Purification

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع إِنَّا كُنَّا فِي الْبَيْدَاءِ فِي آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ فَتَوَضَّأْتُ وَ اسْتَكْتُ وَ أَنَا أَهُمُّ بِالصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ كَأَنَّهُ دَخَلَ قَلْبِي شَيْ‌ءٌ فَهَلْ يُصَلَّى فِي الْبَيْدَاءِ فِي الْمَحْمِلِ فَقَالَ لَا تُصَلِّ فِي الْبَيْدَاءِ قُلْتُ وَ أَيْنَ حَدُّ الْبَيْدَاءِ فَقَالَ كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِذَا بَلَغَ ذَاتَ الْجَيْشِ‌[3] جَدَّ فِي السَّيْرِ ثُمَّ لَا يُصَلِّي حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ مُعَر

“I once said to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), ‘We were in al-Bayda’ (name of a place) toward the end of the night. I took Wudu’, brushed my teeth and I intended to perform Salah (prayer), then it occurred to me. Is it permissible to perform Salah (prayer), in al-Bayda’ in the carriage? He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not perform Salah

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ فِي السَّفَرِ وَ مَعَهُ السِّكِّينُ فِي خُفِّهِ لَا يَسْتَغْنِي عَنْهَا أَوْ فِي سَرَاوِيلِهِ مَشْدُوداً وَ الْمِفْتَاحُ يَخَافُ عَلَيْهِ الضَّيْعَةَ أَوْ فِي وَسَطِهِ الْمِنْطَقَةُ فِيهَا حَدِيدٌ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِالسِّكِّينِ وَ الْمِنْطَقَةِ لِلْمُسَافِرِ فِي وَقْتِ ضَرُورَةٍ وَ كَذَلِكَ الْمِفْتَاحُ يَخَافُ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ فِي النِّسْيَانِ وَ لَا بَأْسَ بِالسَّيْفِ وَ كَذَلِكَ آلَة

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who on a journey has a knife in his slipper without which he cannot do anything or it is in his pant, and a key which he is afraid of losing it, or that around his midsection is a belt in which there is iron. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not an offense to have a knife, or

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّى فِي ثَوْبِ رَجُلٍ أَيَّاماً ثُمَّ إِنَّ صَاحِبَ الثَّوْبِ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ لَا يُصَلَّى فِيهِ قَالَ لَا يُعِيدُ شَيْئاً مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs Salah (prayer) wearing another man’s clothes for many days, then the owner of clothes inform him that he does not wear them for Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘He does not need to perform any of his Salah (prayer) again.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي وَ فِي ثَوْبِهِ عَذِرَةٌ مِنْ إِنْسَانٍ أَوْ سِنَّوْرٍ أَوْ كَلْبٍ أَ يُعِيدُ صَلَاتَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ فَلَا يُعِيدُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs Salah (prayer) and there is feces of human being, cat or dog in his clothes, ‘Must he perform his Salah (prayer) again?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He is not required to perform his Salah (prayer) again, if he did not know about it.’”

لَا تُعَادُ الصَّلَاةُ مِنْ دَمٍ لَمْ تُبْصِرْهُ غَيْرَ دَمِ الْحَيْضِ‌[1] فَإِنَّ قَلِيلَهُ وَ كَثِيرَهُ فِي الثَّوْبِ إِنْ رَآهُ أَوْ لَمْ يَرَهُ سَوَاءٌ.

“Abu Ja‘far, or abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You are not required to perform your Salah (prayer) again, because of blood that you did not see except that which is from Hayd (menses), a small amount or otherwise, you see it or not are all the same.’”

إِذَا أَصَابَ ثَوْبَكَ خَمْرٌ أَوْ نَبِيذٌ مُسْكِرٌ فَاغْسِلْهُ إِنْ عَرَفْتَ مَوْضِعَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَعْرِفْ مَوْضِعَهُ فَاغْسِلْهُ كُلَّهُ وَ إِنْ صَلَّيْتَ فِيهِ فَأَعِدْ صَلَاتَكَ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If your clothes come in contact with wine or intoxicating al-Nabidh (a kind of wine), you must wash it, if you know the area but if you do not know the area then wash all of that cloth and if you have performed Salah (prayer) with it perform it again.’”

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ ص أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الثَّوْبِ يُصِيبُهُ الْخَمْرُ وَ لَحْمُ الْخِنْزِيرِ أَ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ أَمْ لَا فَإِنَّ أَصْحَابَنَا قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ صَلِّ فِيهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَا تُصَلِّ فِيهِ‌[3] فَكَتَبَ ع لَا تُصَلِّ فِيهِ فَإِنَّهُ رِجْسٌ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الَّذِي يُعِيرُ ثَوْبَهُ لِمَنْ يَعْلَمُ أَنّ

“I once wrote to the man (a.s.), asking him about clothes which come in contact with wine and flesh of pig, if I can perform Salah (prayer) wearing such cloth or not. Our people have differences on the issue. Certain ones say, ‘You can perform Salah (prayer) with it because only drinking is unlawful.’ Certain others sa

عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَبْتَدِئَ الصَّلَاةَ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّى وَ فِي ثَوْبِهِ جَنَابَةٌ أَوْ دَمٌ حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ ثُمَّ عَلِمَ قَالَ قَدْ مَضَتْ صَلَاتُهُ وَ لَا شَيْ‌ءَ عَلَيْهِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs two Rak‘at Salah (prayer) wearing clothes in which one has experienced sexual relation, then he comes to know it. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform it from the beginning.’ He (the narrator) has said that he then asked him (the Imam) about one wh

قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَصَابَتْهُ جَنَابَةٌ بِاللَّيْلِ فَاغْتَسَلَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ نَظَرَ فَإِذَا فِي ثَوْبِهِ جَنَابَةٌ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَدَعْ شَيْئاً إِلَّا وَ لَهُ حَدٌّ إِنْ كَانَ حِينَ قَامَ نَظَرَ فَلَمْ يَرَ شَيْئاً فَلَا إِعَادَةَ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ حِينَ قَامَ لَمْ يَنْظُرْ فَعَلَيْهِ الْإِعَادَةُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who experiences sexual relation during the night and takes Ghusl (bath). In the morning finds semen in his clothes. He (the Imam) said, ‘All praise belongs to Allah who has not left anything without a limit. If he gets up in the morning and looks but does not find anythi

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَرَى فِي ثَوْبِ أَخِيهِ دَماً وَ هُوَ يُصَلِّي قَالَ لَا يُؤْذِنُهُ حَتَّى يَنْصَرِفَ.

I once asked one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who finds blood in clothes of his brother while he is performing Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘He is not required to inform him until he completes his Salah (prayer) again.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَصَابَ ثَوْبَهُ جَنَابَةٌ أَوْ دَمٌ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ أَصَابَ ثَوْبَهُ جَنَابَةٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى فِيهِ وَ لَمْ يَغْسِلْهُ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُعِيدَ مَا صَلَّى وَ إِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِهِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ إِعَادَةٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ يَرَى أَنَّهُ أَصَابَهُ شَيْ‌ءٌ فَنَظَرَ فَلَمْ يَرَ شَيْئاً أَجْزَأَهُ أَنْ يَنْضِحَهُ بِالْمَاءِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who finds semen or blood in his clothes. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he learns before performing Salah (prayer) that there is semen in his clothes, then performs Salah (prayer) in it without washing; he is required to perform his Salah (prayer) again, but if he did not know,

بَعَثْتُ بِمَسْأَلَةٍ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَعَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ قُلْتُ سَلْهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَبُولُ فَيُصِيبُ فَخِذَهُ قَدْرُ نُكْتَةٍ مِنْ بَوْلِهِ فَيُصَلِّي وَ يَذْكُرُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَغْسِلْهَا قَالَ يَغْسِلُهَا وَ يُعِيدُ صَلَاتَهُ.

“I once sent a question to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), through Ibrahim ibn Maymun and told him to ask him (the Imam) about the case of a drop of urine found on one’s thigh but one performs Salah (prayer) and then remembers that he has not washed it. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) again.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي وَ فِي ثَوْبِهِ عَذِرَةٌ مِنْ إِنْسَانٍ أَوْ سِنَّوْرٍ أَوْ كَلْبٍ أَ يُعِيدُ صَلَاتَهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ فَلَا يُعِيدُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs Salah (prayer) with clothes in which there is feces of human beings or cat or dog, if he is required to perform his Salah (prayer) again. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he did not know he is not required to perform his Salah (prayer) again.’”

اغْسِلْ ثَوْبَكَ مِنْ بَوْلِ كُلِّ مَا لَا يُؤْكَلُ لَحْمُهُ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Wash your clothes clean because of urine of all inedible animals.’”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ‌ يَتَقَيَّأُ فِي ثَوْبِهِ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ فِيهِ وَ لَا يَغْسِلَهُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ.

“I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who vomits in his clothes, if he can perform Salah (prayer) in them without washing. He (the Imam) said, ’It is not an offense to do so.’”

قَرَأْتُ فِي كِتَابِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ رَوَى زُرَارَةُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ص فِي الْخَمْرِ يُصِيبُ ثَوْبَ الرَّجُلِ أَنَّهُمَا قَالا لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُصَلَّى فِيهِ إِنَّمَا حُرِّمَ شُرْبُهَا وَ رَوَى غَيْرُ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِذَا أَصَابَ ثَوْبَكَ خَمْرٌ أَوْ نَبِيذٌ يَعْنِي الْمُسْكِرَ فَاغْسِلْهُ إِنْ عَ

“I read in the letter of ’Abd Allah ibn Muhammad to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), in which he has said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause. Zurarah has narrated for abu Ja’far, and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about wine which pollutes one’s clothes that the two Imam had said, “It is not an offens

كُنْتُ مَعَ يُونُسَ بِبَغْدَادَ وَ أَنَا أَمْشِي مَعَهُ فِي السُّوقِ فَفَتَحَ صَاحِبُ الْفُقَّاعِ فُقَّاعَهُ فَقَفَزَ[1] فَأَصَابَ ثَوْبَ يُونُسَ فَرَأَيْتُهُ قَدِ اغْتَمَّ بِذَلِكَ حَتَّى زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ أَ لَا تُصَلِّي قَالَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ حَتَّى أَرْجِعَ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ وَ أَغْسِلَ هَذَا الْخَمْرَ مِنْ ثَوْبِي فَقُلْتُ لَهُ هَذَا رَأْيٌ رَأَيْتَهُ أَوْ شَي

Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from certain persons of our people from abu Jamil al-Basriy who have said the following: “Yunus and I were in Baghdad. I walked with him in the market. An owner of beer opened the container of his beer and drops from it came in contact with clothes of Yunus and I saw him depressed until

كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الرِّضَا ع أَنِّي أَعْمَلُ أَغْمَادَ السُّيُوفِ مِنْ جُلُودِ الْحُمُرِ الْمَيْتَةِ فَيُصِيبُ ثِيَابِي فَأُصَلِّي فِيهَا فَكَتَبَ ع إِلَيَّ اتَّخِذْ ثَوْباً لِصَلَاتِكَ فَكَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي ع كُنْتُ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِيكَ ع بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا فَصَعَّبَ عَلَيَّ ذَلِكَ فَصِرْتُ أَعْمَلُهَا مِنْ جُلُودِ الْحُمُرِ الْوَحْشِيَّةِ الذَّكِيَّةِ فَكَتَبَ ع إِلَيَّ كُلُ‌[1] أَعْمَالِ الْبِرِّ

“I once wrote to al-Rida’ (a.s.), saying, ‘I make sword sheathing of leather from dead donkeys. My clothes come in contact with it and I perform Salah (prayer) with them. He (the Imam) (a.s.), wrote to me, ‘Find other clothes for your Salah (prayer).’ I then wrote to abu Ja’far, the second (a.s.), saying, ‘I would writ

الْغُسْلُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ عَلَى الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ فِي الْحَضَرِ وَ عَلَى الرِّجَالِ فِي السَّفَرِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Both men and women should take a shower on Friday when at home. On the journey men should take a shower on Friday.’”

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ لَا تَدَعِ الْغُسْلَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنَّهُ سُنَّةٌ وَ شَمَّ الطِّيبَ وَ الْبَسْ صَالِحَ ثِيَابِكَ وَ لْيَكُنْ فَرَاغُكَ مِنَ الْغُسْلِ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ فَإِذَا زَالَتْ فَقُمْ وَ عَلَيْكَ السَّكِينَةَ وَ الْوَقَارَ وَ قَالَ الْغُسْلُ وَاجِبٌ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You must not ignore Ghusl (bath) on Friday; it is a sunnah. You should use perfumes, dress up in you proper dress and you should complete your Ghusl (bat

أَخْذُ الشَّارِبِ وَ الْأَظْفَارِ وَ غَسْلُ الرَّأْسِ بِالْخِطْمِيِّ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ يَنْفِي الْفَقْرَ وَ يَزِيدُ فِي الرِّزْقِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Trimming one’s mustache, fingernails and applying al- Khatmi (officinal or marshmallow) to one’s head on Friday removes one’s poverty and increases one’s sustenance.’”

مَنْ أَخَذَ مِنْ شَارِبِهِ وَ قَلَّمَ مِنْ أَظْفَارِهِ وَ غَسَلَ رَأْسَهُ بِالْخِطْمِيِّ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ كَانَ كَمَنْ أَعْتَقَ نَسَمَةً.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who trims his mustache and fingernails and washes his head with marshmallow on Friday, he is like one who sets free a human being.’”

قُلْنَا لَهُ أَ يُجْزِئُ إِذَا اغْتَسَلْتُ بَعْدَ الْفَجْرِ لِلْجُمُعَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

“ We once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), if taking Ghusl (bath) after dawn on Friday is sufficient. He (the Imam) replied, ’Yes it is sufficient.’”

لَا بُدَّ مِنْ غُسْلِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي الْحَضَرِ وَ السَّفَرِ فَمَنْ نَسِيَ فَلْيُعِدْ مِنَ الْغَدِ. - وَ رُوِيَ‌ فِيهِ رُخْصَةٌ لِلْعَلِيلِ.

9. Flammad has narrated from Flariz from certain persons of our people who has narrated the following: Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Taking Ghusl (bath) on Friday is necessary, regardless of whether one is at home or on a journey. If one forgets, one must take Ghusl (bath) the next day. In the case of a person sufferin

غَسْلُ الرَّأْسِ بِالْخِطْمِيِّ فِي كُلِّ جُمُعَةٍ أَمَانٌ مِنَ الْبَرَصِ وَ الْجُنُونِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Washing one’s head with marshmallow every Friday is protection against leprosy and insanity.’” (The following chapters are best explained by fatwa.)

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ أَمَرَ بِوَضُوئِهِ وَ سِوَاكِهِ يُوضَعُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ مُخَمَّراً فَيَرْقُدُ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فَيَسْتَاكُ وَ يَتَوَضَّأُ وَ يُصَلِّي أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ ثُمَّ يَرْقُدُ ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فَيَسْتَاكُ وَ يَتَوَضَّأُ وَ يُصَلِّي أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ ثُمَّ يَرْقُدُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ فِي وَجْهِ الصُّبْحِ قَامَ فَأَوْتَرَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, after performing ‘Isha’ al- Akhirah (the late evening Salah (prayer)) would ask that water for his Wudu’ and toothbrush be placed near his pillow under a cover. He then would sleep as long as Allah willed then he would wake up, brush, make Wudu’ and perform fou

قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنِ الْمُوَاقِفُ‌[1] عَلَى وُضُوءٍ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ وَ لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى النُّزُولِ قَالَ يَتَيَمَّمُ مِنْ لِبْدِهِ أَوْ سَرْجِهِ أَوْ مَعْرَفَةِ دَابَّتِهِ‌[2] فَإِنَّ فِيهَا غُبَاراً وَ يُصَلِّي وَ يَجْعَلُ السُّجُودَ أَخْفَضَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ وَ لَا يَدُورُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ وَ لَكِنْ أَيْنَمَا دَارَتْ دَابَّتُهُ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ يَسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةَ بِأَوَّلِ تَكْبِيرَةٍ حِين

6. Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Once, I asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the case of a soldier who does not have Wudu’ and what is he required to do when he is not able to dismount? He (the Imam) said, ‘He can make Tayammum on his pad, saddle or mane of

مَنْ تَطَهَّرَ ثُمَّ أَوَى إِلَى فِرَاشِهِ بَاتَ وَ فِرَاشُهُ كَمَسْجِدِهِ فَإِنْ قَامَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَذَكَرَ اللَّهَ تَنَاثَرَتْ عَنْهُ خَطَايَاهُ فَإِنْ قَامَ مِنْ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ فَتَطَهَّرَ وَ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص لَمْ يَسْأَلِ اللَّهَ شَيْئاً إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ إِمَّا أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ الَّذِي يَسْأَلُهُ بِعَيْنِهِ وَ إِمَّا أَنْ يَدَّخِرَ لَهُ مَا

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one cleanses himself (takes Wudu’ or bath), then goes to bed for the night, his bed is considered a Masjid. If he wakes up during the night and speaks of Allah, his sins scatter away from him. One who may get up toward the end of the night, cleanse himself (take Wudu’ or bath), per

كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ص إِذَا هَمَّ بِأَمْرِ حَجٍّ أَوْ عُمْرَةٍ أَوْ بَيْعٍ أَوْ شِرَاءٍ أَوْ عِتْقٍ تَطَهَّرَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيِ الِاسْتِخَارَةِ فَقَرَأَ فِيهِمَا بِسُورَةِ الْحَشْرِ وَ بِسُورَةِ الرَّحْمَنِ ثُمَّ يَقْرَأُ الْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ وَ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ إِذَا فَرَغَ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي دُبُرِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا خَيْراً لِي فِي دِينِي وَ د

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from ‘Amr ibn Shimr from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Whenever Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would think of performing Hajj, ‘Umrah or buying, selling or setting free a slave, he would first clean

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ص فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي ذُو عِيَالٍ وَ عَلَيَّ دَيْنٌ وَ قَدِ اشْتَدَّتْ حَالِي فَعَلِّمْنِي دُعَاءً إِذَا دَعَوْتُ بِهِ رَزَقَنِيَ اللَّهُ مَا أَقْضِي بِهِ دَيْنِي وَ أَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ عَلَى عِيَالِي فَقَالَ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ تَوَضَّأْ وَ أَسْبِغْ وُضُوءَكَ ثُمَّ صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ تُتِمُّ الرُّكُوعَ وَ السُّجُودَ فِيهِمَا ثُمَّ قُلْ يَا مَاجِدُ يَا وَاحِدُ يَا كَرِيمُ أَتَ

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn abu Dawud from abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that a man came to the Holy Prophet and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, I am a man with (a large) family, indebted; and my condition has become difficul

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع‌ مَنْ جَاعَ فَلْيَتَوَضَّأْ وَ لْيُصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ إِنِّي جَائِعٌ فَأَطْعِمْنِي فَإِنَّهُ يُطْعَمُ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said to me, ‘If one feels hungry he should take Wudu’ and perform two Rak‘at Salah (prayer), then say, “O my Lord, I am hungry. Please feed me.” He will be fed within the same hour.’”

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ فَأَحْسَنَ الْوُضُوءَ وَ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَأَتَمَّ رُكُوعَهُمَا وَ سُجُودَهُمَا ثُمَّ جَلَسَ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص ثُمَّ سَأَلَ اللَّهَ حَاجَتَهُ فَقَدْ طَلَبَ الْخَيْرَ فِي مَظَانِّهِ وَ مَنْ طَلَبَ الْخَيْرَ فِي مَظَانِّهِ لَمْ يَخِبْ.

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah, say this. ‘One, for coming true of his wish, may take a proper Wudu’, perform two Rak‘at Salah (prayer) with complete Ruku‘ and sajdah. He then can sit and praises Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious. He then can say, “Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhamm

إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَمْراً تَسْأَلُهُ رَبَّكَ فَتَوَضَّأْ وَ أَحْسِنِ الْوُضُوءَ ثُمَّ صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ عَظِّمِ اللَّهَ وَ صَلِّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص وَ قُلْ بَعْدَ التَّسْلِيمِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِأَنَّكَ مَلِكٌ وَ أَنَّكَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْ‌ءٍ قَدِيرٌ مُقْتَدِرٌ وَ بِأَنَّكَ مَا تَشَاءُ مِنْ أَمْرٍ يَكُونُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَتَوَجَّهُ إِلَيْكَ بِنَبِيِّكَ مُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيِّ الرَّحْمَةِ ص يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا ر

“Abu la’ far (a.s.), has said that if you want to ask your Lord for something, take Wudu’ properly, perform two Rak‘at Salah (prayer), speak of the greatness of Allah. Say, ‘Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family a compensation worthy of their serving Your cause). 5 After

إِذَا كَانَتْ لَكَ حَاجَةٌ فَتَوَضَّأْ وَ صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ احْمَدِ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنِ عَلَيْهِ وَ اذْكُرْ مِنَ الْآيَةِ ثُمَّ ادْعُ تُجَبْ.

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If you need something, take Wudu’, perform two Rak‘at Salah (prayer) and then praise Allah, speak of His greatness and read of verses (of Quran), then ask for your needs, your prayer will be answered.’”

سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ قَدْ أَسْنَنْتُ وَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً بِكْراً صَغِيرَةً وَ لَمْ أَدْخُلْ بِهَا وَ أَنَا أَخَافُ إِذَا أَدْخُلُ بِهَا عَلَى فِرَاشِي أَنْ تَكْرَهَنِي لِخِضَابِي وَ كِبَرِي فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع إِذَا دَخَلْتَ فَمُرْهُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَصِلَ إِلَيْكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مُتَوَضِّئَةً ثُمَّ أَنْتَ لَا تَصِلُ إِلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَتَوَضَّأَ

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih from abu Basir who has said the following: “I heard a man saying to abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I am an aged man. I have married a virgin young woman. I have

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ الْكَذِبَةُ تَنْقُضُ الْوُضُوءَ وَ تُفَطِّرُ الصَّائِمَ قَالَ قُلْتُ هَلَكْنَا قَالَ لَيْسَ حَيْثُ تَذْهَبُ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ الْكَذِبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَ عَلَى الْأَئِمَّةِ ع.

“I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Speaking lies invalidates Wudu’ and fasting.’ I (the narrator) then said, ‘We are destroyed.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not the way you think it is. It means speaking lies against Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, His Messenger and ’A’immah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُ الْجَارِيَةَ[3] فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ قَالَ يُتِمُّ صَوْمَهُ وَ يَقْضِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَسْتَيْقِظَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ فَإِنِ انْتَظَرَ مَاءً يُسَخَّنُ أَوْ يَسْتَقِي فَطَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فَلَا يَقْضِي يَوْمَهُ.

“I once asked one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who approaches the slave-girl in the month of Ramadan; then goes to sleep without Ghusl (bath). He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to complete that fast and fast its Qada’ (compensatory fast), unless he wakes up before dawn and waits to warm up the wate

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُجْنِبُ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ أَ يَصُومُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ تَطَوُّعاً فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَحْتَلِمُ بِالنَّهَارِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ يُتِمُّ صَوْمَهُ كَمَا هُوَ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who experiences sexual relation (because of which Ghusl (bath) is obligatory); then goes to sleep until the morning, if he can fast that day an optional fast. He (the Imam) said, ‘Up till midday it is up to his choosing.’ I then asked about a man who experiences wet drea

كَتَبَ أَبِي إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ كَانَ يَقْضِي شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَ قَالَ إِنِّي أَصْبَحْتُ بِالْغُسْلِ وَ أَصَابَتْنِي جَنَابَةٌ فَلَمْ أَغْتَسِلْ حَتَّى طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فَأَجَابَهُ ع لَا تَصُمْ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ وَ صُمْ غَداً.

“My father, once, when doing Qada’ (compensatory fast) of the fast of the month of Ramadan, wrote to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and asked, ‘I, up till the morning, had Ghusl (bath); then experienced sexual relation (because of which Ghusl (bath) is obligatory) and I did not do Ghusl (bath) until it was dawn. He (the Imam)

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُجْنِبُ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَنَسِيَ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ بِذَلِكَ جُمْعَةٌ أَوْ يَخْرُجَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءُ الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصَّوْمِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who experiences sexual relation (because of which Ghusl (bath) is obligatory) during the night in the month of Ramadan and forgets Ghusl (bath) for a whole week or the whole month of Ramadan. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to make Qada’ (compensatory fast) Salat (pr

إِنْ كَانَ وُضُوؤُهُ لِصَلَاةِ فَرِيضَةٍ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‌ءٌ وَ إِنْ كَانَ وُضُوؤُهُ لِصَلَاةِ نَافِلَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who takes wudu’ (ablution) and water enters in his throat. He (the Imam) said, ‘If his wudu’ (ablution) is for an obligatory Salat (prayer) there is not anything on him, but if it is for an optional Salat (prayer); he is required to make its Qada’ (compensatory fast).”’

سَأَلْتُهُ‌[6] عَنِ الْقَلْسِ وَ هِيَ الْجُشْأَةُ[1] يَرْتَفِعُ الطَّعَامُ مِنْ جَوْفِ الرَّجُلِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ تَقَيَّأَ وَ هُوَ قَائِمٌ فِي الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ لَا يَنْقُضُ ذَلِكَ وُضُوءَهُ وَ لَا يَقْطَعُ صَلَاتَهُ وَ لَا يُفَطِّرُ صِيَامَهُ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about burping which is belching and brings food up from the inside of a man without vomiting and when he is standing in Salat (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘It does not invalidate his wudu’, destroy his Salat (prayer) or invalidate his fast.’”

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ أَصْبَحَتْ صَائِمَةً فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ أَوْ كَانَ الْعَشِيُ‌[2] حَاضَتْ أَ تُفْطِرُ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ وَقْتُ الْمَغْرِبِ فَلْتُفْطِرْ قَالَ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ رَأَتِ الطُّهْرَ فِي أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَتَغْتَسِلُ وَ لَمْ تَطْعَمْ فَمَا تَصْنَعُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ قَالَ تُفْطِرُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ فَإِنَّمَا فِطْرُهَا مِنَ الدَّمِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who gets up in the morning fasting but when the day rises or in the evening experiences Hayd (menses), if she can stop fasting. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, even if it is al-Maghrib (sunset), she can stop fasting.’ I then asked him (the Imam) about the case of

كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ ع امْرَأَةٌ طَهُرَتْ مِنْ حَيْضِهَا أَوْ مِنْ دَمِ نِفَاسِهَا فِي أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ اسْتَحَاضَتْ فَصَلَّتْ وَ صَامَتْ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ كُلَّهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ مَا تَعْمَلُ الْمُسْتَحَاضَةُ مِنَ الْغُسْلِ لِكُلِّ صَلَاتَيْنِ فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ صَوْمُهَا وَ صَلَاتُهَا أَمْ لَا فَكَتَبَ ع تَقْضِي صَوْمَهَا وَ لَا تَقْضِي صَلَاتَهَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ص كَانَ يَأْمُرُ ف

“I once wrote to him (the Imam) (a.s.), about the case of a woman who becomes clean of Hayd (menses) or childbirth bleeding on the first day of the month of Ramadan. She then experiences istihadah, she performs Salat (prayer) and fasts in all of the month of Ramadan without doing what a woman experiencing istihadah is

نَعَمْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَبْلَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَلْتُفْطِرْ وَ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ تَرَى الطُّهْرَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ تَغْتَسِلْ وَ لَمْ تَطْعَمْ كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ بِذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ قَالَ إِنَّمَا فِطْرُهَا مِنَ الدَّمِ.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a woman who gets up fasting but when the day rises or it becomes evening, she experiences Hayd (menses), if she stops fasting. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, she is required to stop fasting even if it is before al-Maghrib.’ I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case

إِذَا أَفْطَرَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ الْفَاتِرِ نَقَّى كَبِدَهُ‌[2] وَ غَسَلَ الذُّنُوبَ مِنَ الْقَلْبِ وَ قَوَّى الْبَصَرَ وَ الْحَدَقَ.

”If one breaks his fast with water, it cleanses his liver, washes off sins from the heart, and strengthens the eyesight and the pupil of the eyes.”

الْغُسْلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عِنْدَ وُجُوبِ الشَّمْسِ قُبَيْلَهُ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي ثُمَّ يُفْطِرُ.

”Ghusl (bath) in the month of Ramadan is just before sunset, thereafter one performs salat (prayer) and then breaks his fast.”

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع كَمْ أَغْتَسِلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةً قَالَ لَيْلَةَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ شَقَّ عَلَيَّ قَالَ فِي إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ شَقَّ عَلَيَّ قَالَ حَسْبُكَ الْآنَ.

“I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), on how many nights should one take a shower in the month of Ramadan?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is on the nineteenth, twenty- first and twenty-third nights.’ I then said, ‘What if even this much becomes difficult for me?’ He then said, ‘Take a shower on the twenty- first and twent

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي يُطْلَبُ فِيهَا مَا يُطْلَبُ مَتَى الْغُسْلُ فَقَالَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ حَيْثُ تَقُومُ مِنْ آخِرِهِ وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْقِيَامِ فَقَالَ تَقُومُ فِي أَوَّلِهِ وَ آخِرِهِ.

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the night during which one can appeal before Allah for one’s needs when it is the time for a shower. He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is at the beginning of the night, or if you like, at the end of the night as you wake up.’ I then asked about al-Qiyam (rising up) (for salat [prayer

الْغُسْلُ فِي لَيَالٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلَاثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ أُصِيبَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ قُبِضَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ وَ الْغُسْلُ فِي أَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ وَ هُوَ يُجْزِئُ إِلَى آخِرِهِ.

“One of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘One should take a shower in the nineteenth, twenty-first and twenty-third nights of the month of Ramadan. ’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), sustained a mortal wound by an assassin in the nineteenth night. He (the Imam) passed away on the twenty-first night of the month of Ram