سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ نَصَارَى الْعَرَبِ أَ تُؤْكَلُ ذَبِيحَتُهُمْ فَقَالَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَنْهَى عَنْ ذَبَائِحِهِمْ وَ صَيْدِهِمْ وَ مُنَاكَحَتِهِمْ.
“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), if animal slaughtered by the Christian Arabs can be used for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.), would prohibit using what they slaughtered for food, as well as their hunting and marriage with them.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَبِيحَةِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيِّ فَقَالَ لَا تَقْرَبُوهَا.
“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the animals slaughtered by the Jews and Christians. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not go close to such slaughtered animals.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّا نَكُونُ بِالْجَبَلِ فَنَبْعَثُ الرُّعَاةَ فِي الْغَنَمِ فَرُبَّمَا عَطِبَتِ الشَّاةُ أَوْ أَصَابَهَا الشَّيْءُ فَيَذْبَحُونَهَا فَنَأْكُلُهَا فَقَالَ ع هِيَ الذَّبِيحَةُ وَ لَا يُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا مُسْلِمٌ.
‘It is a matter of proper slaughtering, thus, no one can be trusted in it except a Muslim.’”
اصْطَحَبَ الْمُعَلَّى بْنُ خُنَيْسٍ وَ ابْنُ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ فِي سَفَرٍ فَأَكَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا ذَبِيحَةَ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى وَ أَبَى الْآخَرُ عَنْ أَكْلِهَا فَاجْتَمَعَا عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَأَخْبَرَاهُ فَقَالَ أَيُّكُمَا الَّذِي أَبَى قَالَ أَنَا قَالَ أَحْسَنْتَ.
“At one time I travelled with al-Mu‘alla’ ibn Khunays and ibn abu Ya’fur. One of them used the flesh of the animal slaughtered by Jews and Christians and the other abstained. They both went to visit abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and informed him of their story. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Which one of you abstained?’ He (one of the
قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ لَنَا جَاراً قَصَّاباً فَيَجِيءُ بِيَهُودِيٍّ فَيَذْبَحُ لَهُ حَتَّى يَشْتَرِيَ مِنْهُ الْيَهُودُ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْكُلْ مِنْ ذَبِيحَتِهِ وَ لَا تَشْتَرِ مِنْهُ.
“Once a man said to ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, we have a neighbor who is a butcher and he brings Jews who slaughter for him so that Jews can buy from him.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not use for food what he sells and do not buy from him.’”
قَالَ: هُوَ الِاسْمُ فَلَا يُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا مُسْلِمٌ.
‘It is a matter of the name (mentioning the name of Allah), thus, no one can be trusted in it except a Muslim.’”
سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْغَنَمُ يُرْسَلُ فِيهَا- الْيَهُودِيُّ وَ النَّصْرَانِيُّ فَتَعْرِضُ فِيهَا الْعَارِضَةُ فَيَذْبَحُ أَ نَأْكُلُ ذَبِيحَتَهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تُدْخِلْ ثَمَنَهَا مَالَكَ وَ لَا تَأْكُلْهَا فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ الِاسْمُ وَ لَا يُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا مُسْلِمٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- الْيَوْمَ أُحِلَّ لَكُمُ الطَّيّ
“A man once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when I was with him (the Imam) and said, ‘Sheep are sent to Jews and Christian for maintenance and something happens and it is slaughtered; if I can use it for food. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Do not mix the price you receive for it with your other assets and do not use i
ابْنُ سِنَانٍ قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تَأْكُلْ مِنْ ذَبَائِحِ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى وَ لَا تَأْكُلْ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Do not use for food what is slaughtered by Jews and Christians and do not eat in their utensils.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ ذَبَائِحِ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى فَقَالَ الذَّبِيحَةُ اسْمٌ وَ لَا يُؤْمَنُ عَلَى الِاسْمِ إِلَّا مُسْلِمٌ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the animals slaughtered by Jews and Christians. He (the Imam) said, ‘Slaughtering is a matter of name (mentioning the name of Allah); no one can be trusted in it except a Muslim.’”
قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا تَأْكُلْ ذَبَائِحَهُمْ وَ لَا تَأْكُلْ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ يَعْنِي أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ.
‘Do not use for food the animals they slaughter, do not eat in their utensils, meaning thereby people of the book.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ ذَبَائِحِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ إِذَا ذَكَرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَكِنِّي أَعْنِي مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَكُونُ عَلَى أَمْرِ مُوسَى وَ عِيسَى ع.
‘It is not unlawful if they mention the name of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and I mean those of them who are on the command of Moses and Jesus.’”
دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَا وَ أَبِي فَقُلْنَا لَهُ جَعَلَنَا اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ لَنَا خُلَطَاءَ مِنَ النَّصَارَى وَ إِنَّا نَأْتِيهِمْ فَيَذْبَحُونَ لَنَا الدَّجَاجَ وَ الْفِرَاخَ وَ الْجِدَاءَ[1] أَ فَنَأْكُلُهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْكُلُوهَا وَ لَا تَقْرَبُوهَا فَإِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ عَلَى ذَبَائِحِهِمْ مَا لَا أُحِبُّ لَكُمْ أَكْلَهَا قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا الْكُوفَةَ دَعَانَا بَعْضُهُمْ فَ
“Once my father and I visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and said, ‘We pray to Allah to keep our souls in service for your cause, we have Christian associates and they slaughter for us chickens and goats; if we can eat thereof. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not eat and do not get close to it; what they say on it is something bec
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ ذَبِيحَةِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ قَالَ فَقَالَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا يَأْكُلُونَ ذَبَائِحَكُمْ فَكَيْفَ تَسْتَحِلُّونَ أَنْ تَأْكُلُوا ذَبَائِحَهُمْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الِاسْمُ وَ لَا يُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا مُسْلِمٌ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the animals the people of the book slaughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘By Allah they do not eat what you slaughter; then how can you consider what they slaughter as lawful? It is a matter of name (mentioning the name of Allah), and no one can be trusted in it except a Muslim.’”
رَأَيْتُ عِنْدَهُ رَجُلًا يَسْأَلُهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ لِي أَخاً فَيُسْلِفُ فِي الْغَنَمِ فِي الْجِبَالِ فَيُعْطِي السِّنَّ مَكَانَ السِّنِ[2] فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ بِطِيبَةِ نَفْسٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَلَا بَأْسَ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ يَكُونُ لَهُ فِيهَا الْوَكِيلُ فَيَكُونُ يَهُودِيّاً أَوْ نَصْرَانِيّاً فَتَقَعُ فِيهَا الْعَارِضَةُ فَيَبِيعُهَا مَذْبُوحَةً وَ يَأْتِيهِ بِثَمَنِهَا وَ رُبَّمَا مَلَّحَهَا فَيَأْت
17. Certain persons of our people have narrated from Mansur ibn al-‘Abbas from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Qutaybah al-A’sha’ who has said the following: “I once saw a man with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), who asked, ‘I have a brother in the mountains who exchanges things for other things. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Is it because of mu
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَخْبِرْنِي جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لِمَ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى الْخَمْرَ وَ الْمَيْتَةَ وَ الدَّمَ وَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ ذَلِكَ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ وَ أَحَلَّ لَهُمْ سِوَاهُ رَغْبَةً مِنْهُ فِيمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لَا زُهْداً فِيمَا أَحَلَّ لَهُمْ وَ لَكِنَّهُ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ وَ عَلِمَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَا تَقُومُ ب
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, why has Allah, most Blessed, most High, made wine, dead animals, blood and the flesh of pigs unlawful?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah, who is free of all defects, the most High has not made such things unlawful for His
أَبُو سَعِيدٍ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص يَقُولُ- الْكُوفَةُ جُمْجُمَةُ الْعَرَبِ وَ رُمْحُ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ كَنْزُ الْإِيمَانِ فَخُذْ عَنْهُمْ أُخْبِرُكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص مَكَثَ بِمَكَّةَ يَوْماً وَ لَيْلَةً يَطْوِي[3] ثُمَّ خَرَجَ وَ خَرَجْتُ مَعَهُ فَمَرَرْنَا بِرِفْقَةٍ جُلُوسٍ يَتَغَدَّوْنَ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الْغَدَاءَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَعَمْ أَفْرِجُوا لِنَبِيِّكُمْ فَجَلَسَ بَ
1. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from Bistam ibn Murrah from Ishaq ibn Hassan from Haytham ibn Waqid from Ali ibn al-Hassan al-‘Abdiy from abu Harun from abu Sa‘id al-Khudriy who was asked about the following: “Abu Harun once asked abu Sa‘id al-Khudriy, ‘What do you say about this fish
كُلُّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ وَ مِخْلَبٍ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ حَرَامٌ.
’Of the beasts that which have canine teeth and of birds those which have claws are not lawful for food.’”
إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص قَالَ: كُلُّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ وَ مِخْلَبٍ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ حَرَامٌ وَ قَالَ ع لَا تَأْكُلْ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ شَيْئاً.
‘Of the beasts that which have canine teeth and of birds that which have claws are not lawful for food.’ He (the Imam) has said, ‘Do not use any of the beasts for food.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ يَعْنِي مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ ع أَ يَحِلُّ أَكْلُ لَحْمِ الْفِيلِ فَقَالَ لَا قُلْتُ وَ لِمَ قَالَ ع لِأَنَّهُ مَثُلَةٌ وَ قَدْ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْأَمْسَاخَ وَ لَحْمَ مَا مُثِّلَ بِهِ فِي صُوَرِهَا.
He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not lawful for food.’ I then asked, ‘Why is it so?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It has deformities and Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has made what is metamorphosed unlawful for food as well as the flesh of what is deformed in its shape.”’
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَكْلِ الضَّبِّ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الضَّبَّ وَ الْفَأْرَةَ وَ الْقِرَدَةَ وَ الْخَنَازِيرَ مُسُوخٌ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about eating lizards. He (the Imam) said, ‘Lizards, rats, apes and pigs are metamorphosed.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ لَحْمِ الْكَلْبِ فَقَالَ هُوَ مَسْخٌ قُلْتُ هُوَ حَرَامٌ قَالَ هُوَ نَجَسٌ أُعِيدُهَا عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ هُوَ نَجَسٌ.
‘It is metamorphosed.’ I asked, ‘Is it unlawful for food?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is Najis (unclean). I repeat it three times for you and each one says it is Najis (unclean).”’
أَنَّهُ كَرِهَ أَكْلَ كُلِّ ذِي حُمَةٍ[1].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), disliked using poisonous things for food.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْغُرَابِ الْأَبْقَعِ[2] وَ الْأَسْوَدِ أَ يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهُمَا فَقَالَ لَا يَحِلُّ أَكْلُ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْغِرْبَانِ زَاغٍ وَ لَا غَيْرِهِ.
“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about using crows of several colors and black ones, for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘None of the crows are lawful for food, zagh or others.’”
الطَّاوُسُ لَا يَحِلُّ أَكْلُهُ وَ لَا بَيْضُهُ.
‘It is not lawful to use it or its eggs for food.’”
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْهَا وَ عَنْ أَكْلِهَا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ وَ إِنَّمَا نَهَى عَنْ أَكْلِهَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ حَمُولَةَ النَّاسِ[1] وَ إِنَّمَا الْحَرَامُ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الْقُرْآنِ.
’The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited it on the day of Khaybar. He (the Messenger of Allah) did so on that day because people used it for transportation. Unlawful is what Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has made unlawful i
سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانُوا أَجْهَدُوا فِي خَيْبَرَ فَأَسْرَعَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي دَوَابِّهِمْ فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص بِإِكْفَاءِ الْقُدُورِ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ إِنَّهَا حَرَامٌ وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ إِبْقَاءً عَلَى الدَّوَابِّ.
’Muslims during the days of Khaybar faced difficulties and they rushed their stumpers. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, commanded that the cooking pots must be emptied (of cooking donkey flesh) and did not say it is unlawful for food.
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ لُحُومِ الْخَيْلِ فَقَالَ لَا تَأْكُلْ إِلَّا أَنْ تُصِيبَكَ ضَرُورَةٌ وَ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْأَهْلِيَّةِ فَقَالَ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَنَّهُ مَنَعَ أَكْلَهَا.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the flesh of horses. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not use it for food unless it is a matter of necessity, as well as the flesh of the domestic donkeys. He (the Imam) said, ’It is in the book of Ali, Alayhi al-Salam, that he (the Imam) prohibited using it for food.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ لُحُومِ الْحَمِيرِ فَقَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ أَكْلِهَا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَكْلِ الْخَيْلِ وَ الْبِغَالِ فَقَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْهَا فَلَا تَأْكُلُوهَا إِلَّا أَنْ تُضْطَرُّوا إِلَيْهَا.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the flesh of donkeys. He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited using it for food on the day of Khaybar.’ I asked him (the Imam) about using horses and mules
الْفِيلُ مَسْخٌ كَانَ مَلِكاً زَنَّاءً وَ الذِّئْبُ مَسْخٌ كَانَ أَعْرَابِيّاً دَيُّوثاً وَ الْأَرْنَبُ مَسْخٌ كَانَتِ امْرَأَةً تَخُونُ زَوْجَهَا وَ لَا تَغْتَسِلُ مِنْ حَيْضِهَا وَ الْوَطْوَاطُ[2] مَسْخٌ كَانَ يَسْرِقُ تُمُورَ النَّاسِ وَ الْقِرَدَةُ وَ الْخَنَازِيرُ قَوْمٌ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اعْتَدَوْا فِي السَّبْتِ وَ الْجِرِّيثُ وَ الضَّبُّ فِرْقَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا حَيْثُ نَزَلَتِ ال
“Abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The Elephant is metamorphosed, he was a king who fornicated. The wolf is metamorphosed. He was an A’rabi and a pimp. The Fox is metamorphosed. She was a woman who cheated her husband and would not take Ghusl (bath) because of her Hayd (menses). The Bat is metamorpho
سُئِلَ الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الْغُرَابِ الْأَبْقَعِ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ لَا يُؤْكَلُ وَ قَالَ وَ مَنْ أَحَلَّ لَكَ الْأَسْوَدَ.
“Al-Rida’ (a.s.), was asked about the crow of several colors; if it can be use for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘Who is he that has made the black lawful for you for food?”’
الطَّاوُسُ مَسْخٌ كَانَ رَجُلًا جَمِيلًا فَكَابَرَ امْرَأَةَ رَجُلٍ مُؤْمِنٍ تُحِبُّهُ فَوَقَعَ بِهَا ثُمَّ رَاسَلَتْهُ بَعْدُ فَمَسَخَهُمَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ طَاوُسَيْنِ أُنْثَى وَ ذَكَراً وَ لَا يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهُ وَ لَا بَيْضُهُ.
“Abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), has said, ‘The Peacock is metamorphosed. He was a beautiful man. He treated with disregard the woman of a believing man. The woman loved him and he fell on her, then continued and was metamorphosed by Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, in the form of male and female. It is not edible,
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَأْكُولِ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ وَ الْوَحْشِ فَقَالَ حَرَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص كُلَّ ذِي مِخْلَبٍ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ وَ كُلَّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ الْوَحْشِ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ مِنَ السَّبُعِ فَقَالَ لِي يَا سَمَاعَةُ السَّبُعُ كُلُّهُ حَرَامٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ سَبُعاً لَا نَابَ لَهُ وَ إِنَّمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص هَذَا تَفْصِيلًا وَ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَسُولُهُ ص
The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited using for food of every bird that has claws and beast that has canine teeth.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘O Sama‘ah, all beasts are inedible; even if it is a beast that does not have canine teeth.
قُلْتُ لَهُ الطَّيْرُ مَا يُؤْكَلُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ لَا يُؤْكَلُ مِنْهُ مَا لَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about what is edible of birds. He (the Imam) said, ‘None of them is edible unless it has a craw.”’
وَ اللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَطُّ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ مَا يُؤْكَلُ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ فَقَالَ كُلْ مَا دَفَّ وَ لَا تَأْكُلْ مَا صَفَّ قُلْتُ الْبَيْضُ فِي الْآجَامِ فَقَالَ مَا اسْتَوَى طَرَفَاهُ[1] فَلَا تَأْكُلْهُ وَ مَا اخْتَلَفَ طَرَفَاهُ فَكُلْ قُلْتُ فَطَيْرُ الْمَاءِ قَالَ مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ فَكُلْ وَ مَا لَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ فَلَا تَأْكُلْ.
“I swear by Allah that I have never seen anyone like abu Ja‘far, Alayhi al-Salam. I once, said to him (the Imam), ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, what is edible of birds?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You can use for food all that flap their wings in flight, and do not eat what keeps its wings straight in flight.’ I then as
كُلْ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ وَ لَا مِخْلَبَ لَهُ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ طَيْرِ الْمَاءِ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Of birds you can eat that which has gizzard and no claws.’ I then asked about birds in water and he (the Imam) said a similar thing.’”
كُلْ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ أَوْ صِيصِيَةٌ أَوْ حَوْصَلَةٌ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Of birds you can eat whatever has gizzard or spur of the rooster or craws.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي أَكُونُ فِي الْآجَامِ فَيَخْتَلِفُ عَلَيَّ الطَّيْرُ فَمَا آكُلُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ كُلْ مَا دَفَّ وَ لَا تَأْكُلْ مَا صَفَّ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي أُوتَى بِهِ مَذْبُوحاً فَقَالَ كُلْ مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ قَانِصَةٌ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about birds that I find in wilderness and about which is edible. He (the Imam) said, ‘All birds that flap their wings in flight are edible and all birds that keep their wings straight in flight are not edible.’ ‘What happens if they are brought to me already slaughtered?’
إِذَا دَخَلْتَ أَجَمَةً فَوَجَدْتَ بَيْضاً فَلَا تَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَا اخْتَلَفَ طَرَفَاهُ.
’Do not eat unless the shape of its both ends is different.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع الْبَيْضُ فِي الْآجَامِ فَقَالَ مَا اسْتَوَى طَرَفَاهُ فَلَا تَأْكُلْ وَ مَا اخْتَلَفَ طَرَفَاهُ فَكُلْ.
‘Do not eat whatever has its both ends of the same shape and eat that which has the ends of different shapes.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ يَعْنِي أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَدْخُلُ الْأَجَمَةَ فَيَجِدُ فِيهَا بَيْضاً مُخْتَلِفاً لَا يَدْرِي بَيْضُ مَا هُوَ أَ بَيْضُ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ أَوْ يُسْتَحَبُّ فَقَالَ إِنَّ فِيهِ عَلَماً لَا يَخْفَى انْظُرْ إِلَى كُلِّ بَيْضَةٍ تَعْرِفُ رَأْسَهَا مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا فَكُلْ وَ مَا يَسْتَوِي فِي ذَلِكَ فَدَعْهُ[1].
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who enters the wilderness and finds different eggs which he does not know from what kind of birds they are; if it is of birds that are undesirable or of the desirable ones. He (the Imam) said, ‘There is knowledge in it which is not unclear. If you look at eac
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ كُلْ مِنَ الْبَيْضِ مَا لَمْ يَسْتَوِ رَأْسَاهُ وَ قَالَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ بَيْضِ طَيْرِ الْمَاءِ مِثْلَ بَيْضِ الدَّجَاجِ وَ عَلَى خِلْقَتِهِ أَحَدُ رَأْسَيْهِ مُفَرْطَحٌ وَ إِلَّا فَلَا تَأْكُلْ.
‘If both ends of an egg are not of the same shape you then can use it for food.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is of the eggs of the birds of water like the eggs of chicken with one end wider, otherwise, do not use it for food.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي أَكُونُ فِي الْآجَامِ فَيَخْتَلِفُ عَلَيَّ الْبَيْضُ فَمَا آكُلُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ كُلْ مِنْهُ مَا اخْتَلَفَ طَرَفَاهُ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the eggs that I may find in the wilderness and about which ones are edible. He (the Imam) said, ‘Eat whatever is of different shapes at both ends.’”
سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ عِنْدَهُ عَنْ جَدْيٍ يَرْضِعُ مِنْ خِنْزِيرَةٍ حَتَّى كَبِرَ وَ شَبَّ وَ اشْتَدَّ عَظْمُهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَجُلًا اسْتَفْحَلَهُ فِي غَنَمِهِ فَأُخْرِجَ لَهُ نَسْلٌ فَقَالَ أَمَّا مَا عَرَفْتَ مِنْ نَسْلِهِ بِعَيْنِهِ فَلَا تَقْرَبَنَّهُ وَ أَمَّا مَا لَمْ تَعْرِفْهُ فَكُلْهُ فَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْجُبُنِّ وَ لَا تَسْأَلْ عَنْهُ[3].
“Once abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked, when I was with him (the Imam) about the young goat fed with milk from pigs until it grew up and became of strong bones; then a man used it for impregnating the flock of his sheep and young were produced. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you can find out its offspring exactly, then do no
هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْجُبُنِّ فَمَا عَرَفْتَ بِأَنَّهُ ضَرَبَهُ فَلَا تَأْكُلْهُ وَ مَا لَمْ تَعْرِفْهُ فَكُلْهُ.
“About the case of a young goat that is fed with the milk of a pig and it is used to impregnate the flock of sheep, abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), has said, ‘It is like cheese. If you recognize its offspring exactly, then do not eat; but you can eat if you cannot recognize it.’”
قَالَ: لَا تَأْكُلْ مِنْ لَحْمِ حَمَلٍ يَرْضِعُ مِنْ لَبَنِ خِنْزِيرَةٍ.
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from abu Hamzah in a marfu‘ manner has said the following: “He (the Imam) (a.s.), do not use for food the flesh of a lamb which is fed with the milk of a pig. 5 ”
كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مِنْ كُلِّ سُوءٍ امْرَأَةٌ أَرْضَعَتْ عَنَاقاً حَتَّى فُطِمَتْ وَ كَبِرَتْ وَ ضَرَبَهَا الْفَحْلُ ثُمَّ وَضَعَتْ أَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ لَحْمُهَا وَ لَبَنُهَا فَكَتَبَ ع فِعْلٌ مَكْرُوهٌ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.
‘It is an undesirable act but it is not unlawful.’ ”
قَيِّدُوهُ وَ اعْلِفُوهُ الْكُسْبَ[1] وَ النَّوَى وَ الشَّعِيرَ وَ الْخُبْزَ إِنْ كَانَ اسْتَغْنَى عَنِ اللَّبَنِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ اسْتَغْنَى عَنِ اللَّبَنِ فَيُلْقَى عَلَى ضَرْعِ شَاةٍ سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهُ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin was asked about a lamb that was fed with the milk of a pig. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must quarantine it and feed it animal feed, oil residue, nuts, barley and bread, if it is independent of milk; but if it is not independent of milk then feed it with milk of a she
لَا تَأْكُلُوا لُحُومَ الْجَلَّالاتِ وَ هِيَ الَّتِي تَأْكُلُ الْعَذِرَةَ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَكَ مِنْ عَرَقِهَا فَاغْسِلْهُ[2].
‘Do not eat the flesh of animals that feed on human feces, and if their perspiration comes in contact with you, wash it clean.”
لَا تَشْرَبْ مِنْ أَلْبَانِ الْإِبِلِ الْجَلَّالَةِ وَ إِنْ أَصَابَكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ عَرَقِهَا فَاغْسِلْهُ[1].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Do not drink the milk of camels that feed on human feces; and if their perspiration comes in contact with you, wash it clean.’”
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع الدَّجَاجَةُ الْجَلَّالَةُ لَا يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهَا حَتَّى تُقَيَّدَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ الْبَطَّةُ الْجَلَّالَةُ خَمْسَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ الشَّاةُ الْجَلَّالَةُ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَ الْبَقَرَةُ الْجَلَّالَةُ عِشْرِينَ يَوْماً وَ النَّاقَةُ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً.
’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, “If a chicken feeds on human feces, it cannot be used for food until it is quarantined for three days. ‘If it is a duck, quarantine time is five days, for a sheep for ten days, for a cow twenty days and for a camel it is forty days.’”