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الکافی- ط الاسلامیة

الكافي- ط الاسلامية

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بَابُ الرَّجُلِ يُقْتَلُ وَ لَهُ وَلِيَّانِ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ فَيَعْفُو أَحَدُهُمْ أَوْ يَقْبَلُ الدِّيَةَ وَ بَعْضٌ يُرِيدُ الْقَتْلَ‌

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ وَ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‌ فِي رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ وَلِيَّانِ فَعَفَا أَحَدُهُمَا وَ أَبَى الْآخَرُ أَنْ يَعْفُوَ قَالَ

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إِنْ أَرَادَ الَّذِي لَمْ يَعْفُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ قَتَلَ وَ رَدَّ نِصْفَ الدِّيَةِ عَلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ الْمُقَادِ مِنْهُ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ali Bin Hadeed and Ibn Abu Umeyr, from Jameel Bin Darraj, from one of his companions, (It has been narrated) that it was asked from Amir Al Momineen asws regarding a man who was killed and for him were two guardians. So one of them forgave and the other one refused to forgive. He asws said: ‘If the one who did not forgive want him to be killed, he kills and returns half the wergild to the guardians of the killed one for the retaliation from it’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلَّادٍ الْحَنَّاطِ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ أُمٌّ وَ أَبٌ وَ ابْنٌ فَقَالَ الِابْنُ أَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَقْتُلَ قَاتِلَ أَبِي وَ قَالَ الْأَبُ أَنَا أَعْفُو وَ قَالَتِ الْأُمُّ أَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ آخُذَ الدِّيَةَ قَالَ فَقَالَ فَلْيُعْطِ الِابْنُ أُمَّ الْمَقْتُولِ السُّدُسَ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ وَ يُعْطِي وَرَثَةَ الْقَاتِلِ السُّدُسَ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ حَقَّ الْأَبِ الَّذِي عَفَا وَ لْيَقْتُلْهُ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father and Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, both together, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Wallad Al Hannat who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about a man who was killed and for him was a mother and a father and a son. So the son said, ‘I want that the killer of my father be killed’. And the father said, ‘I forgive’. And the mother said, ‘I want that I should take the wergild’. He asws said: ‘So let the son pay the mother of the killed one, one-sixth of the wergild, and give to the inheritors of the killer, one-sixth from the wergild, a right of the father who forgave, and (then) let him kill him’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلَّادٍ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ أَوْلَادٌ صِغَارٌ وَ كِبَارٌ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ عَفَا الْأَوْلَادُ الْكِبَارُ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا يُقْتَلُ وَ يَجُوزُ عَفْوُ الْأَوْلَادِ الْكِبَارِ فِي حِصَصِهِمْ فَإِذَا كَبِرَ الصِّغَارُ كَانَ لَهُمْ أَنْ‌ يَطْلُبُوا حِصَصَهُمْ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ibn Mahboub, from Abu Wallad who said, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about a man who was killed and for him were young children, and older ones. What is your asws view that if the older children forgive?’ So he asws said: ‘He would not be killed, and the forgiveness of the older children is allowed regarding their share. So when the young ones become older, it would be for them to invalidate (forgive) their shares from the wergild’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[1]ظاهره عدم جواز القود كما هو مذهب بعض العامّة و يمكن أن يقال: جواز أخذ الدية لا ينافى جواز القود مع أنّه يمكن حمله على غير العمد( آت)ص 357

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ابْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ ع عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ فِي دَارِ الْهِجْرَةِ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ فِي دَارِ الْبَدْوِ وَ لَمْ يُهَاجِرْ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ عَفَا الْمُهَاجِرِيُّ وَ أَرَادَ الْبَدَوِيُّ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ لَيْسَ لِلْبَدَوِيِّ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُهَاجِرِيّاً حَتَّى يُهَاجِرَ قَالَ وَ إِذَا عَفَا الْمُهَاجِرِيُّ فَإِنَّ عَفْوَهُ جَائِزٌ قُلْتُ فَلِلْبَدَوِيِّ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ شَيْ‌ءٌ قَالَ أَمَّا الْمِيرَاثُ فَلَهُ حَظُّهُ مِنْ دِيَةِ أَخِيهِ إِنْ أُخِذَتْ‌.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ibn Mahboub, from Ali Bin Raib, from Zurara who said, ‘I asked Abu Ja’far asws about a man who was killed, and for him is a brother in the house of the migration, and for him is a brother in the house of the Bedouins who did not migrate. What is your asws view if the emigrant forgive and the Bedouin want that he be killed. Is that for him (to do)? It is not for the Bedouin that he kills an emigrant until he emigrates’. He asws said: ‘If the emigrant forgives, so his forgiveness is allowed’. I said, ‘So is there for the Bedouin anything from the inheritance?’ He asws said: ‘As for the inheritance, so for him is his share from the wergild of his brother, if he takes it’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[2]قال العلّامة المجلسيّ- رحمه اللّه-: لم أر من قال بمضمونه.ص 357

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أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكُوفِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ النَّهْدِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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لَيْسَ لِلنِّسَاءِ عَفْوٌ وَ لَا قَوَدٌ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Al Kufy, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al Nahdy, from Muhammad Bin Al Waleed, from Aban, from Abu Al Abbas, (It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullah asws having said: ‘There is neither forgiveness nor retaliation for the women’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ:

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قَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع فِيمَنْ عَفَا مِنْ ذِي سَهْمٍ فَإِنَّ عَفْوَهُ جَائِزٌ وَ قَضَى فِي أَرْبَعَةِ إِخْوَةٍ عَفَا أَحَدُهُمْ قَالَ يُعْطَى بَقِيَّتُهُمُ الدِّيَةَ وَ يُرْفَعُ عَنْهُمْ بِحِصَّةِ الَّذِي عَفَا.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Fazzal, from Yunus Bin Yaqoub, from Abu Maryam, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws having said: ‘Amir Al-Momineen asws judged regarding the one with a share who forgave, so his forgiveness is allowed; and he asws judged regarding four brothers, one of them forgave, he asws said: ‘He would be given the wergild, and from the remaining ones, (the wergild) would be raised from them by the share of the one who forgave’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَدِيدٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‌ فِي رَجُلَيْنِ قَتَلَا رَجُلًا عَمْداً وَ لَهُ وَلِيَّانِ فَعَفَا أَحَدُ الْوَلِيَّيْنِ فَقَالَ

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إِذَا عَفَا عَنْهُمَا بَعْضُ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ دُرِئَ عَنْهُمَا الْقَتْلُ وَ طُرِحَ عَنْهُمَا مِنَ الدِّيَةِ بِقَدْرِ حِصَّةِ مَنْ عَفَا وَ أَدَّيَا الْبَاقِيَ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمَا إِلَى الَّذِي لَمْ يَعْفُ وَ قَالَ عَفْوُ كُلِّ ذِي سَهْمٍ جَائِزٌ.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ali Bin Hadeed, from Jameel Bin Darraj, from Zurara, (It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’far asws regarding two men who killed a man deliberately, and for him were two guardians, so one of the guardians forgave. So he asws said: ‘When one of the two guardians forgives both of them, the killing would be staved off from them, and the wergild would be dropped from both of them by the measurement of the share of the one who forgave, and the remaining would be paid from their two guardians to the one who did not forgive’. And he asws said: ‘Forgiveness of every one with a share, is allowed’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.

الهوامش · 1

[3]« درء عنهما القتل» موافق لما نسب الى بعض العامّة و كذا الخبر الذي بعده، قال الشيخ- رحمه اللّه- في الاستبصار بعد ايراد هذه الروايات الوجه فيها انه انما ينتقل إلى الدية إذا لم يؤد من يريد القود الى اولياء العاد منه مقدار ما عفى عنه لانه متى لم يؤد ذلك لم يكن له القود على حال انتهى.ص 357

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ:

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سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلَيْنِ عَمْداً وَ لَهُمَا أَوْلِيَاءُ فَعَفَا أَوْلِيَاءُ أَحَدِهِمَا وَ أَبَى الْآخَرُونَ قَالَ فَقَالَ يَقْتُلُ الَّذِي لَمْ يَعْفُ وَ إِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا الدِّيَةَ أَخَذُوا قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فَرَجُلَانِ قَتَلَا رَجُلًا عَمْداً وَ لَهُ وَلِيَّانِ فَعَفَا أَحَدُ الْوَلِيَّيْنِ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِذَا عَفَا بَعْضُ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ دُرِئَ عَنْهُمَا الْقَتْلُ وَ طُرِحَ عَنْهُمَا مِنَ الدِّيَةِ بِقَدْرِ حِصَّةِ مَنْ عَفَا وَ أَدَّيَا الْبَاقِيَ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمَا إِلَى الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَعْفُوا.

Read English translationHubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn

Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ibn Mahboub, from Abdul Rahman, (The narrator) says, ‘I asked Abu Abdullah asws about a man who killed two men deliberately, and for both of them were guardians. So the guardians of one of the two forgave and the other ones refused. So he asws said: ‘The ones who did not forgive can kill him, and if they so like to take the wergild, they can take it’. Abdul Rahman said, ‘So I said to Abu Abdullah asws , ‘So two men both kill a man deliberately, and for him are two guardians, so one of the guardians forgives?’ So he asws said: ‘When one of the guardians forgives, the killing is staved off from them both, and the wergild would be dropped from both of them by the measurement of the share of the one who forgave, and the remainder would be paid from both their wealth to the one who did not forgive’.

Translation: HubeAli — attributed by Thaqalayn·The Arabic above is the original.