سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ وَقْتِ الظُّهْرِ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي السَّفَرِ فَقَالَ عِنْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ وَ ذَلِكَ وَقْتُهَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي غَيْرِ السَّفَرِ.
‘It is at Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime) which is its time on Friday when one is not on a journey.’”
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ أَوْ عَجَّلَتْ بِهِ حَاجَةٌ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَ الْعَصْرِ وَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ الْعِشَاءِ قَالَ وَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ تُعَجِّلَ عِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةِ فِي السَّفَرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغِيبَ الشَّفَقُ.
‘The Messenger of Allah, when on a journey or being in need for something, would perform al-Dhuhr and al-‘Asr Salah (prayer) together soon one after the other, as well as al-Maghrib and al-‘Isha’ Salah (prayer).’ He (the narrator) has said that abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not harmful to perform al-‘Isha’ al
كُنْتُ أَنَا وَ نَفَرٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا مُتَرَافِقِينَ فِيهِمْ مُيَسِّرٌ فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَارْتَحَلْنَا وَ نَحْنُ نَشُكُّ فِي الزَّوَالِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُنَا لِبَعْضٍ فَامْشُوا بِنَا قَلِيلًا حَتَّى نَتَيَقَّنَ الزَّوَالَ ثُمَّ نُصَلِّيَ فَفَعَلْنَا فَمَا مَشَيْنَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا حَتَّى عَرَضَ لَنَا قِطَارُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقُلْتُ أَتَى الْقِطَارُ فَرَأَيْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَ
“Once a few persons of our people and I were in a company, among them was Muyassir, between Makkah and al-Madinah. As we traveled, we were in doubt about the time of Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime). Certain ones among us said that we must walk for a while until we are certain about Zawal, then
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ فِي السَّفَرِ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ وَ رُوِيَ أَيْضاً إِلَى نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ.
The time for al-Maghrib on a journey is up to one-third of the night.’ It is also narrated that it is up to midnight.”
التَّقْصِيرُ فِي بَرِيدٍ وَ الْبَرِيدُ أَرْبَعَةُ فَرَاسِخَ.
“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Salah (prayer) is reduced after traveling a distance of one barid and one barid is four farasikh (which is twelve miles).”’
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَدْنَى مَا يَقْصُرُ فِيهِ الْمُسَافِرُ فَقَالَ بَرِيدٌ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the minimum distance after the traveling of which a traveler reduces his Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is one barid.’”
بَيْنَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ وَ أَبِي عِنْدَ وَالٍ لِبَنِي أُمَيَّةَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ إِذْ جَاءَ أَبِي فَجَلَسَ فَقَالَ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ هَذَا قُبَيْلُ فَسَأَلَهُمْ عَنِ التَّقْصِيرِ فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ فِي ثَلَاثٍ[1] وَ قَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ وَ قَالَ قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ رَوْحَةٍ فَسَأَلَنِي[2] فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ ع بِالتَّقْصِيرِ قَالَ لَهُ النَّب
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Khazzaz from certain persons of our people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Once we were sitting and my father was with the governor of banu ‘Umayyah over the people of al-Madinah. My father came back
سُئِلَ عَنْ حَدِّ الْأَمْيَالِ الَّتِي يَجِبُ فِيهَا التَّقْصِيرُ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص جَعَلَ حَدَّ الْأَمْيَالِ مِنْ ظِلِّ عَيْرٍ إِلَى ظِلِّ وُعَيْرٍ وَ هُمَا جَبَلَانِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَإِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَقَعَ ظِلُّ عَيْرٍ إِلَى ظِلِّ وُعَيْرٍ وَ هُوَ الْمِيلُ الَّذِي وَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَلَيْهِ التَّقْصِيرَ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the limit of the miles which is involved in Taqsir (reducing Salah (prayer) on a journey after traveling a certain distance). Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘The Messenger of Allah had determined the limits of such mile to be from the shadow of ‘Ayr to the shadow of O’ Ayr and they
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنْ قَوْمٍ خَرَجُوا فِي سَفَرٍ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَوْا إِلَى الْمَوْضِعِ الَّذِي يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهِ التَّقْصِيرُ قَصَّرُوا مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ فَلَمَّا صَارُوا عَلَى فَرْسَخَيْنِ أَوْ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ فَرَاسِخَ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةٍ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ لَا يَسْتَقِيمُ لَهُمْ سَفَرُهُمْ إِلَّا بِهِ فَأَقَامُوا يَنْتَظِرُونَ مَجِيئَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ هُمْ لَا يَسْتَقِيمُ لَهُمُ السَّفَرُ إِلَّا بِ
“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a people who are on a journey. When they arrived at the place where they were required to perform their Salah (prayer) in a reduced form, they reduced their Salah (prayer). After traveling two, three, or four farsakh, one of them without whom their journey could not
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الرَّجُلُ يُرِيدُ السَّفَرَ مَتَى يُقَصِّرُ قَالَ إِذَا تَوَارَى مِنَ الْبُيُوتِ قَالَ قُلْتُ الرَّجُلُ يُرِيدُ السَّفَرَ فَيَخْرُجُ حِينَ تَزُولُ الشَّمْسُ قَالَ إِذَا خَرَجْتَ فَصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ. - وَ رَوَى الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ وَ فَضَالَةَ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ مِثْلَهُ.
“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who wants to travel. Where is he required to apply the rules about journey? He (the Imam) said, ‘He must apply them where houses become invisible to him? I then asked, ‘A man begins his journey on Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime). What is he requi
سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا ع يَقُولُ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَ أَنْتَ فِي الْمِصْرِ وَ أَنْتَ تُرِيدُ السَّفَرَ فَأَتِمَّ فَإِذَا خَرَجْتَ بَعْدَ الزَّوَالِ قَصِّرِ الْعَصْرَ.
“I once heard al-Rida’ (a.s.), say, ‘At Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime) if you are in a city and want to travel, if you go out after Zawal perform al-‘Asr Salah in the reduced form.’”
خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا الشَّجَرَةَ فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَا نَبَّالُ قُلْتُ لَبَّيْكَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَجِبْ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ هَذَا الْعَسْكَرِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ أَرْبَعاً غَيْرِي وَ غَيْرُكَ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ نَخْرُجَ.
“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and I traveled until we were at al-Shajarah. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said to me, ‘O Nabbal.’ I replied, ‘Yes Imam, I am here.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘In this group no one other than you and I, are required to perform our Salah (prayer) in four Rak‘at because it became the time for Salah (praye
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَدْخُلُ مِنْ سَفَرِهِ وَ قَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَإِذَا خَرَجَ إِلَى سَفَرٍ وَ قَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ فَلْيُصَلِّ أَرْبَعاً[1].
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who returns from his journey when it has become the time for a Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) as two Rak‘at and if he goes out on a journey when it has become the time for Salah (prayer) he is required to perform his Sal
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ مُسَافِراً ثُمَّ يَقْدَمُ فَيَدْخُلُ بُيُوتَ الْكُوفَةِ أَ يُتِمُّ الصَّلَاةَ أَمْ يَكُونُ مُقَصِّراً حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ بَلْ يَكُونُ مُقَصِّراً حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ أَهْلَهُ.
I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about a man who is on a journey, returns and arrives among the houses of al-Kufah. Is he required to perform his Salah (prayer) complete or as reduced until he comes to his family? He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) as reduced until he comes to his family.
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّى وَ هُوَ مُسَافِرٌ فَأَتَمَّ الصَّلَاةَ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ فِي وَقْتٍ فَلْيُعِدْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْوَقْتُ قَدْ مَضَى فَلَا.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who on a journey performs Salah (prayer) in complete form. He (the Imam) said, ‘If there is time for it he is required to perform his Salah (prayer) again, otherwise, it is passed.’”
قُلْتُ لَهُ[1] رَجُلٌ فَاتَتْهُ صَلَاةٌ مِنْ صَلَاةِ السَّفَرِ فَذَكَرَهَا فِي الْحَضَرِ قَالَ يَقْضِي مَا فَاتَهُ كَمَا فَاتَهُ إِنْ كَانَتْ صَلَاةَ السَّفَرِ أَدَّاهَا فِي الْحَضَرِ مِثْلَهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ فَلْيَقْضِ فِي السَّفَرِ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ كَمَا فَاتَتْهُ.
“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about a man who misses a Salah (prayer) while on a journey and remembers it when he is at home. He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs Qada’ (compensatory prayer) for it just as it was missed, if missed on a journey the compensatory prayer for it at home is as reduced and if it is missed
سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَرَجَ فِي سَفَرٍ ثُمَّ تَبْدُو لَهُ الْإِقَامَةُ وَ هُوَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ قَالَ يُتِمُّ إِذَا بَدَتْ لَهُ الْإِقَامَةُ.
“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who is on a journey and during performing a Salah (prayer) he decides to stay there for ten days. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he decides to stay for ten days, he is required to perform his Salah (prayer) complete.’” (The following chapter is best explained in the form of fatw
قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ مَنْ قَدِمَ بَلْدَةً إِلَى مَتَى يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُقَصِّراً وَ مَتَى يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يُتِمَّ قَالَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ أَرْضاً فَأَيْقَنْتَ أَنَّ لَكَ بِهَا مُقَاماً عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَأَتِمَّ الصَّلَاةَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَدْرِ مَا مُقَامُكَ بِهَا تَقُولُ غَداً أَخْرُجُ أَوْ بَعْدَ غَدٍ فَقَصِّرْ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ أَنْ يَمْضِيَ شَهْرٌ فَإِذَا تَمَّ لَكَ شَهْرٌ فَأَتِمَّ الصَّلَاةَ
“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who returns home from a journey. To what time is he required to perform his Salah (prayer) as reduced, and when is he required to perform his Salah (prayer) as complete? He (the Imam) said, ‘If you enter a land and you become certain of staying there for ten days, then perfo
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ بِالْبَصْرَةِ وَ هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ لَهُ بِهَا دَارٌ وَ مَنْزِلٌ فَيَمُرُّ بِالْكُوفَةِ وَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مُجْتَازٌ لَا يُرِيدُ الْمُقَامَ إِلَّا بِقَدْرِ مَا يَتَجَهَّزُ يَوْماً أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ قَالَ يُقِيمُ فِي جَانِبِ الْمِصْرِ وَ يُقَصِّرُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ دَخَلَ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ التَّمَامُ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is in al-Basra and he is from al- Kufah. He has a house there and he passes by al-Kufah just as a passer-by without an intention to stay there except for picking up supplies within one or two days. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to stay in one side of the city a
سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ أَنَا أَسْمَعُ عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ إِنْ حَدَّثَ نَفْسَهُ بِإِقَامَةِ عَشَرَةِ أَيَّامٍ قَالَ فَلْيُتِمَّ الصَّلَاةَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَدْرِ مَا يُقِيمُ يَوْماً أَوْ أَكْثَرَ فَلْيَعُدَّ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْماً ثُمَّ لْيُتِمَّ وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَقَامَ يَوْماً أَوْ صَلَاةً وَاحِدَةً فَقَالَ لَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ قُلْتَ خَمْساً فَقَالَ قَدْ قُلْتُ ذَاكَ
“Muhammad ibn Muslim once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when I was listening, about a traveler who thinks to stay for ten days. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) as complete. If he does not know for how long he will stay, like for one or more, he can count to thirty days, then perform his
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع أَرْبَعَةٌ قَدْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمُ التَّمَامُ فِي السَّفَرِ كَانُوا أَوِ الْحَضَرِ الْمُكَارِي وَ الْكَرِيُّ وَ الرَّاعِي وَ الْأَشْتَقَانُ لِأَنَّهُ عَمَلُهُمْ.[2]
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, Tour kinds of people are required to perform their Salah (prayer) as complete on a journey or when at home. Of such people are muleteers, al-kariy (workers of muleteers), shepherds and mailmen, because it is their work.’” “In another Hadith it is said that a muleteer performs his Salah (pr
لَيْسَ عَلَى الْمَلَّاحِينَ فِي سَفِينَتِهِمْ تَقْصِيرٌ وَ لَا عَلَى الْمُكَارِي وَ الْجَمَّالِ. - وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى الْمُكَارِي إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ فَلْيُقَصِّرْ. قَالَ وَ مَعْنَى جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ يَجْعَلُ مَنْزِلَيْنِ مَنْزِلًا[1].
“One of the two Imam (a.s.), has said, ‘Sailors when in their vessel are not required to perform their Salah (prayer) as reduced as well as muleteers and camel drivers.’ In another Hadith it is said that muleteers perform their Salah (prayer) as reduced when the journey becomes condensed, like walking two days of journ
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الصَّيْدِ أَ يُقَصِّرُ أَمْ يُتِمُّ قَالَ يُتِمُّ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِمَسِيرِ حَقٍّ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who goes for hunting. Can he perform his Salah (prayer) as reduced? He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) as complete, because it is not a journey in the way of truth.’”
قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الصَّيْدِ مَسِيرَةَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ يُقَصِّرُ أَوْ يُتِمُّ فَقَالَ إِنْ خَرَجَ لِقُوتِهِ وَ قُوتِ عِيَالِهِ فَلْيُفْطِرْ وَ لْيُقَصِّرْ وَ إِنْ خَرَجَ لِطَلَبِ الْفُضُولِ فَلَا وَ لَا كَرَامَةَ.
“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about a man who goes hunting to a place which is one or two day’s journey away. Is he required to perform his Salah (prayer) as complete or reduced? He (the Imam) said, ‘If he goes to provide for his family, he is not required to fast, and performs his Salah (prayer) as reduced. If
كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ لِي جِمَالًا وَ لِي قُوَّامٌ عَلَيْهَا وَ قَدْ أَخْرُجُ فِيهَا إِلَى طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ لِرَغْبَةٍ فِي الْحَجِّ أَوْ فِي النَّدْرَةِ إِلَى بَعْضِ الْمَوَاضِعِ فَهَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَيَّ التَّقْصِيرُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصِّيَامِ فَوَقَّعَ ع إِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَلْزَمُهَا وَ لَا تَخْرُجُ مَعَهَا فِي كُلِّ سَفَرٍ إِلَّا إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَعَلَيْكَ تَقْصِيرٌ وَ فُطُورٌ.
“I once wrote to him (the Imam) (a.s.), ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause. I have a few camels and I have a caretaker for them. At certain times I go to them on the way to Makkah because of desire for Hajj or for al-Nadrah (rarely) in certain places. Is it necessary to perform my Salah (prayer)
يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ يَمْضِي حَيْثُ شَاءَ[1].
“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about a traveler if he can perform Salah (prayer) behind a non-traveler. He (the Imam) said, ‘After performing two Rak‘at, he then can move away whenever he wants.’”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ يُصَلِّي مَعَ الْإِمَامِ فَيُدْرِكُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ أَ يُجْزِئُ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a traveler who performs Salah (prayer) behind an Imam and joins only for two Rak‘at, is it sufficient? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is sufficient.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ[2] عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفَرِ قَالَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَ لَا بَعْدَهُمَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ لْيَتَطَوَّعْ بِاللَّيْلِ مَا شَاءَ إِنْ كَانَ نَازِلًا وَ إِنْ كَانَ رَاكِباً فَلْيُصَلِّ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ وَ هُوَ رَاكِبٌ وَ لْتَكُنْ صَلَاتُهُ إِيمَاءً وَ لْيَكُنْ رَأْسُهُ حَيْثُ يُرِيدُ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنْ
“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about Salah (prayer) on a journey. He (the Imam) said, ‘ It is a two Rak‘at without anything before or thereafter, except that it is appropriate for a traveler to perform four Rak‘at after al-Maghrib and optional Salah (prayer) during the night as much as he wants, if a traveler on
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ لَا تَدَعْهُنَّ فِي حَضَرٍ وَ لَا سَفَرٍ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘There are four Rak‘at after al-Maghrib. You must not omit them, regardless of being on a journey or while at home.’”
الصَّلَاةُ فِي السَّفَرِ رَكْعَتَانِ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَ لَا بَعْدَهُمَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا الْمَغْرِبَ فَإِنَّ بَعْدَهَا أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ لَا تَدَعْهُنَّ فِي حَضَرٍ وَ لَا سَفَرٍ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ قَضَاءُ صَلَاةِ النَّهَارِ[1] وَ صَلِّ صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ وَ اقْضِهِ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Salah (prayer) on a journey is of two Rak‘at and there is nothing before or thereafter except al-Maghrib after which there are four Rak‘at which you must not omit on a journey or while at home. You are not required to perform the compensatory Salah (prayer) during the day but you shou
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَاتَتْنِي صَلَاةُ اللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ فَأَقْضِيهَا فِي النَّهَارِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ أَطَقْتَ ذَلِكَ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about nightly optional Salah (prayer) which are missed. Can I perform the compensatory prayer for them during the day? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so, if you are able to bear it.’”
نَعَمْ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهاً قَالَ فَقُلْتُ عَلَى الْبَعِيرِ وَ الدَّابَّةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهاً قُلْتُ أَسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةَ إِذَا أَرَدْتُ التَّكْبِيرَ قَالَ لَا وَ لَكِنْ تُكَبِّرُ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ مُتَوَجِّهاً وَ كَذَلِكَ فَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about performing optional Salah (prayer) on the back of camel or stumper. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so as your face is.’ I then asked, ‘Am I required to face al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) when saying Takbir (Allah is great beyond description)? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, you are not
خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ أَمَّا أَنْتُمْ فَشَبَابٌ تُؤَخِّرُونَ وَ أَمَّا أَنَا فَشَيْخٌ أُعَجِّلُ فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ.
“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and I journeyed between Makkah and al-Madinah and he would say, ‘You, however, are young people, thus you delay. I am old so I hurry up.’ He (the Imam) would perform the nightly optional Salah (prayer) in the beginning of the night.”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ قَالَ يُومِئُ إِيمَاءً يَجْعَلُ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ قُلْتُ يُصَلِّي وَ هُوَ يَمْشِي قَالَ نَعَمْ يُومِئُ إِيمَاءً وَ لْيَجْعَلِ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ.
“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs Salah (prayer) on his stumper. He (the Imam) said, ‘He makes gestures for Sujud (prostrations) lower than the gesture for Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees).’ I then asked, ‘Can he perform Salah (prayer) while walking? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, but in the fo
فِي الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي النَّوَافِلَ فِي الْأَمْصَارِ وَ هُوَ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ حَيْثُ تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ لَا بَأْسَ.
“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs optional Salah (prayer) in the cities while on the stumper and to whatever direction it faces. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is not harmful.’”
أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَرَى بَأْساً أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الْمَاشِي وَ هُوَ يَمْشِي وَ لَكِنْ لَا يَسُوقُ الْإِبِلَ[1].
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), did not consider it harmful to perform Salah (prayer) while walking, but he must not be driving a camel.”
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ وَ الْوَتْرِ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ فِي السَّفَرِ إِذَا تَخَوَّفْتُ الْبَرْدَ وَ كَانَتْ عِلَّةٌ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنَا أَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ.
‘It is not harmful and I do it so.’”
سَأَلْتُهُ يَعْنِي الرِّضَا ع عَنِ الْأَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ فِي السَّفَرِ يُعْجِلُنِي الْجَمَّالُ وَ لَا يُمَكِّنِّي الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ هَلْ أُصَلِّيهَا فِي الْمَحْمِلِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ صَلِّهَا فِي الْمَحْمِلِ.
“I once asked him (Imam al-Rida’) (a.s.), about the four Rak‘at after al-Maghrib on a journey, because camel man is in hurry and I am not able to perform on the ground. Can I perform Salah (prayer) in the carriage on the camel’s back? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can perform it in the carriage.’”
صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيِ الْفَجْرِ فِي الْمَحْمِلِ.
“Al-Rida’ (a.s.), has said, ‘You can perform the two morning Rak‘at in the carriage.”
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُصَلِّي مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا الْوَتْرُ وَ رَكْعَتَا الْفَجْرِ فِي السَّفَرِ وَ الْحَضَرِ.
“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah would perform thirteen Rak‘at at night of which one Rak‘at was al-Witr and two Rak‘at of the morning whether on a journey or at home.’”
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ صَلَاةُ النَّهَارِ سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً ثَمَانٌ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَ ثَمَانٌ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ وَ أَرْبَعُ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ يَا حَارِثُ لَا تَدَعْهُنَّ فِي سَفَرٍ وَ لَا حَضَرٍ وَ رَكْعَتَانِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ كَانَ أَبِي يُصَلِّيهِمَا وَ هُوَ قَاعِدٌ وَ أَنَا أُصَلِّيهِمَا وَ أَنَا قَائِمٌ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص يُصَلِّي ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَك
“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah, saying, ‘During the day there are sixteen Rak‘ats Salah (prayer). There are eight after the sun declines to the west at noon, eight after Dhuhr Salah (prayer), four Rak‘at after Maghrib (soon after sunset) - O Harith do not miss them at home or on a journey- and two Rak‘at after the ‘Isha’ al-A
تُصَلِّيهَا بِاللَّيْلِ وَ تُصَلِّيهَا فِي السَّفَرِ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَاجْعَلْهَا مِنْ نَوَافِلِكَ.
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You can perform this Salah (prayer) during the night and on a journey, during the night or day, and if you like, you can make it part of your optional Salah (prayer).”’
كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي صَلَاةِ التَّسْبِيحِ فِي الْمَحْمِلِ فَكَتَبَ ع إِذَا كُنْتَ مُسَافِراً فَصَلِّ.
“I wrote to the man (Imam) (a.s.), ‘What do you say about reading Salah (prayer) of Tasbih while sitting in a carriage on the back of camel?’ He wrote back, ‘If you are on a journey you can perform it (in such carriage).”’
سَأَلَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْجَهْمِ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع لِابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ فَقَالَ مَا تَرَى لَهُ وَ ابْنُ أَسْبَاطٍ حَاضِرٌ وَ نَحْنُ جَمِيعاً يَرْكَبُ الْبَرَّ أَوِ الْبَحْرَ إِلَى مِصْرَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِخَيْرِ طَرِيقِ الْبَرِّ فَقَالَ الْبَرُّ[1] وَ ائْتِ الْمَسْجِدَ فِي غَيْرِ وَقْتِ صَلَاةِ الْفَرِيضَةِ فَصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ اسْتَخِرِ اللَّهَ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ ثُمَّ انْظُرْ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ يَقَعُ فِي قَلْبِكَ فَاعْمَلْ بِ
“Al-Hassan ibn Jahm asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), for ibn Asbat; ibn Asbat and we all were present. ‘Should he travel by land or by sea to Egypt? Please tell him about the best road by land.’ The Imam said, ‘By land, but go to the Masjid in a time other than that for obligatory Salah (prayer). Perform two Rak‘at Salah (p
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ مَا تَرَى آخُذُ بَرّاً أَوْ بَحْراً فَإِنَّ طَرِيقَنَا مَخُوفٌ شَدِيدُ الْخَطَرِ فَقَالَ اخْرُجْ بَرّاً وَ لَا عَلَيْكَ[3] أَنْ تَأْتِيَ مَسْجِدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص وَ تُصَلِّيَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فِي غَيْرِ وَقْتِ فَرِيضَةٍ ثُمَّ لَتَسْتَخِيرُ اللَّهَ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ وَ مَرَّةً ثُمَّ تَنْظُرُ فَإِنْ عَزَمَ اللَّهُ لَكَ عَلَى الْبَحْرِ فَقُلِ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ
“I said to abu al-Hassan al-Rida (a.s.), ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause. Do you advise if I travel by land or by sea? Our road is very dangerous and frightening.’ The Imam said, ‘Travel by land but there is no offense, if you go to the Masjid of the Messenger of Allah; perform two Rak‘at Sal
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص مَا اسْتَخْلَفَ عَبْدٌ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ بِخِلَافَةٍ أَفْضَلَ مِنَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ يَرْكَعُهُمَا إِذَا أَرَادَ سَفَراً يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَوْدِعُكَ نَفْسِي وَ أَهْلِي وَ مَالِي وَ دِينِي وَ دُنْيَايَ وَ آخِرَتِي وَ أَمَانَتِي وَ خَوَاتِيمَ عَمَلِي إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ مَا سَأَلَ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from af-Nawfafiy, from af-Sakuniy who has said the following: ”Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘A servant (of Allah) is not able to leave a successor among his people in his absence better than two Rak‘at Salah (prayer). It
لَمَّا عُرِجَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص نَزَلَ بِالصَّلَاةِ عَشْرَ رَكَعَاتٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَلَمَّا وُلِدَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ زَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص سَبْعَ رَكَعَاتٍ شُكْراً لِلَّهِ[1] فَأَجَازَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ تَرَكَ الْفَجْرَ لَمْ يَزِدْ فِيهَا لِضِيقِ وَقْتِهَا لِأَنَّهُ تَحْضُرُهَا مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّيْلِ وَ مَلَائِكَةُ النَّهَارِ فَلَمَّا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ بِالتَّقْصِيرِ فِي السَّفَرِ وَضَعَ عَ
“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘When the Messenger of Allah was taken up (to heavens) he was commanded to perform Salah (prayer) and he returned with ten Rak‘at Salah (prayer) for every day. Each Salah (prayer) consisted of two Rak‘at. When al-Hassan and al-Husayn, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, were born, the Messenger of Allah in
قَالَ لِي يَا هَارُونَ بْنَ خَارِجَةَ كَمْ بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَ مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ يَكُونُ مِيلًا قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَتُصَلِّي فِيهِ الصَّلَوَاتِ كُلَّهَا قُلْتُ لَا فَقَالَ أَمَا لَوْ كُنْتُ بِحَضْرَتِهِ لَرَجَوْتُ أَلَّا تَفُوتَنِي فِيهِ صَلَاةٌ وَ تَدْرِي مَا فَضْلُ ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ صَالِحٍ وَ لَا نَبِيٍّ إِلَّا وَ قَدْ صَلَّى فِي مَسْجِدِ كُوفَانَ حَتَّى إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا أَسْرَى الل
“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked me, ‘O Harun ibn Kharijah, how far away do you live from the Masjid of Kufah? Is it one mile?’ I replied, ‘No, it is less than a mile.’ He then asked, ‘Do you perform all Salah (prayers) there?’ I replied, ‘No, I do not perform all Salah (prayers) there.’ He then said, ‘If I were near
دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَسَأَلَنَا أَ فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ عَمِّي زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ أَنَا عِنْدِي عِلْمٌ مِنْ عِلْمِ عَمِّكَ كُنَّا عِنْدَهُ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فِي دَارِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ إِذْ قَالَ انْطَلِقُوا بِنَا نُصَلِّي فِي مَسْجِدِ السَّهْلَةِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ فَعَلَ فَقَالَ لَا جَاءَهُ أَمْرٌ فَشَغَلَهُ عَنِ الذَّه
“Once, we visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and he asked us, ‘Does anyone of you have anything of the knowledge of my uncle, Zayd ibn Ali?’ A man from the group said, ‘I have something of the knowledge of your uncle. Once, we were in the presence of Imam one night in the house of Mu‘awiyah ibn Ishaq al-Ansariy when he sai
إِنَّ الْإِمَامَ يُعْطِي هَؤُلَاءِ جَمِيعاً لِأَنَّهُمْ يُقِرُّونَ لَهُ بِالطَّاعَةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانُوا لَا يَعْرِفُونَ فَقَالَ يَا زُرَارَةُ لَوْ كَانَ يُعْطِي مَنْ يَعْرِفُ دُونَ مَنْ لَا يَعْرِفُ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهَا مَوْضِعٌ وَ إِنَّمَا يُعْطِي مَنْ لَا يَعْرِفُ لِيَرْغَبَ فِي الدِّينِ فَيَثْبُتَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَمَّا الْيَوْمَ فَلَا تُعْطِهَا أَنْتَ وَ أَصْحَابُكَ إِلَّا مَنْ يَعْرِفُ فَمَنْ وَجَدْتَ مِنْ هَؤ
“Once we both asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, in the following verse of the Holy Quran. ‘Charity funds (zakat) are only for the poor, the destitute, and the tax collectors. (It is also for the) people whose hearts are inclined (toward Islam), the slaves, those who ca