Fasting on Ninth of Dhul Hajjah and on Tenth of Muharram

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who cheats us is not of our people.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. Muhammad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah has narrated from Mu‘awiyah ibn Hakam from Safwan and Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn Ribat from abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about choices. He (the Imam) said, ‘Who is he and what is that; it was something only for the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Marwak ibn ‘Ubayd who has narrated the following: “I once visited abu al-Hassan al-Rida’ (a.s.). I offered greeting of peace and asked saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause. What do you say about the case of a man who dies and has no other heirs except a brother who is due to breastfeeding; can he inherit him? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, my father narrated to me from my grandfather, the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, who has said, ‘One who drinks from our milk or gives milk to one of our children, we then are his fathers.”’ (This is perhaps to protect one from tyrants).

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from ibn Faddal from Tha’labah ibn Maymun from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: ““I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), say, ‘The Messenger of Allah did not fast on the day of ‘Arafah from the time fasting of the month of Ramadan came down.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Through the same chain of narrators as the previous it narrated who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once said to a man who sold dates, ‘O master so and so, do you know that one who cheats Muslims is not one of them?”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

2. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from Muhammad ibn Ziyad and ibn Ribat from abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that I once heard your father saying, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, offered his wives the choice and they chose Allah and His Messenger. He did not keep them for divorce. Had they chosen themselves they would become strangers.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This is a Hadith that my father would narrate from ‘A’ishah. What people have to do with choice! It was something with which Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, specially treated His Messenger.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Nuh ibn Shu’ayb al-Naysaburiy, from Yasin al-Darir from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, and abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), have said, ‘You must not fast on the day of ‘Ashura’ (tenth of Muharram) and on the day of ‘Arafah in Makkah, in al-Madinah, in your homeland or in any other city.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from certain persons of our people from Sajdah from Musa ibn Bukayr who has said the following: “Once we were in the presence of abu al-Hassan (a.s.), while in front of him there were certain pieces of dinars. He (the Imam) looked at one piece and picked it up and broke it into two pieces. He (the Imam) said to me, ‘Throw it in the trash so an adulterated thing is not purchased anymore.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

3. Humayd has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from ibn Ribat from ‘Es ibn al-Qasim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who gives his wife the choice; if she becomes stranger for him. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, this was something especially for the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause . He (the Messenger of Allah) was commanded to do so and if they were to choose themselves he would divorce them. This is in the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘Say to your wives, “If you want the worldly life and its beauty, then be prepared, so he (the Messenger of Allah) benefits you and allows you to be free with fairness.” (33:28)’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Hashimiy has narrated from Muhammad ibn Musa from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ who has said that narrated to me Najabah ibn al-Harith al-‘ Attar who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about fasting on the day of ‘Ashura’ (tenth of Muharram). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is a discarded fast after the coming of the month of Ramadan, and what is discarded and abandoned is heresy.’ Najabah has said that I then asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), after his father about it and he answered me just like the answer of his father. He (the Imam) then said, ‘It is a fast about which there is nothing in the book or an established Sunnah except the Sunnah of the family of Ziyad for their murdering al-Husayn ibn Ali (a.s.).’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn ‘Abd Allah from ‘Ubays ibn Hisham from a man of his people who has said the following: “Once, a man who sold flour came before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He (the Imam) said to him, ‘Beware of cheating; one who cheats in matters of properties, cheating takes place in his properties, if he does not have any property cheating takes place in his family (wife).”’

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from Harun ibn Muslim from certain persons of our people who have said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who leaves the affairs of his wife in her own hands. He (the Imam) said, ‘He has given the matter in the hands of someone who is not proper for it, thus, he has opposed the Sunnah and has not made marriage permissible.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. It is narrated from him (narrator of previous Hadith) from Muhammad ibn ’Isa ibn ‘Ubayd who has said that narrated to me Ja’far ibn ’Isa his brother who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’ (a.s.), about fasting on ‘Ashura’ and what people say about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is the fast of ibn Marjanah. You are asking me about the day in which the adopted ones of the family of Ziyad for their murdering al-Husayn (a.s.), were fasting. It is an ominous day for the family of Muhammad (a.s.). For people of Islam it is an ominous day. A day, which is ominous for the people of Islam is not a day of fasting or a day of blessing. Monday is an unblessed day because Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, took His Holy prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, from this world. The family of Muhammad, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has been hurt on Monday, so we took it as an ominous day and our enemies took it as a day of blessing. On the day of ‘Ashura’ al-Husayn (a.s.), was murdered and ibn Marjanah took it for blessing but the family of Muhammad, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, took it as an ominous day. Whoever fasts on this day or takes it for blessing will come in the presence of Allah, most Blessed, most High, with metamorphosed heart and will be raised with those who established the Sunnah of fasting on that day and took it for blessing.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited mixing of milk with water to sell.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

6. It is narrated from him (narrator of previous Hadith) from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa who has said that narrated to us Muhammad Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Zayd al-Narsiy who has said the following: “I heard Zurarah asking abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the fast on the day of ‘Ashura’. He (the Imam) said, ‘Whoever fasts that day, his share for such fast is like the share of ibn Marjanah and the family of Ziyad.’ I then asked, ‘What was their share of that day? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is the fire, I seek protection with Allah against it and against the deeds that take one closer to the fire.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn al-Hakam who has said the following: “Once when I was selling al-Sabiriy (a certain kind of fabric) in the shade, abu al-Hassan (a.s.), passed by and said to me, ‘O Hisham, selling in shade is cheating and cheating is not lawful.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

7. It is narrated from him (narrator of previous Hadith) from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Aban from ‘Abd al-Malik who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the fast on the day of ‘Ashura’ of the month of Muharram. He (the Imam) said, ‘Tasu‘a’ (ninth of Muharram) was the day when they had surrounded al-Husayn (a.s.), and his friends, may Allah be pleased with them, in Karbala’. The horsemen of al-Sham had come together against him (a.s.), and had taken him under siege. Ibn Marjanah and ‘Umar ibn Sa‘d were happy because of the huge number of horsemen on their side, and they made al-Husayn (a.s.), and his friends, may Allah be pleased with them, very weak. They became certain that no one will come to help al-Husayn (a.s.), and people of Iraq will not support him. I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for the cause of my great-grandfather who had very few supporters.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘The day of ‘Ashura’ is the day on which al-Husayn (a.s.), was murdered and his friends around him were all murdered and looted. How can there be fast on that day! No, by the Lord of the sacred house there is no fasting on such a day. It is only a day of mourning and lamentation that came upon the inhabitants of the sky and earth and all believing people. It is a day of happiness and joy for ibn Marjanah and family of Ziyad and people of al-Sham, may Allah subject them to His anger as well as their offspring. This was a day when all locations of earth wept except al-Sham. Those who fast on this day or take it for blessing will be raised, by Allah, with the family of Ziyad with their hearts metamorphosed and subjected to anger. Whoever seeks any saving for their homes on this day will be made by Allah as a seed of hypocrisy in his heart up to the Day of Judgment, blessing is removed thereof, from his family, and children. Satan will share him in all of such savings.’”

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ibn Mahbub from abu Jamilah from Sa‘d al-Iskaf who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Once, in the market place of al-Madinah, the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, passed by a place where food was sold. The Holy Prophet said, to the owner, “I can see your food is good.” He then asked about its price. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sent revelation and told him to check the lower levels of the food for sale. When he checked a bad quality of food came out. He then said to the owner, “Now I can see you have collected betrayal and cheating for the Muslims.’””

Translation: Muhammad Sarwar — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.