Al-Waqi'ah 56:75-76). Imam (as) said: "It refers to the oath of d

تَسْتَغْفِرُ لِمَنِ اغْتَبْتَهُ كَمَا ذَكَرْتَهُ‌[5].

Hadith.4327 - Hafs ibn Umar narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) was asked: "What is the expiation for backbiting?" Imam (as) said: "You should seek forgiveness for the one you have backbitten, just as you mentioned him."

كَفَّارَةُ الضَّحِكِ أَنْ يَقُولَ- اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَمْقُتْنِي[6]

كَفَّارَةُ عَمَلِ السُّلْطَانِ قَضَاءُ حَوَائِجِ الْإِخْوَانِ[1]

كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ‌[2] إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع‌ رَجُلٌ حَلَفَ بِالْبَرَاءَةِ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَحَنِثَ مَا تَوْبَتُهُ وَ مَا كَفَّارَتُهُ فَوَقَّعَ ع يُطْعِمُ عَشَرَةَ مَسَاكِينَ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ مُدٌّ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

Hadith.4330 - Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, wrote to Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Ali (as) asking about a man who swore an oath of disassociation from Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, or from the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) and then broke his o

لِلرِّضَا ع يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَدْ رُوِيَ لَنَا عَنْ آبَائِكَ ع فِيمَنْ جَامَعَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَوْ أَفْطَرَ فِيهِ ثَلَاثُ كَفَّارَاتٍ وَ رُوِيَ عَنْهُمْ ع أَيْضاً كَفَّارَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فَبِأَيِّ الْخَبَرَيْنِ نَأْخُذُ فَقَالَ بِهِمَا جَمِيعاً مَتَى جَامَعَ الرَّجُلُ حَرَاماً أَوْ أَفْطَرَ عَلَى حَرَامٍ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَعَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثُ كَفَّارَاتٍ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ وَ صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَي

I asked Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as): "O son of the Messenger of Allah (swt), it has been narrated to us from your forefathers (peace be upon them) that for someone who has intercourse or breaks their fast in the month of Ramadan, there are three expiations. It has also been narrated from them (peace be upon them) t

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ مَنْ حَلَفَ فَقَالَ لَا وَ رَبِّ الْمُصْحَفِ‌[3] فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ.

Hadith.4332 - Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Whoever takes an oath and says, 'No, by the Lord (azj) of the Mushaf (the Quran),' must offer a single expiation."

كُلُّ ذَنْبٍ يُكَفِّرُهُ الْقَتْلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الدَّيْنَ لَا كَفَّارَةَ لَهُ إِلَّا الْأَدَاءُ أَوْ يُرْضَى صَاحِبُهُ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي لَهُ الْحَقُ[4].

إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَأَجَابَنِي إِنْ كَانَتْ حَاضَتْ قَبْلَ النَّذْرِ فَلَا نَذْرَ عَلَيْكَ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ حَاضَتْ بَعْدَ النَّذْرِ فَعَلَيْكَ‌[1].

Hadith.4334 - Jamil ibn Salih narrated that he had a female slave in Medina whose menstruation had stopped. He made a vow to Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, that if she began to menstruate, he would fulfill a certain obligation. Later, he learned that she had already menstruated before he made the vow. He wrote

كَفَّارَاتُ الْمَجَالِسِ أَنْ تَقُولَ عِنْدَ قِيَامِكَ مِنْهَا- سُبْحانَ رَبِّكَ رَبِّ الْعِزَّةِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ وَ سَلامٌ عَلَى الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ