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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الدِّيَةِ فِي قَتْلِ الْعَمْدِ وَ الْخَطَإِ

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ

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سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ أَبِي لَيْلَى يَقُولُ‌ كَانَتِ الدِّيَةُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَأَقَرَّهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ فَرَضَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَقَرِ مِائَتَيْ بَقَرَةٍ وَ فَرَضَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الشَّاةِ أَلْفَ شَاةٍ ثَنِيَّةٍ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الذَّهَبِ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْوَرِقِ عَشَرَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ الْحُلَلَ مِائَةَ حُلَّةٍ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ فَسَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَمَّا رَوَى ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى فَقَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَقُولُ الدِّيَةُ أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ وَ قِيمَةُ الدِّينَارِ عَشَرَةُ دَرَاهِمَ وَ عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ [دِرْهَمٍ‌] لِأَهْلِ الْأَمْصَارِ وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَوَادِي الدِّيَةُ مِائَةٌ مِنَ‌ الْإِبِلِ وَ لِأَهْلِ السَّوَادِ مِائَتَا بَقَرَةٍ أَوْ أَلْفُ شَاةٍ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, both together from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdul Rahman Bin Al Hajjaj who said, ‘I heard Ibn Abu Layli saying, ‘The wergild during the Pre-Islamic period was a hundred camels. So Rasool-Allah saww accepted it. Then he asws necessitated upon the owner of the cows, (wergild of) two hundred cows, and upon the owners of the sheep (wergild of) a thousand sheep (or) male goats; and upon the owners of the gold (wergild of) a thousand Dinars; and upon owners of the currency, (a wergild) of ten thousand Dirhams; and upon the clothes merchants of Al-Yemen, a hundred garments’. Abdul Rahman Bin Al-Hajjaj (the narrator) said, ‘So I asked Abu Abdullah asws about what Ibn Abu Layli is reporting, so he asws said: ‘Ali asws was saying: ‘The wergild is a thousand Dinars, and the value of the Dinar is ten Dirhams, and a thousand Dirhams being for the people of the city, and upon the people of the valleys is the wergild of one hundred camels, and for the vast majority of the people (wergild of) two hundred cows, or a thousand sheep’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]الثنية من الغنم ما دخل في السنة الثالثة و من البقر كذلك و من الإبل ما دخل في السادسة( النهاية).ص 280

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ

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قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ دِيَةُ الْخَطَإِ إِذَا لَمْ يُرِدِ الرَّجُلَ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ أَوْ عَشَرَةُ آلَافٍ مِنَ الْوَرِقِ أَوْ أَلْفٌ مِنَ الشَّاةِ وَ قَالَ دِيَةُ الْمُغَلَّظَةِ الَّتِي تُشْبِهُ الْعَمْدَ وَ لَيْسَ بِعَمْدٍ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ دِيَةِ الْخَطَإِ بِأَسْنَانِ الْإِبِلِ ثَلَاثٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً وَ ثَلَاثٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ جَذَعَةً وَ أَرْبَعٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ ثَنِيَّةً كُلُّهَا طَرُوقَةُ الْفَحْلِ- قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الدِّيَةِ فَقَالَ دِيَةُ الْمُسْلِمِ عَشَرَةُ آلَافٍ مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ أَوْ أَلْفُ مِثْقَالٍ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ أَوْ أَلْفٌ مِنَ الشَّاةِ عَلَى أَسْنَانِهَا أَثْلَاثاً وَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ مِائَةٌ عَلَى أَسْنَانِهَا وَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ مِائَتَانِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said, ‘Abu Abdullah asws said: ‘Wergild of the erroneous (killing) when the man did not intend, is one hundred from the camels, or ten thousand (Dirhams) from the (owners of) the foliage, or a thousand from the sheep’. And he asws said: ‘The harsh wergild of that which resembles the deliberation, and it is not with deliberation, is higher than the wergild of the erroneous (killing) by the years (ages) of the camel – thirty three Hiqqa (four years old), and thirty Jaz’a (five years old), and thirty four Saniyya (six years old), all of these being easily manageable stallions’. He (the narrator) said, ‘And I asked him asws about the wergild, so he asws said: ‘Wergild of the Muslim is ten thousand from the silver, or a thousand Misqaal (unit or measurement) of gold, or a thousand from the sheep based upon their years being three years, and from the camels based upon their years, and from the cows two hundred’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ

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سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ فِي الْخَطَإِ شِبْهِ الْعَمْدِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ بِالسَّوْطِ أَوْ بِالْعَصَا أَوْ بِالْحِجَارَةِ إِنَّ دِيَةَ ذَلِكَ تُغَلَّظُ وَ هِيَ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فِيهَا أَرْبَعُونَ خَلِفَةً [مَا] بَيْنَ ثَنِيَّةٍ إِلَى بَازِلِ عَامِهَا وَ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً وَ ثَلَاثُونَ بِنْتَ لَبُونٍ- وَ الْخَطَأُ يَكُونُ فِيهِ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً وَ ثَلَاثُونَ ابْنَةَ لَبُونٍ وَ عِشْرُونَ ابْنَةَ مَخَاضٍ وَ عِشْرُونَ ابْنَ لَبُونٍ ذَكَراً وَ قِيمَةُ كُلِّ بَعِيرٍ مِنَ الْوَرِقِ مِائَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ دِرْهَماً أَوْ عَشَرَةُ دَنَانِيرَ وَ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ قِيمَةُ كُلِّ نَابٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ عِشْرُونَ شَاةً.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from one of his companions, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said, ‘I heard Abu Abdullah asws saying: ‘Amir Al-Momineen asws said regarding the erroneous (killing) resembling the deliberate, if he kills with the whip, or with the stick, or with the rocks. The wergild of that is harsh, and it is one hundred from the camels in which there are forty ‘Khalifat’ what is between a ‘Saniya’ (six years old) to ‘Bazil’ (nine years old), and thirty ‘Hiqqa’ (four years old), and thirty ‘Bint Laboun’ (three years old female). And for the erroneous (killing) there should be thirty ‘Hiqqa’ (four years old), and thirty ‘Bint Laboun’ (three years old), and twenty ‘Ibnat Makhazin’ (two years old females), and twenty ‘Ibn Laboun’ (three years old males), and the value of each camel in terms of foliage is one hundred and twenty Dirhams, or ten Dinars; and from the sheep, the value of each sheep, for every camel is twenty sheep’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]الخلف- ككتف- و هي الحوامل من النوق. و البازل من الإبل الذي تمّ ثماني سنين و دخل في التاسعة و حينئذ يطلع نابه و تكمل قوته ثمّ يقال له بعد ذلك بازل عام و بازل عامين( النهاية).ص 281

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ‌ فِي الدِّيَةِ قَالَ

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أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ أَوْ عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْحُلَلِ الْحُلَلُ وَ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْإِبِلِ الْإِبِلُ وَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْغَنَمِ الْغَنَمُ وَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْبَقَرِ الْبَقَرُ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, (It has been narrated) from Jameel Bin Darraj regarding the wergild, he asws (6 th Imam asws ) said: ‘A thousand Dinar, or ten thousand Dirhams, and the garments would be seized from the owner of the garments, and the camels would be seized from the owners of the camels, and the sheep from the owners of the sheep, and the cows from the owners of the cows’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ وَ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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الدِّيَةُ عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ قَالَ جَمِيلٌ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الدِّيَةُ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel and Hammad, from Al Halby, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘The wergild is then thousand Dirhams, or a thousand Dinars’. Jameel (the narrator) said: ‘Abu Abdullah asws said: ‘The wergild is one hundred from the camels’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ كُلَيْبٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ‌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع- عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُقْتَلُ فِي الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ مَا دِيَتُهُ قَالَ دِيَةٌ وَ ثُلُثٌ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Kuleyb Al Asady who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about the man who kill during the Sacred Month, what is its wergild?’ He asws said: ‘A wergild and a one-third (of it in addition)’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ:

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فِي قَتْلِ الْخَطَإِ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ أَوْ أَلْفٌ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ أَوْ عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ الْإِبِلُ فَخَمْسٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ ابْنَةَ مَخَاضٍ وَ خَمْسٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ ابْنَةَ لَبُونٍ وَ خَمْسٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ حِقَّةً وَ خَمْسٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ جَذَعَةً وَ الدِّيَةُ الْمُغَلَّظَةُ فِي الْخَطَإِ الَّذِي يُشْبِهُ الْعَمْدَ الَّذِي يَضْرِبُ بِالْحَجَرِ أَوْ بِالْعَصَا الضَّرْبَةَ وَ الضَّرْبَتَيْنِ لَا يُرِيدُ قَتْلَهُ فَهِيَ أَثْلَاثٌ ثَلَاثٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً وَ ثَلَاثٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ جَذَعَةً وَ أَرْبَعٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ ثَنِيَّةً كُلُّهَا خَلِفَةٌ طَرُوقَةُ الْفَحْلِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ فَأَلْفُ كَبْشٍ وَ الْعَمْدُ هُوَ الْقَوَدُ أَوْ رِضَا وَلِيِّ الْمَقْتُولِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, form Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al A’la Bin Al Fuzayl, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘With regards to the erroneous killing, it (wergild) is a hundred from the camels, or a thousand from the sheep, or ten thousand Dirhams, or a thousand Dinars. So if it was the camels, so twenty-five should be Ibnat Makhaz (two year old females), and twenty five Ibnat Laboun (three year old females), and twenty five Hiqqa (four year old females), and twenty five Jaz’a (five year old females). And the harsh wergild regarding the erroneous (killing) is that which resembles the deliberate which he struck with the rock, or with the stick, the single strike or two strikes not intending to kill him, so it is a third being thirty-three (four year old females), and thirty-three (five year old females), and thirty-four Saniyya (six year old females), all of these being capable of bearing the stallion (mount); and if it was from the sheep, so it is a thousand rams. And (as for) the deliberate (killing), it is the retaliation or (as per) the pleasure of the guardian of the killed one’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ وَ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ جَمِيعاً عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ زُرَارَةَ وَ غَيْرِهِمَا عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا ع‌ فِي الدِّيَةِ قَالَ

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هِيَ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهَا دَنَانِيرُ وَ لَا دَرَاهِمُ وَ لَا غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ فَقُلْتُ لِجَمِيلٍ هَلْ لِلْإِبِلِ أَسْنَانٌ مَعْرُوفَةٌ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ ثَلَاثٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً وَ ثَلَاثٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ جَذَعَةً وَ أَرْبَعٌ وَ ثَلَاثُونَ ثَنِيَّةً إِلَى بَازِلِ عَامِهَا كُلُّهَا خَلِفَةٌ إِلَى بَازِلِ عَامِهَا قَالَ رَوَى ذَلِكَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْهُمَا وَ زَادَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَدِيدٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي الْخَطَإِ قَالَ قِيلَ لِجَمِيلٍ فَإِنْ قَبِلَ أَصْحَابُ الْعَمْدِ الدِّيَةَ كَمْ لَهُمْ قَالَ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَصْطَلِحُوا عَلَى مَالٍ أَوْ مَا شَاءُوا مِنْ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Hadeed and Ibn Abu Umeyr, both together from Jameel Bin Darraj, from Muhammad Bin Muslim and Zurara, and others besides these two, (It has been narrated) from one of the two (5 th or 6 th Imam asws ) regarding the wergild. He asws said: ‘It is one hundred from the camels, and there are neither Dinars in it nor Dirhams, nor (anything) other than that’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ:

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مَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِناً مُتَعَمِّداً فَإِنَّهُ يُقَادُ بِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَرْضَى أَوْلِيَاءُ الْمَقْتُولِ أَنْ يَقْبَلُوا الدِّيَةَ أَوْ يَتَرَاضَوْا بِأَكْثَرَ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ أَوْ أَقَلَّ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ فَإِنْ فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ بَيْنَهُمْ جَازَ وَ إِنْ تَرَاجَعُوا أُقِيدُوا وَ قَالَ الدِّيَةُ عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ أَوْ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Yunus, from one of our companions, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘The one who kills a Believer deliberately, so he would be retaliated with (the same), except if the guardians of the killed one happy with accepting the wergild, or if he makes them to be pleased with more than the wergild, or less than the wergild. So if he were to do that between them, it is allowed, and if they were to retract (from accepting the wergild), it would be retaliation’. And he asws said: ‘The wergild is ten thousand Dirhams, or a thousand Dinars, or one hundred from the camels’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]ظاهره ان بعد العفو يجوز لهم الرجوع و هو خلاف ما يفهم من كلام الاصحاب و يمكن حمله على أن المراد ان رجع أولياء الدم بعد العفو الى القصاص اقتص منهم او على عدم رضا البعض فانه اذا رضى البعض بالدية و لم يرض واحد جاز له القصاص من بعد أداء حصص من عفا من الدية و في التهذيب« و ان لم يتراضوا قيد» و هو أظهر.( آت)ص 282

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلَّادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ

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كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ع يَقُولُ‌ تُسْتَأْدَى دِيَةُ الْخَطَإِ فِي ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ وَ تُسْتَأْدَى دِيَةُ الْعَمْدِ فِي سَنَةٍ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, and Ali Bin Ibrahim from his father, both together from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Wallad, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘Ali asws was saying: ‘You have to pay the wergild of the erroneous (killing) within three years, and you have to pay the wergild of the deliberate (killing) within one year’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.