الْكَبَائِرُ الَّتِي أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهَا النَّارَ.
“About the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘If you avoid violating that which has been prohibited, your (lesser) sins will be forgiven and you will be admitted into a graceful dwelling,’ (4:31) the Imam said, ‘Major sins are those for which Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has made it necessar
كَتَبَ مَعِي بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ كَمْ هِيَ وَ مَا هِيَ فَكَتَبَ الْكَبَائِرُ مَنِ اجْتَنَبَ مَا وَعَدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ كَفَّرَ عَنْهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مُؤْمِناً وَ السَّبْعُ الْمُوجِبَاتُ[3] قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الْحَرَامِ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ- وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا- وَ التَّعَرُّبُ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ[1] وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْ
2. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ibn Mahbub who has said the following: “Once certain individuals of our people and I wrote to abu al- Hassan (a.s.) asking what and how many were the major sins. He wrote back to us about major sins, ‘Whoever avoids the act for which Allah has decided to se
سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ الْكَبَائِرُ سَبْعٌ قَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ مُتَعَمِّداً[3] وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَةِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ التَّعَرُّبُ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ[4] وَ كُلُّ مَا أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ.
“I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘The major sins are seven in number: Murdering a believer intentionally, Accusing a married women of committing indecent act, Running away from the enemy in the battle field during an offensive. Alienating one’s self from religion after accepting it. Consuming the properties of the
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ إِنَّ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ عُقُوقَ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ الْيَأْسَ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ وَ الْأَمْنَ لِمَكْرِ اللَّهِ[1] وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّ أَكْبَرَ الْكَبَائِرِ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ.
4. Yunus has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) saying, ‘Of the major sins are disregard of good relation with parents, despair for the mercy of Allah, feeling safe from the punishment of Allah and it is narrated that the biggest of the major sins is to conside
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ مَنْ زَنَى خَرَجَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ مَنْ شَرِبَ الْخَمْرَ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْماً مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُتَعَمِّداً خَرَجَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ.
“I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘Whoever commits fornication suffers the loss of his belief, one who drinks wine suffers the loss of belief and one who breaks intentionally the fast in the month of Ramadhan suffers the loss of his belief.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع لَا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ قَالَ لَا إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى بَطْنِهَا سُلِبَ الْإِيمَانُ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا قَامَ رُدَّ إِلَيْهِ فَإِذَا عَادَ سُلِبَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَعُودَ فَقَالَ مَا أَكْثَرَ مَنْ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَعُودَ فَلَا يَعُودُ إِلَيْهِ أَبَداً.
“Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) ‘Is it true that a fornicator does not fornicate if he is a believer?’ The Imam said, ‘No, it is not as such, however, when he is on her belly, belief is taken away from him and when he moves away, his belief is returned to him, if he repeats it his belief is taken away from him.’ I t
الْفَوَاحِشُ الزِّنَى وَ السَّرِقَةُ وَ اللَّمَمُ الرَّجُلُ يُلِمُّ بِالذَّنْبِ فَيَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ مِنْهُ قُلْتُ بَيْنَ الضَّلَالِ وَ الْكُفْرِ مَنْزِلَةٌ فَقَالَ مَا أَكْثَرَ عُرَى الْإِيمَانِ[3].
“About the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘Those who stay away from grave sins and indecency (should know that) for their Lamam (certain sins) your Lord’s forgiveness is vast. . . .’ (53:32) the Imam said, ‘Indecency is fornication and theft. Lamam is when a man commits a sin, then regrets and asks f
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ فَقَالَ هُنَّ فِي كِتَابِ عَلِيٍّ ع سَبْعٌ الْكُفْرُ بِاللَّهِ وَ قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ التَّعَرُّبُ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ فَهَذَا أَكْبَرُ الْمَعَاصِي قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَأَكْلُ دِرْهَمٍ مِنْ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً أَكْبَرُ أَ
“Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) about the major sins. The Imam said, ‘They according to the book of Ali (a.s.) are seven: Disbelief in Allah, Murdering a soul, Disregard of good relations with parents, Consuming unlawful interest from trade with evidence, Consuming the properties of orphans unjustly, Running away fr
قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ إِلَّا وَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعُونَ جُنَّةً[2] حَتَّى يَعْمَلَ أَرْبَعِينَ كَبِيرَةً فَإِذَا عَمِلَ أَرْبَعِينَ كَبِيرَةً انْكَشَفَتْ عَنْهُ الْجُنَنُ فَيُوحِي اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اسْتُرُوا عَبْدِي بِأَجْنِحَتِكُمْ فَتَسْتُرُهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا قَالَ فَمَا يَدَعُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْقَبِيحِ إِلَّا قَارَفَهُ[3] حَتَّى يَمْتَدِحَ إِلَى النَّاسِ بِفِعْلِهِ الْقَ
“Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) has said, ‘There is no believer without forty shields on him until he commits forty major sins. When he commits forty major sins, the shields are removed. Allah then sends revelations to them (angels), “Cover My servant with your wings,” and the angels cover him with their wi
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ الْكَبَائِرُ الْقُنُوطُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ وَ الْيَأْسُ[2] مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ وَ الْأَمْنُ مِنْ مَكْرِ اللَّهِ وَ قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ وَ التَّعَرُّبُ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَةِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ الْم
10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas’adah ibn Sadaqa who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) saying, ‘Of the major sins is to Despair from the mercy of Allah and Losing hope of receiving happiness from Allah, to feel secure of the punishment of Allah, murdering a soul that
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فِي قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا زَنَى الرَّجُلُ فَارَقَهُ رُوحُ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ وَ أَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ ذَاكَ الَّذِي يُفَارِقُهُ.
“Once I asked abu Ja’far (a.s.) about the words of the Messenger of Allah, ‘When a person commits fornication the spirit of belief departs him,’ the Imam said, ‘It is mentioned in His (Allah) words, ‘He has supported them with a spirit from Him,’ that is the spirit that departs him.’”
يُسْلَبُ مِنْهُ رُوحُ الْإِيمَانِ مَا دَامَ عَلَى بَطْنِهَا فَإِذَا نَزَلَ عَادَ الْإِيمَانُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ هَمَ[1] قَالَ لَا أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ هَمَّ أَنْ يَسْرِقَ أَ تُقْطَعُ يَدُهُ.
“The spirit of belief is moved away from him as long as he is on her belly and when he comes down the spirit returns.’ The narrator has said that he then asked, ‘What if one intends to commit fornication?’ The Imam said, ‘No, consider, if one intends to steal, will his hand be cut?”’
كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَقَالَ لَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ يَزْنِي الزَّانِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ قَالَ لَا إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى بَطْنِهَا سُلِبَ الْإِيمَانُ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا قَامَ رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعُودَ قَالَ مَا أَكْثَرَ مَا يَهُمُّ أَنْ يَعُودَ ثُمَّ لَا يَعُودُ.
“Once I was in the presence of Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) and Muhammad ibn ‘Abdahu said, ‘A fornicator fornicates. Is he still a believer?’ The Imam said, ‘As long as he is on her belly he is not a believer and when he stands up, belief is returned to him.’ I then asked, ‘What if one intends to repeat?’ The Imam said, ‘How m
سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ الْكَبَائِرُ سَبْعَةٌ[2] مِنْهَا قَتْلُ النَّفْسِ مُتَعَمِّداً وَ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ وَ قَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَةِ وَ أَكْلُ الرِّبَا بَعْدَ الْبَيِّنَةِ وَ الْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَ التَّعَرُّبُ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ عُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ ظُلْماً قَالَ وَ التَّعَرُّبُ وَ الشِّرْكُ وَاحِدٌ[3].
“I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘The major sins are seven: One of them is murdering a soul intentionally, considering things as a partner of Allah the Most Great, accusing a married women of committing an indecent act, consuming unlawful interest in trade with evidence, mnning away from the battlefield during an
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع وَ الَّذِي إِذَا دَعَاهُ أَبُوهُ لَعَنَ أَبَاهُ وَ الَّذِي إِذَا أَجَابَهُ ابْنُهُ يَضْرِبُهُ[5].
“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘A son who condemns his father when he calls him and the father who beats up his son who responds to the father’s call are the same.’”
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ص فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ نَاساً زَعَمُوا أَنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَا يَزْنِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَسْرِقُ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَأْكُلُ الرِّبَا وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَسْفِكُ الدَّمَ الْحَرَامَ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَقَدْ ثَقُلَ عَلَيَّ هَذَا وَ حَرِجَ مِنْهُ صَدْرِي حِينَ أَزْعُمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْعَبْدَ يُصَلِّي صَلَ
16. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father in a marfu’ manner from Muhammad ibn Dawud al-Ghanawi from Asbagh ibn Nubatah who has said the following: “Once a man came to Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) and said, ‘O Amir al- Mu’minin, certain people think a serv
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص إِذَا زَنَى الرَّجُلُ فَارَقَهُ رُوحُ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ فَقَالَ هُوَ مِثْلُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ لا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ[2] ثُمَّ قَالَ غَيْرُ هَذَا أَبْيَنُ مِنْهُ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- وَ أَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ هُوَ الَّذِي فَارَقَهُ.
“Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) about the words of the Messenger of Allah, ‘When a man fornicates, the spirit of belief departs him. ’ The narrator has said that the Imam said, ‘It is like the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, [“. . . do not even think of spending for the cause of Allah worthless thi
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَ يَغْفِرُ ما دُونَ ذلِكَ لِمَنْ يَشاءُ[3] الْكَبَائِرَ فَمَا سِوَاهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ دَخَلَتِ الْكَبَائِرُ فِي الِاسْتِثْنَاءِ قَالَ نَعَمْ[4].
“The Imam said that Allah has said, ‘Allah does not forgive the sin of considering others equal to Him, however. He may grant exceptions in other forms of sins that He may choose to forgive, . . .’ (4:48) It is a reference to the major sins and the lesser sins.” I (the narrator) asked the Imam, ‘Does the above exceptio
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع الْكَبَائِرُ فِيهَا اسْتِثْنَاءُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ قَالَ نَعَمْ.
“Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) ‘Does the exception apply to the major sins and Allah may chose to forgive (whichever He may so choose)?’ The Imam said, ‘Yes, it does apply.’”
سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ- فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً[5] قَالَ مَعْرِفَةُ الْإِمَامِ وَ اجْتِنَابُ الْكَبَائِرِ الَّتِي أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا النَّارَ.
“I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying about, ‘Whoever is given wisdom, certainly, has received much good. . . .,’ (2:269) it (such wisdom) means (having the ability to) recognize the Imam and avoid committing major sins for which Allah has made it necessary to send the perpetrators to fire.’”
قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ ع الْكَبَائِرُ تُخْرِجُ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ وَ مَا دُونَ الْكَبَائِرِ- قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص لَا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ.
“I asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.) ‘Does committing a major sin remove one away from belief?’ The Imam said, ‘Yes, even less than major sins do. The Messenger of Allah has said, “A fornicator does not commit such a thing while he is a believer and a thief does not steal while he is a believer.’””
دَخَلَ ابْنُ قَيْسٍ الْمَاصِرِ وَ عَمْرُو بْنُ ذَرٍّ وَ أَظُنُّ مَعَهُمَا أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع فَتَكَلَّمَ ابْنُ قَيْسٍ الْمَاصِرِ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لَا نُخْرِجُ أَهْلَ دَعْوَتِنَا وَ أَهْلَ مِلَّتِنَا مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ فِي الْمَعَاصِي وَ الذُّنُوبِ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ع يَا ابْنَ قَيْسٍ أَمَّا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص فَقَدْ قَالَ لَا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ
“Once ibn Qays al-Masir and ‘Amr ibn Dharr - 1 think also abu Hanifah - came to see abu Ja’far (a.s.). Ibn Qays al-Masir spoke and said, ‘We do not expel people of our own mission and people of our own nation from belief just because of disobedience and sin.’ Abu Ja’far (a.s.) said, ‘O ibn Qays, the Messenger of Allah
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَرْتَكِبُ الْكَبِيرَةَ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ فَيَمُوتُ هَلْ يُخْرِجُهُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ إِنْ عُذِّبَ كَانَ عَذَابُهُ كَعَذَابِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَمْ لَهُ مُدَّةٌ وَ انْقِطَاعٌ فَقَالَ مَنِ ارْتَكَبَ كَبِيرَةً مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّهَا حَلَالٌ أَخْرَجَهُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَ عُذِّبَ أَشَدَّ الْعَذَابِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ مُعْتَرِفاً أَنَّهُ أَذْنَبَ وَ مَ
“Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) about a man who commits a major sin and then dies whether it takes him away from Islam and if he will be punished, will it be like that for the pagans or will it finish on a certain time? The Imam said, ‘One who commits any of the major sins considering it to be lawful it will take hi
دَخَلَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ[1] عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ وَ جَلَسَ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- الَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبائِرَ الْإِثْمِ وَ الْفَواحِشَ[2] ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع مَا أَسْكَتَكَ قَالَ أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَعْرِفَ الْكَبَائِرَ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ يَا عَمْرُو أَكْبَرُ الْكَبَائِرِ الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللَّهِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ وَ مَنْ يُشْرِكْ
24. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Abd al-‘Azim ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Hassani who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) narrated to me saying, ‘I heard my father saying, “I heard my father, Musa ibn Ja’far (a.s.) saying, ‘Once ‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd came to see abu ‘Abd Allah (a