Purification

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّى الْفَرِيضَةَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ وَ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ السَّجْدَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ مِنَ الرَّكْعَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ أَحْدَثَ فَقَالَ أَمَّا صَلَاتُهُ فَقَدْ مَضَتْ وَ بَقِيَ التَّشَهُّدُ وَ إِنَّمَا التَّشَهُّدُ سُنَّةٌ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَلْيَتَوَضَّأْ وَ لْيَعُدْ إِلَى مَجْلِسِهِ أَوْ مَكَانٍ نَظِيفٍ فَيَتَشَهَّدْ.[1]

“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs obligatory Salah (prayer) but when he raises his head from the second Sajdah (prostration) of the fourth Rak’at his Wudu’ becomes invalid. He (the Imam) said, ’His Salah (prayer) is ended; what remains is Tashahhud (testimonies of belief). Tashahhud (testimo

يَنْصَرِفُ فَيَتَوَضَّأُ فَإِنْ شَاءَ رَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ فَفِي بَيْتِهِ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ حَيْثُ شَاءَ يَقْعُدُ فَيَتَشَهَّدُ ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْحَدَثُ بَعْدَ التَّشَهُّدِ فَقَدْ مَضَتْ صَلَاتُهُ.

“Wudu’ of a man may become invalid after he raises his head from the last Sajdah (prostration) before Tashahhud (testimonies of belief). Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ’He moves to take Wudu’ and if he wants to return to Masjid or if he wants in his house, sits down to say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and the phrase

سَأَلْتُهُ‌[1] عَنِ الضَّحِكِ هَلْ يَقْطَعُ الصَّلَاةَ قَالَ أَمَّا التَّبَسُّمُ فَلَا يَقْطَعُ الصَّلَاةَ وَ أَمَّا الْقَهْقَهَةُ فَهِيَ تَقْطَعُ الصَّلَاةَ. وَ رَوَاهُ‌- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ.

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about laughing if it destroys Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘Smiling does not destroy Salah (prayer) but laughing loudly destroys it.’” It (the above Hadith) also is narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah.”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُهُ الرُّعَافُ وَ هُوَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ إِنْ قَدَرَ عَلَى مَاءٍ عِنْدَهُ يَمِيناً أَوْ شِمَالًا أَوْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ هُوَ مُسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ فَلْيَغْسِلْهُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ لْيُصَلِّ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى مَاءٍ حَتَّى يَنْصَرِفَ بِوَجْهِهِ أَوْ يَتَكَلَّمَ فَقَدْ قَطَعَ صَلَاتَهُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who experiences nostril bleeding in Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is possible for him to reach on his right, left or forward when still facing al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah), he washes it clean, then completes the remaining of his Salah (prayer). If he cannot find wa

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُهُ الْغَمْزُ فِي بَطْنِهِ وَ هُوَ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَصْبِرَ عَلَيْهِ أَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ أَوْ لَا يُصَلِّي قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنِ احْتَمَلَ الصَّبْرَ وَ لَمْ يَخَفْ إِعْجَالًا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فَلْيُصَلِّ وَ لْيَصْبِرْ.

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who feels something in his abdomen and he is able to bear it. Can he perform Salah (prayer) in that condition or not? He (the Imam) said, ‘If he can remain patient without fear of hastening his Salah (prayer), he completes his Salah (prayer) and exercise patience.’”

أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا يَقُولَانِ‌ لَا يَقْطَعُ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةٌ الْخَلَاءُ وَ الْبَوْلُ وَ الرِّيحُ وَ الصَّوْتُ.

‘Only four things discontinue Salah (prayer): defecation, urination, gas and sound.’”

إِنْ كَانَ يَابِساً فَلْيَرْمِ بِهِ وَ لَا بَأْسَ.

“About a man who during Salah (prayer) touches his nose and finds blood; one of the two Imam, abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘If it is dry he throws it away and it is not harmful.’”

الْقَهْقَهَةُ لَا تَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ وَ تَنْقُضُ الصَّلَاةَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Laughing does not invalidate Wudu’ but it invalidates Salah (prayer).”’

يُومِئُ بِرَأْسِهِ وَ يُشِيرُ بِيَدِهِ وَ يُسَبِّحُ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ إِذَا أَرَادَتِ الْحَاجَةَ وَ هِيَ تُصَلِّي تُصَفِّقُ بِيَدِهَا[1].

7. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about one who, while in Salah (prayer), needs something. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can make a gesture with his head and with his hand or s

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص سَمِعَ خَلْفَهُ فَرْقَعَةً[2] فَرْقَعَ رَجُلٌ أَصَابِعَهُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص أَمَا إِنَّهُ حَظُّهُ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Holy prophet once heard behind him a click like one’s cracking his finger in his Salah (prayer). After ending his Salah (prayer) the Holy prophet, said, ‘That is his share from his Salah (prayer).”’

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَأْخُذُهُ الرُّعَافُ وَ الْقَيْ‌ءُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ يَنْفَتِلُ فَيَغْسِلُ أَنْفَهُ وَ يَعُودُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَإِنْ تَكَلَّمَ فَلْيُعِدْ صَلَاتَهُ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ وُضُوءٌ.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who experiences nose bleeding and vomiting while in Salah (prayer). What is he to do? He (the Imam) said, ‘He turns to wash his nose and comes back to his Salah (prayer). If he has spoken, he must perform his Salah (prayer) again, but he does not need Wudu’.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ أَ يَقْطَعُ صَلَاتَهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ مِمَّا يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَا يَقْطَعُ صَلَاةَ الْمُسْلِمِ شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ لَكِنِ ادْرَأْ[5] مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَعَفَ فَلَمْ يَرْقَ‌[6] رُعَافُهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ يَحْشُو أَنْفَهُ بِشَيْ‌ءٍ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي وَ لَا يُطِيلُ إِنْ خَشِيَ أَنْ يَسْبِقَهُ الدَّمُ قَالَ وَ قَالَ إِذَا الْتَفَتَّ فِي صَلَاةٍ مَكْت

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man whose Salah (prayer) is discontinued because of something passing in front of him. He (the Imam) said, ‘Salah (prayer) of a Muslim does not become discontinued by anything; however, protect as much as you can.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘I then asked him (the Imam) abo

أَنَّ عَلِيّاً ص كَانَ يَقُولُ‌ لَا يَقْطَعُ الصَّلَاةَ الرُّعَافُ وَ لَا الْقَيْ‌ءُ وَ لَا الدَّمُ فَمَنْ وَجَدَ أَزّاً[1] فَلْيَأْخُذْ بِيَدِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ مِنَ الصَّفِّ فَلْيُقَدِّمْهُ يَعْنِي إِذَا كَانَ إِمَاماً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Ali (a.s.), would say, ‘Nose bleeding does not discontinue Salah (prayer) nor vomiting, or blood. If one feels a pinch he can hold another man’s hand of the people in the rows to come forward, if he is an Imam, to lead.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَلْتَفِتُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ لَا وَ لَا يَنْقُضُ أَصَابِعَهُ.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), if a man in Salah (prayer) can turn around. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, and he must not crack his fingers also.’”

فِي الرَّجُلِ يَقْتُلُ الْبَقَّةَ وَ الْبُرْغُوثَ وَ الْقَمْلَةَ وَ الذُّبَابَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَ يَنْقُضُ صَلَاتَهُ وَ وُضُوءَهُ قَالَ لَا.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who kills, a bug, flea, lice or a fly while in Salah (prayer), does it invalidate his Salah (prayer) and Wudu’? He (the Imam) said, ’No, it does not do so.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ بَنَى مَسْجِداً بَنَى اللَّهُ لَهُ بَيْتاً فِي الْجَنَّةِ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ فَمَرَّ بِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ وَ قَدْ سَوَّيْتُ بِأَحْجَارٍ مَسْجِداً فَقُلْتُ لَهُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ نَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ.

“I heard abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘If one builds a Masjid, Allah builds for him a house in paradise.’ Abu ‘Ubaydah has said, ‘Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once passed by on the way to Makkah and I had built a Masjid with stones and asked him, “I pray to Allah to keep my souls in the service of your cause , I hope this wil

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الْمَسْجِدِ يَكُونُ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَيُرِيدُ أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ أَنْ يَتَوَسَّعُوا بِطَائِفَةٍ مِنْهُ أَوْ يُحَوِّلُوهُ إِلَى غَيْرِ مَكَانِهِ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَكَانِ يَكُونُ خَبِيثاً ثُمَّ يُنَظَّفُ وَ يُجْعَلُ مَسْجِداً قَالَ يُطْرَحُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ التُّرَابِ حَتَّى يُوَارِيَهُ فَهُوَ أَطْهَرُ.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a Masjid which is in a house and the people of the house want to expand it to a certain extent or relocate it in another place. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’ He (the narrator) has said that he then asked him (the Imam) about a place which is filthy, then it

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْبِيَعِ وَ الْكَنَائِسِ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ نَقْضُهُمَا لِبِنَاءِ الْمَسَاجِدِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about al-Biya‘ and churches if they can be changed into Masjid. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is possible.’”

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْمَسَاجِدِ الْمُظَلَّلَةِ أَ يُكْرَهُ الصَّلَاةُ فِيهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ لَكِنْ لَا يَضُرُّكُمُ الْيَوْمَ وَ لَوْ قَدْ كَانَ الْعَدْلُ لَرَأَيْتُمْ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ فِي ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ أَ يُعَلِّقُ الرَّجُلُ السِّلَاحَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ أَمَّا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْأَكْبَرِ فَلَا فَإِنَّ جَدِّي‌ نَهَى رَجُلًا يَبْرِي مِشْقَصاً فِي الْمَسْجِدِ[1].

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once was asked about Masjid, which is made to also provide shadow, if performing Salah (prayer) therein is undesirable. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is as such but today it is not harmful for you. Had there been justice you would see how it is dealt with.’ He (the narrator) has said that he then

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَنْ سَمِعْتُمُوهُ يُنْشِدُ الشِّعْرَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ فَقُولُوا فَضَّ اللَّهُ‌[2] فَاكَ إِنَّمَا نُصِبَتِ الْمَسَاجِدُ لِلْقُرْآنِ.

‘If you hear someone reciting poems in Masjid say to him, “May Allah tear your mouth, Masjid is built only for al-Quran (to read).””’

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ الْمُصَوَّرَةِ فَقَالَ أَكْرَهُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ لَا يَضُرُّكُمْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ وَ لَوْ قَدْ قَامَ الْعَدْلُ رَأَيْتُمْ كَيْفَ يُصْنَعُ فِي ذَلِكَ.

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), if it is permissible to perform Salah (prayer) in a Masjid with pictures. He (the Imam) said, ‘I dislike it, however, today it is not harmful to you. Had justice been established you would see how it is dealt with.’”

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ رَطَانَةِ الْأَعَاجِمِ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, “The Messenger of Allah has prohibited speaking jargon language in Masjid (expressions understood by two people or a group only).’”

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص عَنْ سَلِّ السَّيْفِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَ عَنْ بَرْيِ النَّبْلِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ إِنَّمَا بُنِيَ لِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ.

‘The Messenger of Allah prohibited unsheathing of swords and trimming arrows in the Masjid saying, “Masjid is built for something other than such things.’””

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْوُضُوءِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَكَرِهَهُ مِنَ الْغَائِطِ وَ الْبَوْلِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about taking Wudu’ in Masjid and he disliked it because of defecation and urination.”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ النَّوْمِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَ مَسْجِدِ النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَيْنَ يَنَامُ النَّاسُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about sleeping in Masjid al-Haram and Masjid of the Holy prophet. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, they can do so, where else can people sleep?”’

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع مَا تَقُولُ فِي النَّوْمِ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِلَّا فِي الْمَسْجِدَيْنِ- مَسْجِدِ النَّبِيِّ ص وَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ قَالَ وَ كَانَ يَأْخُذُ بِيَدِي فِي بَعْضِ اللَّيْلِ فَيَنْتَحِي نَاحِيَةً ثُمَّ يَجْلِسُ فَيَتَحَدَّثُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ فَرُبَّمَا نَامَ وَ نِمْتُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا يُكْرَهُ أَنْ يَنَامَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ال

“I once asked abu Ja‘far, Alayhi al-Salam, about sleeping in Masjid. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not an offense, except two Masjids: Masjid of the Holy prophet and Masjid al-Haram.’ He (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) would in certain parts of the night hold my hand and move to one side where he would sit and

قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَيُرِيدُ أَنْ يَبْزُقَ فَقَالَ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِي غَيْرِ صَلَاةٍ فَلَا يَبْزُقُ حِذَاءَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ يَبْزُقُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ يَسَارِهِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is in Masjid in Salah (prayer) and wants to spit away. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can do it toward his left and if he is not in Salah (prayer); he must not do so in front of al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) but do so toward his left or right sides.’”

رَأَيْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِيَ ع يَتْفُلُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الرُّكْنِ الْيَمَانِيِّ وَ الْحَجَرِ الْأَسْوَدِ وَ لَمْ يَدْفِنْهُ.

“I once saw abu Ja‘far, al-Thaniy, Alayhi al-Salam, emit saliva in Masjid al-Haram between al- Yemaniy corner and the Blackstone and did not bury it.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع إِنِّي لَأَكْرَهُ الصَّلَاةَ فِي مَسَاجِدِهِمْ فَقَالَ لَا تَكْرَهْ فَمَا مِنْ مَسْجِدٍ بُنِيَ إِلَّا عَلَى قَبْرِ نَبِيٍّ أَوْ وَصِيِّ نَبِيٍّ قُتِلَ فَأَصَابَ تِلْكَ الْبُقْعَةَ رَشَّةٌ مِنْ دَمِهِ فَأَحَبَّ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُذْكَرَ فِيهَا فَأَدِّ فِيهَا الْفَرِيضَةَ وَ النَّوَافِلَ وَ اقْضِ فِيهَا مَا فَاتَكَ.

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I dislike performing Salah (prayer) in their Masjid.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You must not dislike it; every Masjid is built on the grave of a prophet or the executor of the will of a prophet who was murdered and that site received a sprinkle of his blood and Allah loved t

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ‌ لا تَقْرَبُوا الصَّلاةَ وَ أَنْتُمْ سُكارى‌[1] فَقَالَ سُكْرُ النَّوْمِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘You must not go near Salah (prayer) while you are drunk.’ (4:46) He (the Imam) said, ‘It is a reference to sleep.’”

لَيْسَ يُرَخَّصُ فِي النَّوْمِ فِي شَيْ‌ءٍ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Nothing of sleep is permissible in Salah (prayer).”’ (Ahadith 2-16 are best explained in the form of fatwa.)

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص‌ لَا يَؤُمُّ الْمُقَيَّدُ الْمُطْلَقِينَ وَ لَا يَؤُمُّ صَاحِبُ الْفَالِجِ الْأَصِحَّاءَ وَ لَا صَاحِبُ التَّيَمُّمِ الْمُتَوَضِّينَ وَ لَا يَؤُمُّ الْأَعْمَى فِي الصَّحْرَاءِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُوَجَّهَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin said, ‘One bonded cannot lead in Salah (prayer) those who are free, one paralyzed cannot lead those in good health, one with Tayammum cannot lead those with Wudu’, a blind cannot lead others in the wilderness unless directed to al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah).’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ أَمَّ قَوْماً وَ هُوَ عَلَى غَيْرِ طُهْرٍ فَأَعْلَمَهُمْ بَعْدَ مَا صَلَّوْا فَقَالَ يُعِيدُ هُوَ وَ لَا يُعِيدُونَ.

“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who leads a people in Salah (prayer) but does not have a valid Wudu’ and informs them after Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘Only he, but not they, must perform again.”’

يُعِيدُ وَ لَا يُعِيدُونَ فَإِنَّهُمْ قَدْ تَحَرَّوْا[2].

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a blind man who leads a people in Salah (prayer) and is not facing al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah). He (the Imam) said, ‘Only he, but not they, performs again; they had made the effort (about al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah)).’”

سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّى بِقَوْمٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى وُضُوءٍ قَالَ يُتِمُّ الْقَوْمُ صَلَاتَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ ضَمَانٌ‌[3].

“I once asked one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who leads a people in Salah (prayer) of two Rak‘at and then informs them that he does not have a valid Wudu’. He (the Imam) said, ‘People must complete their Salah (prayer); there is no responsibility on Imam.’”

فِي قَوْمٍ خَرَجُوا مِنْ خُرَاسَانَ أَوْ بَعْضِ الْجِبَالِ وَ كَانَ يَؤُمُّهُمْ رَجُلٌ فَلَمَّا صَارُوا إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ عَلِمُوا أَنَّهُ يَهُودِيٌّ قَالَ لَا يُعِيدُونَ.

“About the case of a people who traveled from certain mountainous area of Khurasan and a man would lead them in Salah (prayer), when in al-Kufah they found out that he was a Jew, Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘They are not required to perform their Salah (prayer) again.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُدْرِكُ الرَّكْعَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ وَ هِيَ لَهُ الْأُولَى كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ إِذَا جَلَسَ الْإِمَامُ قَالَ يَتَجَافَى‌[1] وَ لَا يَتَمَكَّنُ مِنَ الْقُعُودِ فَإِذَا كَانَتِ الثَّالِثَةُ لِلْإِمَامِ وَ هِيَ لَهُ الثَّانِيَةُ فَلْيَلْبَثْ قَلِيلًا إِذَا قَامَ الْإِمَامُ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَتَشَهَّدُ ثُمَّ يَلْحَقُ بِالْإِمَامِ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَن

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who joins the congregation in the second Rak‘at which is the first for him. What is he to do when the Imam sits down? He (the Imam) said, ‘He displays readiness to stand up (by raising his knees from the ground and placing his palms on the ground), does not allow himself

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ إِذَا لَمْ تُدْرِكْ تَكْبِيرَةَ الرُّكُوعِ فَلَا تَدْخُلْ فِي تِلْكَ الرَّكْعَةِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If you cannot join in Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) for Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) do not enter (congregational Salah (prayer)) in that Rak‘at.’”

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَسْبِقُنِي الْإِمَامُ بِالرَّكْعَةِ فَتَكُونُ لِي وَاحِدَةٌ وَ لَهُ ثِنْتَانِ فَأَتَشَهَّدُ كُلَّمَا قَعَدْتُ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَإِنَّمَا التَّشَهُّدُ بَرَكَةٌ.

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, the Imam is one Rak‘at ahead of me which is the first for me and the second for him. Do I say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) when I sit down? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) is but a blessing

إِذَا سَبَقَكَ الْإِمَامُ بِرَكْعَةٍ فَأَدْرَكْتَ الْقِرَاءَةَ الْأَخِيرَةَ قَرَأْتَ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ وَ هِيَ ثِنْتَانِ لَكَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُدْرِكْ‌ مَعَهُ إِلَّا رَكْعَةً وَاحِدَةً قَرَأْتَ فِيهَا وَ فِي الَّتِي تَلِيهَا وَ إِنْ سَبَقَكَ بِرَكْعَةٍ جَلَسْتَ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ لَكَ وَ الثَّالِثَةِ لَهُ حَتَّى تَعْتَدِلَ الصُّفُوفُ قِيَاماً قَالَ وَ قَالَ إِذَا وَجَدْتَ الْإِمَامَ سَاجِداً فَاثْبُتْ مَكَان

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If the Imam is one Rak‘at ahead and you join in the last recitation, recite in the third Rak‘at for him which is the second for you. You must do so even if you cannot join him for more than one Rak‘at in which you recited as well as in the one that follows. If he is one Rak‘at ahead o

إِذَا أَدْرَكْتَ الْإِمَامَ قَدْ رَكَعَ فَكَبَّرْتَ وَ رَكَعْتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَدْ أَدْرَكْتَ الرَّكْعَةَ فَإِنْ رَفَعَ الْإِمَامُ رَأْسَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَرْكَعَ فَقَدْ فَاتَتْكَ الرَّكْعَةُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If you join the Imam for one Rak‘at, say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description). You must perform Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) before he raises his head (from Ruku‘). You have joined for one Rak‘at but if he raises his head before you are in Ruku‘, you have missed one Rak‘at

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ فِي الرَّجُلِ إِذَا أَدْرَكَ الْإِمَامَ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ فَكَبَّرَ وَ هُوَ مُقِيمٌ صُلْبَهُ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْفَعَ الْإِمَامُ رَأْسَهُ فَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man finds the Imam in Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees), says Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) while his back is straight and performs Ruku‘ before the Imam raises his head, has joined for one Rak‘at.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَأْتِي الْمَسْجِدَ وَ هُمْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَ قَدْ سَبَقَهُ الْإِمَامُ بِرَكْعَةٍ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ فَيَعْتَلُّ الْإِمَامُ فَيَأْخُذُ بِيَدِهِ فَيَكُونُ أَدْنَى الْقَوْمِ إِلَيْهِ فَيُقَدِّمُهُ‌[1] فَقَالَ يُتِمُّ صَلَاةَ الْقَوْمِ ثُمَّ يَجْلِسُ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغُوا مِنَ التَّشَهُّدِ أَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِيَدِهِ‌[2] عَنِ الْيَمِينِ وَ الشِّمَالِ فَكَانَ الَّذِي أَوْمَأَ إِ

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who comes to Masjid when they are in Salah (prayer) and the Imam is one Rak‘at ahead or more. The Imam faces a problem and holds his hand when he is the closest to him and makes him to lead. He (the Imam) said, ‘He completes Salah (prayer) of the people, then sits down u

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع رَجُلٌ دَخَلَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ وَ هُوَ لَا يَنْوِيهَا صَلَاةً فَأَحْدَثَ إِمَامُهُمْ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ فَقَدَّمَهُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ أَ يُجْزِئُهُمْ صَلَاتُهُمْ بِصَلَاتِهِ وَ هُوَ لَا يَنْوِيهَا صَلَاةً فَقَالَ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ وَ هُوَ لَا يَنْوِيهَا صَلَاةً بَلْ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَنْوِيَهَا صَلَاةً فَإِنْ كَانَ قَ

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who comes to a people during their Salah (prayer) and he is not intending it to be Salah (prayer). Their Imam faces invalidation of his Wudu’ and holds the hand of this man and makes him to lead. He performs Salah (prayer) with them. Is his Salah (prayer) sufficient to compl

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَمَّ قَوْماً فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَالَ يُقَدِّمُونَ رَجُلًا آخَرَ وَ يَعْتَدُّونَ بِالرَّكْعَةِ وَ يَطْرَحُونَ الْمَيِّتَ خَلْفَهُمْ وَ يَغْتَسِلُ مَنْ مَسَّهُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who leads Salah (prayer) with a people and performs one Rak‘at; then he dies. He (the Imam) said, ‘They make another man to lead and count it as one Rak‘at, leave the dead body behind them and then take Ghusl (bath) for touching a dead body.’”

قَالَ: أَيَّ شَيْ‌ءٍ يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَفُوتُهُ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ رَكْعَتَانِ قُلْتُ يَقُولُونَ يَقْرَأُ فِيهِمَا[2] بِالْحَمْدِ وَ سُورَةٍ فَقَالَ هَذَا يُقَلِّبُ صَلَاتَهُ يَجْعَلُ أَوَّلَهَا آخِرَهَا قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ يَقْرَأُ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ.

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), once asked, ‘What do they say about a man who has missed two Rak‘at of the Imam’s Salah (prayer)?’ I replied, ‘They say that he is to recite al-Hamd and Surah (chapter) in them.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He turns his Salah (prayer) backward by making its first the last.’ I then asked, ‘How is he to do i

قُلْتُ أَجِي‌ءُ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ وَ قَدْ سَبَقَنِي بِرَكْعَةٍ فِي الْفَجْرِ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ وَقَعَ فِي قَلْبِي أَنِّي أَتْمَمْتُ فَلَمْ أَزَلْ ذَاكِراً لِلَّهِ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَلَمَّا طَلَعَتْ نَهَضْتُ فَذَكَرْتُ أَنَّ الْإِمَامَ كَانَ سَبَقَنِي بِرَكْعَةٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ فِي مَقَامِكَ فَأَتِمَّ بِرَكْعَةٍ وَ إِنْ كُنْتَ قَدِ انْصَرَفْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ الْإِعَادَةُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I come to the Imam when he is one Rak‘at ahead of me in the morning Salah (prayer). When he says Sal am (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) I, thinking to have completed, remain speaking of Allah until sunrise. At sunrise I stood up and remembered that the Imam was one Rak‘a

سَأَلْتُهُ‌[1] عَنِ الرَّجُلِ صَلَّى مَعَ قَوْمٍ وَ هُوَ يَرَى أَنَّهَا الْأُولَى وَ كَانَتِ الْعَصْرَ قَالَ فَلْيَجْعَلْهَا الْأُولَى وَ لْيُصَلِّ الْعَصْرَ[2]. - وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ فَإِنْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُمْ فِي صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ صَلَّى الْأُولَى فَلَا يَدْخُلْ مَعَهُمْ‌

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about a man who performs Salah (prayer) with a people and he thinks it is the first (al-Dhuhr) but it is al-‘Asr. He (the Imam) said, ‘He considers it the first and perform al-‘Asr.’” In another Hadith it is said, ‘If he knows that it is al-‘Asr and has not performed the one before,

سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا ص عَنْ إِمَامٍ أَمَّ قَوْماً فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى وُضُوءٍ فَانْصَرَفَ وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ رَجُلٍ وَ أَدْخَلَهُ فَقَدَّمَهُ وَ لَمْ يَعْلَمِ الَّذِي قُدِّمَ مَا صَلَّى الْقَوْمُ قَالَ يُصَلِّي بِهِمْ فَإِنْ أَخْطَأَ سَبَّحَ الْقَوْمُ بِهِ وَ بَنَى عَلَى صَلَاةِ الَّذِي كَانَ قَبْلَهُ.

“I once asked one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of an Imam who leads a people and remembers that his Wudu’ is not valid. He moves away and holds the hand of another man to make him lead and he does not know how much is performed. He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs Salah (prayer) with them and if he m

سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الَّذِي يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ قَبْلَ الْإِمَامِ‌[4] أَ يَعُودُ فَيَرْكَعُ إِذَا أَبْطَأَ الْإِمَامُ أَنْ يَرْفَعَ رَأْسَهُ قَالَ لَا.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about one who raises his head before the Imam. Is he to return to Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) if the Imam delays, or raise his head?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he must not raise his head.’”