Chapter on Oaths, Vows, and Expiations

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لَا رَضَاعَ بَعْدَ فِطَامٍ وَ لَا وِصَالَ فِي صِيَامٍ وَ لَا يُتْمَ بَعْدَ احْتِلَامٍ وَ لَا صَمْتَ يَوْماً إِلَى اللَّيْلِ‌[1] وَ لَا تَعَرُّبَ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ لَا هِجْرَةَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْحِ‌[2] وَ لَا طَلَاقَ قَبْلَ نِكَاحٍ وَ لَا عِتْقَ قَبْلَ مِلْكٍ وَ لَا يَمِينَ لِوَلَدٍ مَعَ وَالِدِهِ وَ لَا لِمَمْلُوكٍ مَعَ مَوْلَاهُ وَ لَا لِلْمَرْأَةِ مَعَ زَوْجِهَا[3] وَ لَا نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِي

Hadith.4273 - Mansur ibn Hazim narrated from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said that the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) said: "There is no breastfeeding after weaning, no continuous fasting without breaking, no orphanhood after reaching puberty, no silence for a day unt

تُكَلِّمُهَا وَ لَيْسَ هَذَا بِشَيْ‌ءٍ إِنَّمَا هَذَا وَ شِبْهُهُ مِنْ‌ خُطُواتِ‌ الشَّيْطانِ

Hadith.4274 - Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the Imams (as), that he was asked about a woman who vowed to donate all her wealth as an offering and to set all her slaves free if she ever spoke to her sister again. Imam (as) said: "She may speak to her, and this (vow) is of no consequence. Indeed,

مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا فَلْيَأْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا وَ لَهُ زِيَادَةُ حَسَنَةٍ[6]

لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِنَّ أُمِّي تَصَدَّقَتْ عَلَيَّ بِنَصِيبٍ لَهَا فِي الدَّارِ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا إِنَّ الْقُضَاةَ لَا يُجِيزُونَ هَذَا وَ لَكِنِ اكْتُبِيهِ شِرًى فَقَالَتْ اصْنَعْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا بَدَا لَكَ وَ كُلَّ مَا تَرَى أَنْ يَسُوغَ لَكَ فَتَوَثَّقْتُ فَأَرَادَ بَعْضُ الْوَرَثَةِ أَنْ يَسْتَحْلِفَنِي أَنِّي قَدْ نَقَدْتُهَا الثَّمَنَ وَ لَمْ أَنْقُدْهَا شَيْئاً فَمَا تَرَى قَالَ فَاحْلِفْ لَهُمْ‌[1].

I said to Abu al-Hasan (as): "My mother gave me her share in the house as charity. I told her that the judges do not approve of this unless it is written as a sale. She said: 'Do whatever you see fit and whatever you think is permissible for you.' So I documented it. Later, some of the heirs wanted me to swear that I h

فِي رَجُلٍ حَلَفَ إِنْ كَلَّمَ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أُمَّهُ فَهُوَ يُحْرِمُ بِحَجَّةٍ قَالَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ[2]

عَلَيَّ الْمَشْيُ إِلَى بَيْتِ اللَّهِ الْحَرَامِ قَالَ إِذَا لَمْ يَقُلْ لِلَّهِ عَلَيَّ فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ.

Hadith.4278 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who, in a state of anger, said: "Upon me is to walk to the Sacred House of Allah (swt)." Imam (as) said: "If he did not say, 'It is a vow to Allah (swt) upon me,' then it is of no consequence."

هُوَ لَا وَ اللَّهِ وَ بَلَى وَ اللَّهِ‌[3].

Hadith.4279 - Abu Basir narrated from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious: "Allah (swt) does not take you to task for what is unintentional in your oaths" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:225). Imam (as) said: "It refers to sayings like 'No, by Allah (swt)' and 'Yes, by Allah (swt).'"

أَحَدَهُمَا ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَتْ لَهُ‌ امْرَأَتُهُ أَسْأَلُكَ بِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا مَا طَلَّقْتَنِي قَالَ يُوجِعُهَا ضَرْباً أَوْ يَعْفُو عَنْهَا[1].

Hadith.4280 - Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I asked one of the Imams (as) about a man whose wife said to him, "I ask you, for the sake of Allah (swt), to divorce me." Imam (as) said: "He should either discipline her with a beating or forgive her."

عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ وَ لا تَجْعَلُوا اللَّهَ عُرْضَةً لِأَيْمانِكُمْ‌[2].

"Do not swear by Allah (swt), whether truthfully or falsely, for Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, has forbidden that, as He (swt), the Almighty, says: 'And do not make Allah (swt) an excuse in your oaths' (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:224)."

قَالَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَصْدُقْ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَصْدُقْ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ وَ مَنْ حُلِفَ لَهُ بِاللَّهِ فَلْيَرْضَ وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْضَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ[3].

Hadith.4282 - Abu Ayyub said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Whoever swears by Allah (swt), let him speak the truth; and whoever does not speak the truth has nothing to do with Allah (swt) in any way. And whoever is sworn to by Allah (swt), let him be content; and whoever is not content has nothing to do with Allah (swt)

لَوْ حَلَفَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ لَا يَحُكَّ أَنْفَهُ بِالْحَائِطِ لَابْتَلَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى حَتَّى يَحُكَّ أَنْفَهُ بِالْحَائِطِ وَ لَوْ حَلَفَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ لَا يَنْطَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ الْحَائِطَ لَوَكَّلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ شَيْطَاناً حَتَّى يَنْطَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ الْحَائِطَ[4].

لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا غَداً أُحَدِّثْكُمْ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَثْنِ فَاحْتَبَسَ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع عَنْهُ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ فَقَالَ‌ وَ لا تَقُولَنَّ لِشَيْ‌ءٍ إِنِّي فاعِلٌ ذلِكَ غَداً إِلَّا أَنْ يَشاءَ اللَّهُ وَ اذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذا نَسِيتَ‌

"A servant may make an exception (by saying 'If Allah (swt) wills') within forty days if he forgets. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) was visited by some Jews who asked Him (sw) about certain matters. He (sw) said to them: 'Come tomorrow, and I will inform you,' but He (sw) did not say 'I

وَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَفِ بِهِ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَفَّارَتُهُ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ مُدّاً مُدّاً دَقِيقٍ أَوْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ أَوْ صِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مُتَوَالِيَةٍ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْ شَيْئاً[1].

I asked him about someone who said: "By Allah (swt)," and then did not fulfill it. Abu Abdillah (as) said: "Its expiation is feeding ten needy people with a measure (mudd) each of flour or wheat, or freeing a slave. If he cannot find any of these, then he must fast for three consecutive days."

لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع نَمُرُّ بِالْمَالِ عَلَى الْعُشَّارِ فَيَطْلُبُونَ مِنَّا أَنْ نَحْلِفَ لَهُمْ وَ يُخَلُّونَ سَبِيلَنَا وَ لَا يَرْضَوْنَ مِنَّا إِلَّا بِذَلِكَ قَالَ فَاحْلِفْ لَهُمْ فَهُوَ أَحَلُّ مِنَ التَّمْرِ وَ الزُّبْدِ[2].

I asked Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as): "We pass by tax collectors, and they ask us to swear an oath so that they let us go, and they are not satisfied with anything else." Imam (as) said: "Then swear to them, for it is more lawful than dates and butter."

التَّقِيَّةُ فِي كُلِّ ضَرُورَةٍ وَ صَاحِبُهَا أَعْلَمُ بِهَا حِينَ تَنْزِلُ بِهِ[3]

أَرَى أَنْ لَا يُحْلَفَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُ الرَّجُلِ لَا بَلِ شَانِئِكَ[4] فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ قَوْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَ لَوْ حَلَفَ

قَالَ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ حَلَفَ تَقِيَّةً قَالَ إِنْ خَشِيتَ عَلَى دَمِكَ وَ مَالِكَ فَاحْلِفْ تَرُدُّهُ عَنْكَ بِيَمِينِكَ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنَّ يَمِينَكَ لَا تَرُدُّ عَنْكَ شَيْئاً فَلَا تَحْلِفْ لَهُمْ‌[3].

Hadith.4289 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who swore an oath out of taqiyyah (dissimulation). Imam (as) said: "If you fear for your life or property, then swear an oath to protect yourself with it. However, if you see that your oath will not protect you in any way, then do not swear to them."

قَالَ الْحَلَبِيُ‌ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَجْعَلُ عَلَيْهِ نَذْراً وَ لَا يُسَمِّيهِ قَالَ إِنْ سَمَّيْتَهُ فَهُوَ مَا سَمَّيْتَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُسَمِّ شَيْئاً فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ فَإِنْ قُلْتَ لِلَّهِ عَلَيَّ فَكَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ‌[4].

Hadith.4290 - Al-Halabi said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who makes a vow upon himself without specifying it. Imam (as) said: "If you specify it, then it is as you specified. But if you do not specify anything, then it is of no consequence. However, if you said: 'It is upon me for the sake of Allah (swt),' then its e

قَالَ ع‌ كُلُّ يَمِينٍ لَا يُرَادُ بِهَا وَجْهُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ-

Hadith.4291 - Imam (as) said: "Any oath that is not intended for the sake of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, is of no consequence, whether it pertains to divorce or emancipation."

قَالَ‌ فِي كَفَّارَةِ الْيَمِينِ مُدٌّ وَ حَفْنَةٌ[2].

Hadith.4292 - Imam (as) said regarding the expiation of an oath: "It is a mudd and a handful."

نَعَمْ.

Hadith.4293 - And regarding a man who swears an oath to the tax collector in order to protect his wealth. Imam (as) said: "Yes."

لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا هَدْيٌ إِنَّمَا الْهَدْيُ مَا جُعِلَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ هَدْياً لِلْكَعْبَةِ فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي يُوفَى بِهِ إِذَا جُعِلَ لِلَّهِ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ أَشْبَاهِ هَذَا فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ وَ لَا هَدْيَ لَا يُذْكَرُ فِيهِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌[4].

Hadith.4294 - I asked him about a woman who vowed to offer her wealth as an offering to the House of Allah (swt) if she lent some of her belongings to so-and-so. Then, some of her family members lent those belongings without her permission. Imam (as) said: "She is not required to offer the offering. The true offering i

عَلَيَّ أَلْفُ بَدَنَةٍ وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ بِأَلْفِ حَجَّةٍ[1] قَالَ تِلْكَ خُطُوَاتُ الشَّيْطَانِ‌[2] وَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ وَ هُوَ مُحْرِمٌ بِحَجَّةٍ أَوْ يَقُولُ أَنَا أُهْدِي هَذَا الطَّعَامَ‌[3] قَالَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ إِنَّ الطَّعَامَ لَا يُهْدَى أَوْ يَقُولُ لِجَزُورٍ بَعْدَ مَا نُحِرَتْ هُوَ هَدْيٌ لِبَيْتِ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا تُهْدَى الْبُدْنُ وَ هِيَ أَحْيَاءٌ وَ لَيْسَ تُهْدَى حِينَ صَارَتْ لَحْماً[4].

Hadith.4295 - Imam (as) was asked about a man who says, "I am obligated to offer a thousand camels" while he is in the state of ihram for a thousand Hajj. Imam (as) said: "These are the steps of Satan." And regarding a man who, while in ihram for Hajj, says, "I will offer this food as a gift," Imam (as) said: "It is of

رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ فِي رَجُلٍ قَالَ لَا وَ أَبِي قَالَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ‌[5].

"No, by my father." Imam (as) said: "He should seek forgiveness from Allah (swt)."

الْيَمِينُ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا أَنْ يَحْلِفَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ لَا يَلْزَمُهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ فَيَحْلِفُ أَنَّهُ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْءَ أَوْ يَحْلِفَ عَلَى مَا يَلْزَمُهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ فَعَلَيْهِ الْكَفَّارَةُ إِذَا لَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ[6] وَ الْأُخْرَى عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَوْجُهٍ فَمِنْهَا مَا يُؤْجَرُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا حَلَفَ كَاذِباً وَ مِنْهَا مَا لَا كَفَّارَةَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا أَجْرَ لَهُ وَ مِنْهَ

الْيَمِينُ الْكَاذِبَةُ تَدَعُ الدِّيَارَ بَلَاقِعَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا[3]. وَ النَّذْرُ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا أَنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ إِنْ كَانَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا صُمْتُ أَوْ صَلَّيْتُ أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتُ أَوْ حَجَجْتُ أَوْ فَعَلْتُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ[4] فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ فَعَلَ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ[5] فَإِنْ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَلِلَّهِ عَلَيَّ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَهُوَ ن

مَنْ أَجَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَحْلِفَ بِهِ كَاذِباً أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَيْراً مِمَّا ذَهَبَ مِنْهُ[1]

مَا تَرَكَ عَبْدٌ شَيْئاً لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَفَقَدَهُ

مَنْ حَلَفَ سِرّاً فَلْيَسْتَثْنِ سِرّاً وَ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَانِيَةً فَلْيَسْتَثْنِ عَلَانِيَةً[2]

"اَلْيَمِينُ عَلَى اَلضَّمِيرِ".

Hadith.4302 - Isma'il ibn Sa'd asked Abu al-Hasan Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) about a man who swears an oath, but his intention in the oath differs from the apparent wording. Imam (as) said: "The oath is based on the intention."

هُوَ عَلَى مَا نَوَى‌[4].

Hadith.4303 - Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a man who takes an oath and then forgets what he said. Imam (as) replied: "It is based on what he intended."

يَبِيعُ وَ لَا يُكَفِّرُ[2].

Hadith.4304 - It is narrated from Sa'd ibn al-Hasan, from Abu Abdillah (as), that Imam (as) was asked about a man who swears that he will not sell his merchandise for a certain price, but then later changes his mind. Imam (as) said: "He may sell it, and no expiation is required."

الرَّجُلُ أَقْسَمْتُ أَوْ حَلَفْتُ فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ حَتَّى يَقُولَ أَقْسَمْتُ بِاللَّهِ أَوْ حَلَفْتُ بِاللَّهِ‌[3].

"If a man says, 'I swear' or 'I have taken an oath,' it is of no consequence until he says, 'I swear by Allah (swt)' or 'I have taken an oath by Allah (swt).'"

عَلَيَّ بَدَنَةٌ وَ لَمْ يُسَمِّ أَيْنَ يَنْحَرُهَا قَالَ إِنَّمَا النَّحْرُ بِمِنًى يَقْسِمُهَا بَيْنَ الْمَسَاكِينِ‌[4].

"I am obligated to offer a camel," but did not specify where it should be slaughtered. Imam (as) said: "The slaughtering is to be done at Mina, and it should be distributed among the needy."

رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْخَزَّازُ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ع‌ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ع كَرِهَ أَنْ يُطْعِمَ الرَّجُلُ فِي كَفَّارَةِ الْيَمِينِ قَبْلَ الْحِنْثِ‌[5].

Hadith.4307 - Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Khazzaz narrated from Talhah ibn Zayd, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) disliked that a man should feed others as expiation for an oath before breaking it.

يَتَصَدَّقُ عَنْ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ[6].

Hadith.4308 - Muhammad ibn Mansur asked Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) about a man who made a vow to fast but found fasting to be too difficult for him. Imam (as) said: "He should give charity for each day in the amount of one mudd of wheat."

تُكَفِّرُ عَنْهُ‌[1].

Hadith.4309 - Talhah ibn Zayd narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), regarding a pregnant woman who drank medicine and caused a miscarriage. Imam (as) said: "She must offer expiation for it."

وَ سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص رَجُلًا يَقُولُ أَنَا بَرِي‌ءٌ مِنْ دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص وَيْلَكَ إِذَا بَرِئْتَ مِنْ دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَعَلَى دِينِ مَنْ تَكُونُ فَمَا كَلَّمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص حَتَّى مَاتَ‌[2].

Hadith.4310 - The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, heard a man saying, "I am free from the religion of Muhammad." The Messenger of Allah (swt), peace be upon him and his family, said to him: "Woe to you! If you are free from the religion of Muhammad, then whose religion will you follow?" The

لِسَدِيرٍ يَا سَدِيرُ إِنَّهُ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ كَاذِباً كَفَرَ وَ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ صَادِقاً أَثِمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ- وَ لا تَجْعَلُوا اللَّهَ عُرْضَةً لِأَيْمانِكُمْ‌

Hadith.4311 - Muhammad ibn Isma'il narrated from Salam ibn Sahm, the devout elder, that he heard Abu Abdillah (as) say to Sadir: "O Sadir, whoever swears by Allah (swt) falsely has committed disbelief, and whoever swears by Allah (swt) truthfully has sinned. Indeed, Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, says: 'And do

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌[4] لَا يَمِينَ فِي غَضَبٍ وَ لَا فِي قَطِيعَةِ رَحِمٍ وَ لَا فِي جَبْرٍ وَ لَا فِي إِكْرَاهٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ فَمَا فَرْقٌ بَيْنَ الْإِكْرَاهِ وَ الْجَبْرِ قَالَ الْجَبْرُ مِنَ السُّلْطَانِ يَكُونُ وَ الْإِكْرَاهُ مِنَ الزَّوْجَةِ وَ الْأَبِ وَ الْأُمِّ وَ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ.

Hadith.4312 - Abdullah ibn al-Qasim narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, who said that Abu Abdillah (as) said: "There is no valid oath taken in anger, nor in severing ties of kinship, nor under coercion, nor under compulsion." I asked: "May Allah (swt) keep you well, what is the difference between coercion and compulsion?

قَالَ وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌ احْلِفْ بِاللَّهِ كَاذِباً وَ أَنْجِ أَخَاكَ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ‌[1].

Hadith.4313 - And Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Swear by Allah (swt) falsely and save your brother from being killed."

يُعْطِي مَنْ يَصُومُ عَنْهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مُدَّيْنِ‌[2].

Hadith.4314 - Abdullah ibn Jabalah narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, from Abu Abdillah (as), regarding a man who makes fasting obligatory upon himself through a vow but is unable to fulfill it. Imam (as) said: "He should give two mudds of food for each day to someone who will fast on his behalf."

هُوَ يُهْدِي إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا مَا عَلَيْهِ إِذَا كَانَ لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى مَا يُهْدِيهِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ جَعَلَهُ نَذْراً وَ لَا يَمْلِكُهُ فَلَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِمَّا يَمْلِكُ غُلَاماً أَوْ جَارِيَةً أَوْ شِبْهَهُمَا بَاعَ وَ اشْتَرَى بِثَمَنِهِ طِيباً فَيُطَيِّبُ بِهِ الْكَعْبَةَ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ دَابَّةً فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ[3].

I asked him about a man who says that he will offer such-and-such as a gift to the Ka'bah, but he is unable to fulfill it. Imam (as) said: "If he made it a vow and does not own it, then there is nothing upon him. However, if it is something he owns, such as a slave, a maid, or something similar, he should sell it and u

فَلْيَقُمْ فِي الْمِعْبَرِ حَتَّى يَجُوزَهُ‌[4].

Hadith.4316 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) was asked about a man who vowed to walk to the House of Allah (swt) but encountered a river crossing along the way. Imam (as) said: "Let him stand in the cro

لِيُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ يَا يُونُسُ لَا تَحْلِفْ بِالْبَرَاءَةِ مِنَّا فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِالْبَرَاءَةِ مِنَّا صَادِقاً كَانَ أَوْ كَاذِباً فَقَدْ بَرِئَ مِنَّا[1]

قَالَ ع‌ مَنْ بَرِئَ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ صَادِقاً كَانَ أَوْ كَاذِباً فَقَدْ بَرِئَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ.

Hadith.4318 - Imam (as) also said: "Whoever disassociates from Allah (swt), the Almighty and Glorious, whether truthfully or falsely, then Allah (swt) has disassociated from him."

يَجُوزُ عَلَى كُلِّ دَيِّنٍ بِمَا يَسْتَحْلِفُونَ‌[3].

I asked him about oaths. Imam (as) said: "It is permissible to take an oath with every religious group according to what they regard as binding for oaths."

وَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِيمَنِ اسْتَحْلَفَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ بِيَمِينِ صَبْرٍ[4] أَنْ يَسْتَحْلِفَهُ بِكِتَابِهِ وَ مِلَّتِهِ‌[5].

Hadith.4320 - Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled concerning a case where someone required a man from the People of the Book to take a solemn oath. Imam (as) said that the oath should be taken according to his scripture and his religion.

لِلَّهِ عَلَيَّ إِنْ خَرَجْتُ مِنْ حَبْسِي هَذَا أَنْ أَصُومَ سَنَةً فَخَرَجَ الرَّجُلُ مِنَ الْحَبْسِ وَ خَافَ أَنْ لَا يُمْكِنَهُ أَنْ يَصُومَ سَنَةً كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ يَصُومُ شَهْراً وَ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ الثَّانِي أَيَّاماً فَيَكُونُ قَدْ صَامَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ ثُمَّ يَصُومُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَمَتَى أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً تَصَدَّقَ بِمُدٍّ وَ مَتَى صَامَ حُسِبَ لَهُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ لَهُ سَنَةٌ.

Hadith.4321 - Abdullah ibn Muskan narrated from Badr ibn Khalil, who said that Abu Abdillah (as) was asked about a man who was imprisoned and vowed, saying, "It is upon me, for the sake of Allah (swt), that if I am released from this prison, I will fast for a year." The man was then released from prison but feared that

لَهُ رَجُلٌ مَاتَ وَ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمٌ يُصَامُ عَنْهُ أَوْ يُتَصَدَّقُ قَالَ يُتَصَدَّقُ عَنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ‌[2].

Hadith.4322 - It is narrated from Muhammad ibn Isma'il ibn Bazee' that he said: I asked Abu Ja'far al-Thani (as) about a man who died and had fasting obligations upon him. Should fasting be done on his behalf, or should charity be given on his behalf? Imam (as) said: "Charity should be given on his behalf, for it is be