The Reason for Obligation of Five Prayers at Five Specific Times

أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ هَذِهِ اَلْخَمْسَ اَلصَّلَوَاتِ فِي خَمْسِ مَوَاقِيتَ عَلَى أُمَّتِكَ فِي سَاعَاتِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ اَلنَّهَارِ فَقَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «إِنَّ اَلشَّمْسَ عِنْدَ اَلزَّوَالِ لَهَا حَلْقَةٌ تَدْخُلُ فِيهَا فَإِذَا دَخَلَتْ فِيهَا زَالَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ فَيُسَبِّحُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ دُونَ اَلْعَرْشِ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّي ج

Hadith.643 - It was narrated from Imam Hasan ibn Ali (as) said that a group of Jews came to The Prophet (sw) and the most knowledgeable among them asked him about various matters. Among the questions was: 'Tell me, why did Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, prescribe these five prayers at five specific times for you

لَهُ مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا آدَمُ فَقَالَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الشَّامَةِ الَّتِي ظَهَرَتِ بِي قَالَ قُمْ يَا آدَمُ فَصَلِّ فَهَذَا وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ الْأُولَى‌[2] فَقَامَ فَصَلَّى فَانْحَطَّتِ الشَّامَةُ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ‌[3] فَجَاءَهُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ الثَّانِيَةِ فَقَالَ قُمْ فَصَلِّ يَا آدَمُ- فَهَذَا وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ الثَّانِيَةِ فَقَامَ فَصَلَّى فَانْحَطَّتِ الشَّامَةُ إِلَى سُرَّتِهِ فَجَاءَهُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَقَال

Hadith.644 - It was narrated by Al-Hussain ibn Abi al-Ala' from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) that He said: "When Adam (as) was sent down from Paradise, a black mark appeared on his face from his head to his feet. His sorrow and weeping over what had befallen him continued for a long time. Archangel Jibril (as)

كَتَبَ الرِّضَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى ع إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ فِيمَا كَتَبَ مِنْ جَوَابِ مَسَائِلِهِ‌ أَنَّ عِلَّةَ الصَّلَاةِ أَنَّهَا إِقْرَارٌ بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ خَلْعُ الْأَنْدَادِ وَ قِيَامٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْجَبَّارِ جَلَّ جَلَالُهُ بِالذُّلِّ وَ الْمَسْكَنَةِ وَ الْخُضُوعِ وَ الِاعْتِرَافِ وَ الطَّلَبُ لِلْإِقَالَةِ مِنْ سَالِفِ الذُّنُوبِ وَ وَضْعُ الْوَجْهِ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ كُلَّ

Hadith.645 - Imam Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha wrote to Muhammad ibn Sinan in response to his questions, saying: "The reason for the prescription of prayer is that it is an acknowledgment of Allah’s (swt) Lord (azj)ship, a rejection of idols, and a standing in the presence of the Mighty, the Glorious, with humility, poverty,