Justice

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنِ الْقَسَامَةِ أَيْنَ كَانَ بَدْؤُهَا فَقَالَ كَانَ مِنْ قِبَلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص لَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ فَتْحِ خَيْبَرَ تَخَلَّفَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَرَجَعُوا فِي طَلَبِهِ فَوَجَدُوهُ مُتَشَحِّطاً فِي دَمِهِ قَتِيلًا فَجَاءَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ص فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَتَلَتِ الْيَهُودُ صَاحِبَنَا فَقَالَ لِيُقْسِمْ مِنْكُمْ خَمْسُونَ

Hadith.5179 - Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah from Abu Basir: I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about Qasamah (the collective oath) - where did it originate? Imam (as) said: "It began with the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family). After the conquest of Khaybar, a man from the Ansar

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ فِي رَجُلٍ أَرَادَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى نَفْسِهَا حَرَاماً فَرَمَتْهُ بِحَجَرٍ فَأَصَابَتْ مِنْهُ مَقْتَلًا قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ فِيمَا بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِنْ قُدِّمَتْ إِلَى إِمَامٍ عَدْلٍ أَهْدَرَ دَمَهُ‌[1].

I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say regarding a man who tried to force himself unlawfully upon a woman, and she struck him with a stone, causing his death. Imam (as) said: "There is nothing upon her in what is between her and Allah (swt), the Majestic. And if she is brought before a just Imam, he will dismiss his (attackers'

دِيَةُ الْيَدِ إِذَا قُطِعَتْ خَمْسُونَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَمَا كَانَ جُرُوحاً دُونَ الِاصْطِلَامِ‌[4] فَيَحْكُمُ بِهِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ‌[5] وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِما أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ‌ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الْكافِرُونَ‌

"The blood money (diyya) for a hand if it is cut off is fifty camels. As for wounds that are less severe than complete amputation, a ruling shall be made concerning them by two just individuals among you. And whoever does not judge by what Allah (swt) has revealed, then they are the disbelievers."

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَطَعَ يَدَيْنِ لِرَجُلَيْنِ الْيَمِينَيْنِ فَقَالَ يَا حَبِيبُ تُقْطَعُ يَمِينُهُ لِلرَّجُلِ الَّذِي قَطَعَ يَمِينَهُ أَوَّلًا وَ يُقْطَعُ يَسَارُهُ لِلَّذِي قَطَعَ يَمِينَهُ آخِراً لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا قَطَعَ يَدَ الرَّجُلِ الْأَخِيرِ وَ يَمِينُهُ قِصَاصٌ لِلرَّجُلِ الْأَوَّلِ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَقْطَعُ الْيَدَ الْيُمْنَى وَ الرِّجْلَ الْيُسْر

I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a man who cut off the right hands of two men. Imam (as) replied: "O' Habib, his right hand is to be cut off in retaliation for the man whose right hand he first severed, and his left hand is to be cut off for the man whose right hand he severed afterward. This

سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ وَجَأَ أُذُنَ رَجُلٍ بِعَظْمٍ فَادَّعَى أَنَّهُ ذَهَبَ سَمْعُهُ كُلُّهُ قَالَ يُؤَجَّلُ سَنَةً وَ يُتَرَصَّدُ بِشَاهِدَيْ عَدْلٍ فَإِنْ جَاءَا فَشَهِدَا أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ وَ أَنَّهُ أَجَابَ عَلَى سَمْعٍ فَلَا حَقَّ لَهُ‌[1] وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُعْثَرْ عَلَى أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ اسْتُحْلِفَ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أُعْطِيَ الدِّيَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْمَعُ بَعْدَ مَا أُعْطِيَ الدِّيَةَ قَالَ هُوَ شَيْ‌ءٌ أَعْطَا

I asked Imam (as) about a man who struck another man's ear with a bone, and the man claimed that he had completely lost his hearing. Imam (as) said: "He should be given a respite for one year, and two just witnesses should observe him. If they testify that he heard and responded to hearing, then he has no right (to com

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع يَقُولُ‌ فِي رَجُلٍ رَاوَدَ امْرَأَةً عَلَى نَفْسِهَا حَرَاماً فَرَمَتْهُ بِحَجَرٍ فَأَصَابَتْ مِنْهُ مَقْتَلًا قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا شَيْ‌ءٌ فِيمَا بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَإِنْ قُدِّمَتْ إِلَى إِمَامٍ عَدْلٍ أَهْدَرَ دَمَهُ.

I heard Abu Abdullah (as) say regarding a man who tried to seduce a woman for unlawful relations, and she threw a stone at him, striking him in a fatal spot and killing him. Imam (as) said: "There is nothing upon her in the matter between her and Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic. And if she is brought before a just

مَنْ عَدَلَ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ كَانَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهَا فِي حَيَاتِهِ وَ مَنْ جَارَ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ هُوَ عَنْهُ مُعْرِضٌ.

قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ع‌ الْحَيْفُ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ[3].

Hadith.5420 - Harun ibn Muslim narrated from Masadah ibn Ṣadaqah from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) from his forefathers (peace be upon them), who said that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Injustice in a will is among the major sins."

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ الْوَصِيَّةُ بِالْخُمُسِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رَضِيَ لِنَفْسِهِ بِالْخُمُسِ وَ قَالَ الْخُمُسُ اقْتِصَادٌ وَ الرُّبُعُ جَهْدٌ وَ الثُّلُثُ حَيْفٌ‌[1].

Hadith.5421 - Al-Sakuni narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said that the Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Bequeathing one-fifth (khums) is recommended because Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, has chosen one-fifth for Himself." Imam (as

أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ- يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا شَهادَةُ بَيْنِكُمْ إِذا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ حِينَ الْوَصِيَّةِ اثْنانِ ذَوا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ أَوْ آخَرانِ مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ‌ قَالَ هُمَا كَافِرَانِ‌[2] قُلْتُ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ مُسْلِمَانِ.

I asked Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "O' you who believe! Witnesses between you when death approaches one of you, at the time of bequest, are two just men from among you, or two others from outside of you." (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:106) Imam (as

وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ‌ أَوْصَى أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ع بِهَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةِ هَذَا مَا تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ع تَصَدَّقَ بِأَرْضِهِ فِي مَكَانِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا كُلِّهَا وَ حَدُّ الْأَرْضِ‌

Abu Al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) made this endowment: "This is what Musa ibn Jafar (as) has endowed. He (as) has endowed all His (as) land in such and such a place. The boundary of the land is such and such. He (as) has endowed all of it, including its palm trees, land, water channels, water, mills, righ

يَجُوزُ لِأَبِيهَا مَا وَهَبَتْ لَهُ‌[2].

I asked Imam (as) about a man who struck his pregnant daughter, causing her to miscarry a stillborn child. The woman's husband sought justice against her father. The woman then said to her husband: "If this miscarriage has a diyyah (blood money) and I have a share of inheritance in it, then I give my share to my father

أَعْجَلُ الشَّرِّ عُقُوبَةً الْبَغْيُ.

Hadith.5802 - The Prophet (sw) said; "The quickest evil to be punished is oppression." (by Allah (swt) in the Hereafter)

مَطْلُ الْغَنِيِّ ظُلْمٌ‌[4].

Hadith.5819 - The Prophet (sw) said; "The delay in (due) payment by a wealthy person is injustice."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ سَبْعَةُ حُقُوقٍ وَاجِبَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ‌[2] الْإِجْلَالُ لَهُ فِي عَيْنِهِ وَ الْوُدُّ لَهُ فِي صَدْرِهِ وَ الْمُوَاسَاةُ لَهُ فِي مَالِهِ وَ أَنْ يُحَرِّمَ غِيبَتَهُ‌[3] وَ أَنْ يَعُودَهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ وَ أَنْ يُشَيِّعَ جَنَازَتَهُ وَ أَنْ لَا يَقُولَ فِيهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ إِلَّا خَيْراً.

Hadith.5850 - In the narration of Mas'ada ibn Sadaqa, the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "A believer has seven rights over another believer, which are obligatory upon him by Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: to respect him in his sight, to have affection for him in h

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ص‌ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَكْرَمَ النَّاسِ فَلْيَتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَتْقَى النَّاسِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَغْنَى النَّاسِ فَلْيَكُنْ بِمَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْثَقَ مِنْهُ بِمَا فِي يَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ ع أَ لَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرِّ النَّاسِ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَ النَّاسَ وَ أَ

Hadith.5858 - Ali ibn Mahziyar narrated from Al-Husayn ibn Said, from Al-Harith ibn Muhammad ibn Al-Numan Al-Ahwal, known as Sahib Al-Taq, from Jamil ibn Salih, from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as), from his forefathers, peace be upon them, who said that the Messenger of Allah (swt), peace and blessi